Editing John Zorn (section)

===Concert music===
As Zorn's interest in Naked City waned, he "started hearing classical music in [his] head again."<ref>McCutchen, A. (1999) ''The Muse that Sings: Composers Speak about the Creative Process'' Oxford University Press: New York, p. 167.</ref> Zorn started working on compositions that drew on chamber music arrangements of strings, percussion and electronic instruments. ''[[Elegy (John Zorn album)|Elegy]]'', a suite dedicated to [[Jean Genet]], was released in 1992.<ref>Butler, B. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/elegy-mw0000883240 Allmusic Review: Elegy], accessed November 4, 2013.</ref>

The establishment of Tzadik allowed him to release many compositions which he had written over the previous two decades for classical ensembles. Zorn's earliest released classical composition, ''Christabel'' (1972) for five flutes, first appeared on ''[[Angelus Novus (album)|Angelus Novus]]'' in 1998.<ref>Proefrock, S. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/angelus-novus-mw0000380852 Allmusic Review: "Angelus Novus"]; accessed November 4, 2013.</ref> He credits the composition of his 1988 [[string quartet]] ''Cat O' Nine Tails'' (commissioned and released by the [[Kronos Quartet]] on ''[[Short Stories (Kronos Quartet album)|Short Stories]]'') to awakening him to the possibilities of writing for classical musicians. This composition also appeared on ''[[The String Quartets (John Zorn album)|The String Quartets]]'' (1999) and ''[[Cartoon S/M]]'' (2000) along with variations on "Kol Nidre", inspired by the [[Kol Nidre|Jewish prayer of atonement]] which was written at the same time as the first Masada Book.<ref>Tommasini, A [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9902EEDC163CF936A35751C1A9679C8B63 "Finding, and Savoring, A Muse in 'McHale's Navy'"], nytimes.com, December 5, 2001.</ref>

''[[Aporias: Requia for Piano and Orchestra]]'' (1998) was Zorn's first full-scale orchestral release featuring pianist [[Stephen Drury (musician)|Stephen Drury]], the Hungarian Radio Children's Choir and the [[American Composers Orchestra]] conducted by [[Dennis Russell Davies]].<ref>Layne, J. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/aporias-requia-for-piano-orchestra-mw0001028126 Allmusic Review: Aporias: Requia for Piano and Orchestra]; accessed November 5, 2013.</ref>

Much of Zorn's classical work is dedicated or inspired by artists who have influenced him: 
* ''[[Duras: Duchamp]]'' (1997) contains tributes to [[Marguerite Duras]] and [[Olivier Messiaen]]<ref>Proefrock, S. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/duras-duchamp-mw0000914071 Allmusic Review: Duras: Duchamp], accessed November 5, 2013</ref>
* ''[[Songs from the Hermetic Theatre]]'' (2001) features compositions dedicated to [[Harry Everett Smith|Harry Smith]], [[Joseph Beuys]], and [[Maya Deren]]<ref>Jurek, T. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/songs-from-the-hermetic-theatre-mw0000128274 Allmusic Review: Songs from the Hermetic Theatre], accessed November 5, 2013</ref>
* ''[[Madness, Love and Mysticism]]'' (2001) featured ''Le Mômo'', inspired by [[Antonin Artaud]], and ''Untitled'', dedicated to [[Joseph Cornell]]<ref>Jurek, T. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/madness-love-and-mysticism-mw0000586700 Allmusic Review: Madness, Love and Mysticism], accessed November 5, 2013</ref>
* ''[[Chimeras (album)|Chimeras]]'' (2001) was based on [[Arnold Schoenberg]]'s atonal composition, ''[[Pierrot Lunaire]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tzadik.com/index.php?catalog=7085|title=Welcome to Tzadik|website=Tzadik.com}}</ref>
Several of Zorn's later concert works drew inspiration from mysticism and the works of [[Aleister Crowley]] in particular; ''[[Magick (album)|Magick]]'' (2004) featured a group called the Crowley Quartet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tzadik.com/index.php?catalog=8006|title=Welcome to Tzadik|website=Tzadik.com}}</ref> A 2009 performance of the album's centerpiece ''Necronomicon'' was described as "...&nbsp;frenetic vortexes of violent, abrasive motion, separated by eerily becalmed, suspenseful sections with moody, even prayerful melodies. The music is sensational and evocative, but never arbitrary; you always sense a guiding hand behind the mayhem".<ref>Smith, S. [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F00E7DB1631F937A35757C0A96F9C8B63&scp=2&sq=John+Zorn&st=nyt Music in Review], ''NY Times'', April 4, 2009.</ref>

Later works expanded to include vocal and operatic works; ''[[Mysterium (John Zorn album)|Mysterium]]'' released in 2005 featured ''Frammenti del Sappho'' for female chorus;<ref>Sanderson, B. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/mysterium-mw0000390882 Allmusic Review: Mysterium], accessed November 5, 2013</ref> ''[[Rituals (John Zorn album)|Rituals]]'' (2005) featured Zorn's opera composed for the [[Bayreuth Festival|Bayreuth Opera Festival]] in 1998;<ref>Sanderson, B. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/rituals-mw0001412828 Allmusic Review: Rituals]; accessed November 5, 2013.</ref> and ''La Machine de l'Être'' composed in 2000, premiered at the [[New York City Opera]] in 2011, and recorded for the 2012 album ''[[Music and Its Double]]''.<ref>Woolfe, Z. [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/20/arts/music/john-zorns-machine-de-letre-and-city-opera.html?pagewanted=all To Get to City Opera, Mr. Downtown Practiced Eclecticism], NY Times, March 16, 2011</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tzadik.com/index.php?catalog=8092|title=Welcome to Tzadik|website=Tzadik.com}}</ref>

Zorn's concert works have been performed all over the world and he has received commissions from the [[New York Philharmonic]], [[Brooklyn Philharmonic]] and [[BBC Radio 3]].<ref>liner notes to ''Madness, Love and Mysticism'' (2001) Tzadik: New York</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=BBC SSO explore the kaleidoscopic world of John Zorn|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/orchestras/bbcsso/about/news/john_zorn.shtml|publisher=BBC|access-date=January 14, 2013}}</ref>