Editing Joseph Stiglitz (section)

==Government==
===Clinton administration===
[[File:Néstor Kirchner with Joseph Stiglitz.jpg|thumb|[[Néstor Kirchner]] (''right'') with Joseph Stiglitz]]
Stiglitz joined the [[Presidency of Bill Clinton|Clinton Administration]] in 1993,<ref>{{cite web | title = Brief Biography of Joseph E. Stiglitz | url = http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/bio.cfm | website = columbia.edu | publisher = [[Columbia University]] | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110829164327/http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/bio.cfm | archive-date = 2011-08-29 }}</ref> serving first as a member during 1993–1995, and was then appointed Chairman of the [[Council of Economic Advisers]] on June 28, 1995.<ref name="NOBEL1"/>

Stiglitz always had a poor relationship with Treasury Secretary [[Lawrence Summers]].<ref>{{cite news | last = Hirsh | first = Michael | title = Why Washington ignores an economic prophet | url = http://europe.newsweek.com/why-washington-ignores-economic-prophet-81985?rm=eu | work = [[Newsweek]] |publisher=Newsweek LLC |date = 18 July 2009 }}</ref> In 2000, Summers successfully petitioned for Stiglitz's removal, supposedly in exchange for World Bank President [[James Wolfensohn]]'s re-appointment{{snd}}an exchange that Wolfensohn denies took place. Whether Summers ever made such a blunt demand is questionable{{snd}} Wolfensohn claims he would "have told him to *** himself".<ref>Mallaby, ''The World's Banker'', p. 266.</ref>

Stiglitz resigned from the World Bank in January 2000, a month before his term expired.<ref name=DANGEROUS>{{cite web | last = Hage | first = Dave |url=http://www.commondreams.org/views/101100-101.htm |title=Joseph Stiglitz: A Dangerous Man, A World Bank Insider Who Defected | work = [[Star Tribune]] |publisher=Commondreams.org | location = Minneapolis |date=October 11, 2000 |access-date=October 29, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814032443/http://www.commondreams.org/views/101100-101.htm |archive-date=August 14, 2013 }}</ref> The [[World Bank|Bank's president]], James Wolfensohn, announced Stiglitz's resignation in November 1999 and also announced that Stiglitz would stay on as Special Advisor to the President, and would chair the search committee for a successor.

{{blockquote|Joseph E. Stiglitz said today [Nov. 24, 1999] that he would resign as the World Bank's chief economist after using the position for nearly three years to raise pointed questions about the effectiveness of conventional approaches to helping poor countries.<ref name=RESIGN>{{cite news | last = Stevenson | first = Richard W. |title= Outspoken chief economist leaving World Bank | url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9801EFDB163FF936A15752C1A96F958260 | work = [[The New York Times]] |date=November 25, 1999 |access-date=October 29, 2013}}</ref>}}

In this role, he continued criticism of the IMF, and, by implication, the US Treasury Department. In April 2000, in an article for ''[[The New Republic]]'', he wrote:

{{blockquote|They'll say the IMF is arrogant. They'll say the IMF doesn't really listen to the developing countries it is supposed to help. They'll say the IMF is secretive and insulated from democratic accountability. They'll say the IMF's economic 'remedies' often make things worse{{snd}} turning slowdowns into recessions and recessions into depressions. And they'll have a point. I was chief economist at the World Bank from 1996 until last November, during the gravest global economic crisis in a half-century. I saw how the IMF, in tandem with the U.S. Treasury Department, responded. And I was appalled.}}

Stiglitz's protector-of-sorts at the World Bank, Wolfensohn, had privately empathized with Stiglitz's views, but was worried for his second term, which Summers had threatened to veto.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} Stanley Fischer, deputy managing director of the IMF, called a special staff meeting and informed the gathering that Wolfensohn had agreed to fire Stiglitz. Meanwhile, the bank's [[Foreign policy|External Affairs]] department told the press that Stiglitz had not been fired; his post had merely been abolished.<ref name=WADE>{{cite book | last = Wade | first = Robert | title = US hegemony and the World Bank: Stiglitz's firing and Kanbur's resignation | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080529110008/http://sociology.berkeley.edu/faculty/evans/evans_pdf/Wade.pdf | archive-date = 29 May 2008 | url = http://sociology.berkeley.edu/faculty/evans/evans_pdf/Wade.pdf | publisher = [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]] }}</ref>

In a September 19, 2008 radio interview, with [[Aimee Allison]] and Philip Maldari on [[Pacifica Foundation|Pacifica Radio]]'s [[KPFA]] 94.1&nbsp;FM in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], United States, Stiglitz implied that President Clinton and his economic advisors would not have backed the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) had they been aware of stealth provisions, inserted by lobbyists, that they overlooked.

