Editing Nuclear disarmament (section)

===Controversial U.S. nuclear policies===
* [[Reliable Replacement Warhead Program]] (RRW): This program seeks to replace existing warheads with a smaller number of warhead types designed to be easier to maintain without testing.  Critics charge that this would lead to a new generation of nuclear weapons and would increase pressures to test.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Arsenals of folly : the making of the nuclear arms race|last=Rhodes|first=Richard|date=2007|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|isbn=9780375414138|edition=1st|location=New York|oclc=137325021|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/arsenalsoffollym00rhod}}</ref> Congress has not funded this program.
* '''Complex Transformation''': Complex transformation, formerly known as Complex 2030, is an effort to shrink the U.S. nuclear weapons complex and restore the ability to produce "pits", the fissile cores of the primaries of U.S. thermonuclear weapons.  Critics see it as an upgrade to the entire nuclear weapons complex to support the production and maintenance of the new generation of nuclear weapons.  Congress has not funded this program.
* [[Nuclear bunker buster]]: Formally known as the Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator (RNEP), this program aimed to modify an existing gravity bomb to penetrate into [[soil]] and [[Rock (geology)|rock]] in order to destroy underground targets.  Critics argue that this would lower the threshold for use of nuclear weapons.  Congress did not fund this proposal, which was later withdrawn.
* [[National Missile Defense|Missile Defense]]: Formerly known as National Missile Defense, this program seeks to build a network of interceptor missiles to protect the United States and its allies from incoming missiles, including nuclear-armed missiles.  Critics have argued that this would impede nuclear disarmament and possibly stimulate a [[nuclear arms race]].  Elements of missile defense are being deployed in Poland and the Czech Republic, despite Russian opposition.

Former U.S. officials Henry Kissinger, George Shultz, Bill Perry, and Sam Nunn (aka 'The Gang of Four' on nuclear deterrence)<ref>{{cite web| url = http://disarmingconflict.ca/2011/03/12/the-gang-of-four-on-nuclear-deterrence/,| title = The Gang of Four on Nuclear Deterrence| date = March 12, 2011}}</ref> proposed in January 2007 that the United States rededicate itself to the goal of eliminating nuclear weapons, concluding: "We endorse setting the goal of a world free of nuclear weapons and working energetically on the actions required to achieve that goal."  Arguing a year later that "with nuclear weapons more widely available, deterrence is decreasingly effective and increasingly hazardous," the authors concluded that although "it is tempting and easy to say we can't get there from here, [...] we must chart a course toward that goal."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.2020visioncampaign.org/pages/336 |title=Renewed call from Kissinger, Nunn, Perry and Shultz for Nuclear-Free World |access-date=November 9, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113185933/http://www.2020visioncampaign.org/pages/336 |archive-date=January 13, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>  During his presidential campaign, former U.S. President Barack Obama pledged to "set a goal of a world without nuclear weapons, and pursue it."<ref>[http://origin.barackobama.com/issues/foreign_policy/#nuclear Barack Obama and Joe Biden's Plan to Secure America and Restore our Standing] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001020847/http://origin.barackobama.com/issues/foreign_policy/ |date=October 1, 2008 }}</ref>