Editing Lepidoptera (section)

===Reproductive system===
In the [[Lepidoptera genitalia|reproductive system of butterflies and moths]], the male [[genitalia]] are complex and unclear. In females the three types of genitalia are based on the relating taxa: 'monotrysian', 'exoporian', and 'ditrysian'. In the monotrysian type is an opening on the fused segments of the sterna 9 and 10, which act as insemination and oviposition. In the exoporian type (in [[Hepialoidea]] and [[Mnesarchaeoidea]]) are two separate places for insemination and oviposition, both occurring on the same sterna as the monotrysian type, i.e. 9 and 10.<ref name="Gillot"/> The ditrysian groups have an internal duct that carries sperm, with separate openings for copulation and egg-laying.<ref name="Resh & Carde"/> In most species, the genitalia are flanked by two soft lobes, although they may be specialized and sclerotized in some species for ovipositing in area such as crevices and inside plant tissue.<ref name="Gillot"/> Hormones and the glands that produce them run the development of butterflies and moths as they go through their life cycles, called the [[endocrine system]]. The first insect hormone [[prothoracicotropic hormone]] (PTTH) operates the species life cycle and [[#Diapause|diapause]].<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.2307/1538279|pmid=20268135|year=1947|last1=Williams|first1=C. M.|title=Physiology of insect diapause. ii. interaction between the pupal brain and prothoracic glands in the metamorphosis of the giant silkworm, ''Platysamia cecropia''|journal=The Biological Bulletin|volume=93|issue=2|pages=89–98|jstor=1538279|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/34159}}</ref> This hormone is produced by [[corpora allata]] and [[corpus cardiacum|corpora cardiaca]], where it is also stored. Some glands are specialized to perform certain task such as producing silk or producing saliva in the palpi.<ref name="Gullan">{{cite book |last=Gullan |first=P. J. |author2=P. S. Cranston |title=The Insects: An Outline of Entomology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7yGZasJ7nEC&q=Insects |publisher=Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated |location=Oxford |date=22 March 2010 |edition=4 |isbn=978-1-4443-3036-6 |access-date=8 October 2020 |archive-date=1 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210601163209/https://books.google.com/books?id=S7yGZasJ7nEC&q=Insects |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Rp|65, 75}} While the corpora cardiaca produce PTTH, the corpora allata also produces juvenile hormones, and the prothorocic glands produce moulting hormones.