Editing Hypoxia (medicine) (section)

=====Intrauterine hypoxia=====
{{main|Intrauterine hypoxia}}
Intrauterine hypoxia, also known as fetal hypoxia, occurs when the fetus is [[relative deprivation|deprived]] of an adequate supply of [[oxygen]].  It may be due to a variety of reasons such as [[prolapse]] or [[Vascular occlusion|occlusion]] of the [[umbilical cord]], [[placental infarction]], maternal diabetes (prepregnancy or [[gestational diabetes]])<ref name="Tarvonen et al 2021" /> and [[Smoking and pregnancy|maternal smoking]]. [[Intrauterine growth restriction]] may cause or be the result of hypoxia.  Intrauterine hypoxia can cause cellular damage that occurs within the [[central nervous system]] (the brain and spinal cord). This results in an increased mortality rate, including an increased risk of [[sudden infant death syndrome]] (SIDS). Oxygen deprivation in the fetus and neonate have been implicated as either a primary or as a contributing risk factor in numerous neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders such as [[epilepsy]], [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]], [[eating disorders]] and [[cerebral palsy]].<ref name="Maslova et al 2003" /><ref name="Habek et al 2002" /><ref name="Peleg et al 1998" /><ref name="Rosenberg 2008" /><ref name="Gonzalez and Miller 2006" /><ref name="Bulterys et al 1990" />