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===Alcohol=== Alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypothermia in two ways: [[vasodilation]] and temperature controlling systems in the brain.<ref name="Rosen's Ninth" /><ref name="Goodman & Gilman">{{Cite book|title='s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (13 ed.) |last1=Mihic |first1=John |last2=Koob |first2=George |last3=Mayfield |first3=Jody |last4=Harris |first4=Adron |last5=Brunton |first5=Laurence |last6=Hilal-Dandan |first6=Randa |last7=Knollmann |first7=Björn | name-list-style=vanc |publisher=McGraw-Hill Education |year=2017 |isbn=978-1259584732 |chapter=Ethanol}}</ref><ref name="Harrison's">{{Cite book|title=Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine | edition=20th |last1=Danzl |first1=Daniel |last2=Jameson |first2=Larry |last3=Fauci |first3=Anthony |last4=Kasper |first4=Dennis |last5=Hauser |first5=Stephen| name-list-style=vanc |publisher=McGraw-Hill Education |year=2018 |isbn=978-1259644030 |chapter=Hypothermia and Peripheral Cold Injuries}}</ref> Vasodilation increases blood flow to the skin, resulting in heat being lost to the environment.<ref name="Goodman & Gilman" /> This produces the effect of feeling warm, when one is actually losing heat.<ref name="Harrison's" /> Alcohol also affects the temperature-regulating system in the brain, decreasing the body's ability to shiver and use energy that would normally aid the body in generating heat.<ref name="Goodman & Gilman" /> The overall effects of alcohol lead to a decrease in body temperature and a decreased ability to generate body heat in response to cold environments.<ref name="Harrison's" /> Alcohol is a common risk factor for death due to hypothermia.<ref name="Goodman & Gilman" /> Between 33% and 73% of hypothermia cases are complicated by alcohol.<ref name="Rosen's Ninth" />
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