Editing Michelangelo (section)

===Rome, 1534–1546===
[[File:Last Judgement by Michelangelo.jpg|thumb|''[[The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)|The Last Judgment]]'' (1534–1541)]]

In Rome, Michelangelo lived near the church of [[Santa Maria di Loreto (Rome)|Santa Maria di Loreto]]. It was at this time that he met the poet [[Vittoria Colonna]], marchioness of [[Pescara]], who was to become one of his closest friends until her death in 1547.<ref name="A. Condivi p. 103">A. Condivi (ed. Hellmut Wohl), ''The Life of Michelangelo'', p. 103, Phaidon, 1976.</ref>

Shortly before his death in 1534, Pope Clement VII commissioned Michelangelo to paint a fresco of ''[[The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)|The Last Judgment]]'' on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel. His successor, [[Pope Paul III]], was instrumental in seeing that Michelangelo began and completed the project, which he laboured on from 1534 to October 1541.<ref name=Bartz134/> The fresco depicts the Second Coming of Christ and his Judgement of the souls. Michelangelo ignored the usual artistic conventions in portraying Jesus, showing him as a massive, muscular figure, youthful, beardless and naked.<ref name=Bartz100/> He is surrounded by saints, among whom [[Saint Bartholomew]] holds a drooping flayed skin, bearing the likeness of Michelangelo. The dead rise from their graves, to be consigned either to Heaven or to Hell.<ref name=Bartz100>Bartz and König, pp. 100–02.</ref>

Once completed, the depiction of Christ and the Virgin Mary naked was considered sacrilegious, and [[Pope Paul IV|Cardinal Carafa]] and Monsignor Sernini ([[Mantua]]'s ambassador) campaigned to have the fresco removed or censored, but the Pope resisted. At the [[Council of Trent]], shortly before Michelangelo's death in 1564, it was decided to obscure the genitals and [[Daniele da Volterra]], an apprentice of Michelangelo, was commissioned to make the alterations.<ref>Bartz and König, pp. 102, 109.</ref> An uncensored copy of the original, by [[Marcello Venusti]], is in the [[Museo di Capodimonte|Capodimonte Museum]] of [[Naples]].<ref name="Goldscheider1962 20">{{cite book |last1=Buonarroti |first1=Michelangelo |last2=Goldscheider |first2=Ludwig |title=Michelangelo: Paintings, Sculptures, Architecture |year=1962 |publisher=Phaidon Publishers |page=20,  Appendix Plate XXX |url=https://archive.org/details/michaelangelo0000unse_h2o4/page/20/mode/2up}}</ref>

Michelangelo worked on a number of architectural projects at this time. They included a design for the [[Capitoline Hill]] with its trapezoid piazza displaying the ancient bronze statue of [[Marcus Aurelius]]. He designed the upper floor of the [[Palazzo Farnese]] and the interior of the Church of [[Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri|Santa Maria degli Angeli]], in which he transformed the vaulted interior of an Ancient Roman bathhouse. Other architectural works include [[San Giovanni dei Fiorentini]], the Sforza Chapel (Capella Sforza) in the [[Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore]] and the [[Porta Pia]].<ref name="Goldscheider1962 8">{{cite book |last1=Buonarroti |first1=Michelangelo |last2=Goldscheider |first2=Ludwig |title=Michelangelo: Paintings, Sculptures, Architecture |year=1962 |publisher=Phaidon Publishers |page=8 |url=https://archive.org/details/michaelangelo0000unse_h2o4/page/8/mode/2up}}</ref>