Editing Niels Bohr (section)

=== Assistance to refugee scholars===
The rise of [[Nazism]] in Germany prompted many scholars to flee their countries, either because they were Jewish or because they were political opponents of the Nazi regime. In 1933, the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] created a fund to help support refugee academics, and Bohr discussed this programme with the President of the Rockefeller Foundation, [[Max Mason]], in May 1933 during a visit to the United States. Bohr offered the refugees temporary jobs at the institute, provided them with financial support, arranged for them to be awarded fellowships from the Rockefeller Foundation, and ultimately found them places at institutions around the world. Those that he helped included [[Guido Beck]], [[Felix Bloch]], [[James Franck]], George de Hevesy, [[Otto Frisch]], [[Hilde Levi]], [[Lise Meitner]], George Placzek, [[Eugene Rabinowitch]], [[Stefan Rozental]], Erich Ernst Schneider, [[Edward Teller]], [[Arthur R. von Hippel|Arthur von Hippel]] and [[Victor Weisskopf]].{{sfn|Pais|1991|pp=382–386}}

In April 1940, early in the Second World War, [[Nazi Germany]] [[Occupation of Denmark|invaded and occupied Denmark]].{{sfn|Pais|1991|p=476}} To prevent the Germans from discovering [[Max von Laue]]'s and James Franck's [[Nobel Prize medal|gold Nobel medal]]s, Bohr had de Hevesy dissolve them in [[aqua regia]]. In this form, they were stored on a shelf at the Institute until after the war, when the gold was precipitated and the medals re-struck by the Nobel Foundation. Bohr's own medal had been donated to an auction to the [[Finnish Relief Fund]], and was auctioned off in March 1940, along with the medal of [[August Krogh]]. The buyer later donated the two medals to the Danish Historical Museum in [[Frederiksborg Castle]], where they are still kept,<ref>{{cite web |title=A unique gold medal |website=www.nobelprize.org |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/about/the-nobel-medals-and-the-medal-for-the-prize-in-economic-sciences/ |access-date=6 October 2019 |archive-date=11 April 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170411152140/https://historical.ha.com/itm/miscellaneous/georg-wittig-nobel-prize-medal-in-chemistry-received-in-1979-together-with-four-additional-medals/a/6165-49227.s |url-status=live }}</ref> although Bohr's medal temporarily went to space with [[Andreas Mogensen]] on [[International Space Station|ISS]] [[Expedition 70]] in 2023-2024.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Howell |first1=Elizabeth |title=Astronaut shows off vintage Nobel Prize in space — and talks 'quantum dots' ISS experiment (video) |url=https://www.space.com/international-space-station-nobel-prize-experiment |website=[[Space.com]] |date=12 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Andreas Mogensen leverer Nobelprismedalje retur til Frederiksborg |url=https://dnm.dk/pressepakke/andreas-mogensen-leverer-nobelpris-medalje-retur-til-frederiksborg/ |website=Frederiksborg |language=da-DK |date=14 June 2024}}</ref>

Bohr kept the Institute running, but all the foreign scholars departed.{{sfn|Pais|1991|pp=480–481}}