===Initiative for Policy Dialogue===
{{Main|Initiative for Policy Dialogue}}
In July 2000, Stiglitz founded the [[Initiative for Policy Dialogue]].<ref name="NOBEL1"/>

===Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress===
At the beginning of 2008, Stiglitz chaired the [[Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress]], also known as the Stiglitz-[[Amartya Sen|Sen]]-[[Jean-Paul Fitoussi|Fitoussi]] Commission, initiated by President Sarkozy of France. The Commission held its first plenary meeting on April 22–23, 2008, in Paris. Its final report was made public on September 14, 2009.<ref>{{cite web | title = Stiglitz documentation | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150720212135/http://www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr/en/index.htm | archive-date = 20 July 2015 | url = http://www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr/en/index.htm | publisher = Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress | date = September 14, 2009 }}</ref>

===Commission of Experts on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System===
[[File:Stiglitz - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting Davos 2009.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|Stiglitz at the [[World Economic Forum]] annual meeting in [[Davos]], 2009]]

In 2009, Stiglitz chaired the [[Commission of Experts on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System]] which was convened by the [[President of the United Nations General Assembly]] "to review the workings of the [[global financial system]], including major bodies such as the [[World Bank]] and the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]], and to suggest steps to be taken by Member States to secure a more [[sustainability|sustainable]] and [[global justice|just global economic order]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/ga/president/63/commission/background.shtml|title=Terms of Reference Commission of Experts of the President of the United Nations General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System|access-date=May 27, 2009}}</ref> Its final report was released on September 21, 2009.<ref>[https://www.un.org/ga/president/63/commission/financial_commission.shtml The Commission of Experts of the President of the UN General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System], UN General Assembly</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=NGLS |url=http://www.un-ngls.org/spip.php?page=cfr |title=Commission of Experts on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System, official site |publisher=Un-ngls.org |access-date=October 29, 2013 |archive-date=June 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623211705/http://www.un-ngls.org/spip.php?page=cfr |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Greek debt crisis===
In 2010, Stiglitz acted as an advisor to the [[Government of Greece|Greek government]] during the [[Greek debt crisis]]. He appeared on [[Bloomberg Television|Bloomberg TV]] for an interview on the risks of Greece defaulting, in which he stated that he was very confident that Greece would not default. He went on to say that Greece was under "speculative attack" and though it had "short-term liquidity problems ... and would benefit from Solidarity Bonds", the country was "on track to meet its obligations".<ref>{{Cite news|date=2010-06-01|title=Euro Likely to Survive Debt Crisis, Stiglitz Says|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-06-01/euro-likely-to-survive-continent-s-debt-crisis-nobel-winner-stiglitz-says|access-date=2021-02-17}}</ref>

The next day, during a BBC interview, Stiglitz stated that "there's no problem of Greece or Spain meeting their interest payments". He argued nonetheless, that it would be desirable and needed for all of Europe to make a clear statement of belief in social solidarity and that they "stand behind Greece". Confronted with the statement: "Greece's difficulty is that the magnitude of debt is far greater than the capacity of the economy to service", Stiglitz replied, "That's rather absurd".{{Citation needed|date=June 2015}}

