Editing Minimalism (section)

== Music ==
{{Main|Minimal music}}
The term "minimal music" was derived around 1970 by [[Michael Nyman]] from the concept of minimalism, which was earlier applied to the [[visual arts]].<ref name=Bernard93>{{cite journal|last=Bernard|first=Jonathan W.|title=The Minimalist Aesthetic in the Plastic Arts and in Music|journal=[[Perspectives of New Music]]|date=Winter 1993|volume=31|issue=1|page=87|doi=10.2307/833043|jstor=833043}}, citing Dan Warburton as his authority.</ref><ref name=Warburton88>{{cite web|last=Warburton|first=Dan|title=A Working Terminology for Minimal Music|url=http://www.paristransatlantic.com/magazine/archives/minimalism.html|access-date=11 January 2014|archive-date=21 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121030204/http://www.paristransatlantic.com/magazine/archives/minimalism.html|url-status=live}}</ref> More precisely, it was in a 1968 review in ''[[The Spectator]]'' that Nyman first used<ref name=Spectator2018>{{cite web|last=Spectator|title=The Birth of Minimalism|date=6 December 2018|url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/the-birth-of-minimalism/|access-date=3 June 2023|archive-date=3 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603224504/https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/the-birth-of-minimalism/|url-status=live}}, but note that although this article claims that Nyman's article was "The Origin of Minimalism", that word appears nowhere in the text</ref> the term, to describe a ten-minute piano composition by the Danish composer [[Henning Christiansen]], along with several other unnamed pieces played by [[Charlotte Moorman]] and [[Nam June Paik]] at the [[Institute of Contemporary Arts]] in London.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Nyman|first=Michael|author-link=Michael Nyman|date=11 October 1968|title=Minimal Music|magazine=[[The Spectator]]|volume=221|number=7320|pages=518–519 (519)}}</ref>

However, the roots of minimal music are older. In France, [[Yves Klein]] allegedly conceived his ''Monotone Symphony'' (formally ''The Monotone-Silence Symphony'') between 1947 or 1949<ref>{{cite web|title=Yves Klein (1928–1962)|url=http://www.yveskleinarchives.org/documents/bio_us.html|work=documents/biography|publisher=Yves Klein Archives & McDourduff|access-date=12 May 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530082903/http://www.yveskleinarchives.org/documents/bio_us.html|archive-date=30 May 2013}}</ref> (but premiered only in 1960), a work that consisted of a single 20-minute sustained chord followed by a 20-minute silence.<ref>Gilbert Perlein & Bruno Corà (eds) & al., ''Yves Klein: Long Live the Immaterial!'' ("An anthological retrospective", catalog of an exhibition held in 2000), New York: Delano Greenidge, 2000, {{ISBN|978-0-929445-08-3}}, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=baJPAAAAMAAJ&q=%22This+symphony%2C+40+minutes+in+length+(in+fact+20+minutes+followed+by+20+minutes+of+silence)%22 226] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728210338/https://books.google.com/books?id=baJPAAAAMAAJ&q=%22This+symphony,+40+minutes+in+length+(in+fact+20+minutes+followed+by+20+minutes+of+silence)%22 |date=28 July 2023 }}: "This symphony, 40 minutes in length (in fact 20 minutes followed by 20 minutes of silence) is constituted of a single 'sound' stretched out, deprived of its attack and end which creates a sensation of vertigo, whirling the sensibility outside time."</ref><ref>See also at YvesKleinArchives.org [http://www.yveskleinarchives.org/works/works14_us.html a 1998 sound excerpt of ''The Monotone Symphony''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208181614/http://www.yveskleinarchives.org/works/works14_us.html |date=2008-12-08 }} (Flash plugin required), [http://www.yveskleinarchives.org/works/works14_texte_en.html its short description] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028020545/http://www.yveskleinarchives.org/works/works14_texte_en.html |date=2008-10-28 }}, and Klein's [http://www.yvesklein.com/fr/documents/view/19721/yves-klein-manifeste-de-l-hotel-chelsea/?of=65 "Chelsea Hotel Manifesto"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613062110/http://yveskleinarchives.org/documents/chelsea_content_us.html |date=2010-06-13 }} (including a summary of the 2-part ''Symphony'').</ref>