Editing Monsoon (section)

=== Africa (West African and Southeast African) {{anchor|Africa}}===
[[Image:Saison des pluies à Mayotte.jpg|thumb|Southeast African monsoon clouds over [[Mayotte]]]]

The monsoon of western [[Sub-Saharan Africa]] is the result of the seasonal shifts of the [[Intertropical Convergence Zone]] and the great seasonal temperature and humidity differences between the [[Sahara]] and the equatorial Atlantic Ocean.<ref>{{cite web|author=African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) |title=Characteristics of the West African Monsoon |url=http://www.amma-international.org/article.php3?id_article=10 |publisher=AMMA |access-date=2009-10-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712202355/http://www.amma-international.org/article.php3?id_article=10 |archive-date=July 12, 2007 }}</ref> The ITCZ migrates northward from the equatorial Atlantic in February, reaches western Africa on or near June 22, then moves back to the south by October.<ref name="inno"/> The dry, northeasterly [[trade winds]], and their more extreme form, the [[harmattan]], are interrupted by the northern shift in the [[Intertropical Convergence Zone|ITCZ]] and resultant southerly, rain-bearing winds during the summer. The semiarid [[Sahel]] and [[Sudan (region)|Sudan]] depend upon this pattern for most of their precipitation.