In 2012, Stiglitz described the European austerity plans as a "suicide-pact".<ref name=Moore1>{{cite news|last=Moore|first=Malcolm|title=Stiglitz says European austerity plans are a 'suicide pact'|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/9019819/Stiglitz-says-European-austerity-plans-are-a-suicide-pact.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/9019819/Stiglitz-says-European-austerity-plans-are-a-suicide-pact.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=April 26, 2012|newspaper=Telegraph|date=Jan 17, 2012|location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In 2015, he said that the programmer of austerity in Greece had been "an enormous mistake", that the International Monetary Fund, [[European Central Bank]] and the [[European Commission]] had "criminal responsibility for causing a major recession".<ref name="Time_2015">{{cite magazine |last1=Shuster |first1=Simon |title=Joseph Stiglitz to Greece's Creditors: Abandon Austerity Or Face Global Fallout |url=https://time.com/3939621/stiglitz-greece |access-date=24 April 2023 |magazine=Time |date=29 June 2015}}</ref> He argued that Greek debt should be written off.<ref name="Time_2015"/>

===Scotland===
Since March 2012, Stiglitz has been a member of the [[Scottish Government]]'s Fiscal Commission Working Group, which oversees the work to establish a fiscal and macroeconomic framework for an [[Scottish independence|independent Scotland]] on behalf of the Scottish [[Council of Economic Advisers (Scotland)|Council of Economic Advisers]]. Together with Professors [[Andrew Hughes Hallett]], Sir [[James Mirrlees]] and [[Frances Ruane]], Stiglitz will "advise on the establishment of a credible Fiscal Commission which entrenches financial responsibility and ensures market confidence".<ref>{{cite web | last = Staff writer | title = Fiscal Commission Working Group | archive-url = https://wayback.archive-it.org/3011/20130201194612/http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/2012/03/fiscal-commission25032012 | archive-date = 1 February 2013 | url = http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/2012/03/fiscal-commission25032012 | publisher = The Scottish Government | date = 25 March 2012 }}</ref>

===Labour Party===
In July 2015, Stiglitz endorsed [[Jeremy Corbyn]]'s [[2015 Jeremy Corbyn Labour Party leadership campaign|campaign]] in the [[2015 Labour Party (UK) leadership election|Labour Party leadership election]]. He said: "I am not surprised at all that there is a demand for a strong anti-austerity movement around increased concern about inequality. The promises of [[New Labour]] in the UK and of the Clintonites in the US have been a disappointment."<ref name="theguardian">{{cite news |last=Macalister|first=Terry|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jul/26/joseph-stiglitz-jeremy-corbyn-labour-leadership-contender-anti-austerity|title=Joseph Stiglitz: unsurprising Jeremy Corbyn is a Labour leadership contender|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=26 July 2015|access-date=15 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="independent">{{cite news |last=Segalov|first=Michael|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/nobel-prize-winning-economist-joseph-stiglitz-is-not-surprised-at-success-of-the-corbyn-campaign-10418090.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220617/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/nobel-prize-winning-economist-joseph-stiglitz-is-not-surprised-at-success-of-the-corbyn-campaign-10418090.html |archive-date=2022-06-17 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Jeremy Corbyn is favourite for Labour leadership because party has 'wimped out', says Nobel Prize winner Joseph Stiglitz|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=27 July 2015|access-date=15 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="cityam">{{cite news |last=Papadopoullos|first=Chris|url=http://www.cityam.com/220973/stiglitz-i-m-not-shocked-labour-lurch|title=Economist Joseph Stiglitz not shocked by Labour lurch: The rise of Jeremy Corbyn gets a big supporter|publisher=[[City A.M.]]|date=27 July 2015|access-date=15 July 2017}}</ref>

On September 27, 2015, it was announced that he had been appointed to the [[Labour Party (UK)|British Labour Party's]] [[Economic Advisory Committee]], convened by [[Shadow Chancellor]] [[John McDonnell (politician)|John McDonnell]] and reporting to [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party Leader]] Jeremy Corbyn,<ref name="LP01">{{cite web |title=Labour announces new Economic Advisory Committee |publisher=Labour Press |date=27 September 2015 |url=http://press.labour.org.uk/post/129975218774/labour-announces-new-economic-advisory-committee |access-date=11 March 2016}}</ref> although he reportedly failed to attend the first meeting.<ref name="NS03">{{cite magazine |last=Chakelian |first=Anoosh |title="Labour must get real about the economy": is Corbyn's economic advisory board unravelling? |magazine=[[New Statesman]] |date=27 January 2016 |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/economy/2016/01/labour-must-get-real-about-economy-corbyn-s-economic-advisory-board |access-date=11 March 2016}}</ref>