Editing Indian National Army (section)

===Repatriation to India===
{{See also|CSDIC(I)}}
[[File:Surrendered Indian National Army troops at Mount Popa.jpg|thumb|250px|Troops of the Indian National Army who surrendered at [[Mount Popa]]. ''Circa'' April 1945.]]
Even before the end of the war in South Asia, the INA prisoners who were falling into Allied hands were being evaluated by forwarding intelligence units for potential trials.<ref name=Fay436>{{Harvnb|Fay|1993|p=436}}</ref> Almost fifteen hundred had been captured in the battles of Imphal and Kohima and the subsequent withdrawal,<ref name=Lebra2008p200>{{Harvnb|Lebra|2008|p=200}}</ref> while larger numbers surrendered or were captured during the 14th Army's Burma Campaign. A total of 16,000 of the INA's 43,000 recruits were captured, of whom around 11,000 were interrogated by the [[CSDIC(I)|Combined Services Directorate of Investigation Corps]] (CSDIC).<ref name=Fay459>{{Harvnb|Fay|1993|p=459}}</ref> The number of prisoners necessitated this selective policy which anticipated trials of those with the strongest commitment to Bose's ideologies. Those with lesser commitment or other extenuating circumstances would be dealt with more leniently, with the punishment proportional to their commitment or war crimes.<ref name=Singh38/> For this purpose, the field intelligence units designated the captured troops as ''Blacks'' with the strongest commitment to ''Azad Hind''; ''Greys'' with varying commitment but also with enticing circumstances that led them to join the INA; and ''Whites'', those who were pressured into joining the INA under the circumstances but with no commitment to ''Azad Hind'', INA, or Bose.<ref name=Singh39>{{Harvnb|Singh|2003|p=39}}</ref>

By July 1945, a large number had been shipped back to India. At the time of the fall of Japan, the remaining captured troops were transported to India via Rangoon. Large numbers of local Malay and Burmese volunteers, including the recruits to the Rani of Jhansi regiment, returned to civilian life and were not identified.<ref name=Singh38>{{Harvnb|Singh|2003|p=38}}</ref> Those repatriated passed through transit camps in Chittagong and [[Calcutta]] to be held at detention camps all over India including Jhingergacha and Nilganj near Calcutta, Kirkee outside Pune, [[Attock]], [[Multan]] and at Bahadurgarh near Delhi. Bahadurgarh also held prisoners of the Free India Legion.<ref name=Fay436/> By November, around 12,000 INA prisoners were held in these camps; they were released according to the "colours".<ref name=Fay436/> By December, around 600 ''Whites'' were released per week. The process to select those to face trial started.<ref name=Fay436/>

The British-Indian Army intended to implement appropriate internal disciplinary action against its soldiers who had joined the INA, whilst putting to trial a selected group in order to preserve discipline in the Indian Army and to award punishment for criminal acts where these had occurred.<ref name="Singh44and45">{{Harvnb|Singh|2003|p=44,45}}</ref> As news of the army spread within India, it began to draw widespread sympathy support and admiration from Indians.  Newspaper reports around November 1945 reported executions of INA troops,<ref>{{cite web
 |work   = Hindustan Times
 |url         = http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/specials/Netaji/images/nov_2_45.gif
 |title       = Many INA already executed.
 |access-date  = 2007-09-02
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070809180542/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/specials/Netaji/images/nov_2_45.gif
 |archive-date = 9 August 2007
 |df          = dmy-all
}}</ref> which worsened the already volatile situation. Increasingly violent confrontations broke out between the police and protesters at the mass rallies being held all over India, culminating in public riotings in support of the INA men.<ref>{{Harvnb|Chaudhuri|1953|p=351}}</ref><ref name=Sarkar419>{{Harvnb|Sarkar|1983|p=419}}</ref><ref name=Fay499>{{Harvnb|Fay|1993|p=499}}</ref> This public outcry defied traditional communal barriers of the subcontinent, representing a departure from the divisions between Hindus and Muslims seen elsewhere in the independence movement and [[Pakistan independence movement|campaign for Pakistan]].<ref name=Singh39and40>{{harvnb|Singh|2003|pp=39–40}}</ref>