Editing Hyperglycemia (section)

===Stress===
A high proportion of patients with an acute stress such as [[stroke]] or [[myocardial infarction]] may develop hyperglycemia, even in the absence of a diagnosis of diabetes. {{citation needed span|(Or perhaps stroke or myocardial infarction was caused by hyperglycemia and undiagnosed diabetes.)|date=February 2023}} Human and animal studies suggest that this is not benign, and that stress-induced hyperglycemia is associated with a high risk of mortality after both stroke and myocardial infarction.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Capes SE, Hunt D, Malmberg K, Pathak P, Gerstein HC |title=Stress hyperglycemia and prognosis of stroke in nondiabetic and diabetic patients: a systematic overview |journal=Stroke |volume=32 |issue=10 |pages=2426–32 |year=2001 |pmid=11588337 |doi=10.1161/hs1001.096194 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Somatostatinomas and aldosteronoma-induced hypokalemia can cause hyperglycemia but usually disappears after the removal of the tumour.<ref name="ADA"/>

[[Stress (biology)|Stress]] causes hyperglycaemia via several mechanisms, including through metabolic and hormonal changes, and via increased proinflammatory cytokines that interrupt carbohydrate metabolism, leading to excessive glucose production and reduced uptake in tissues, can cause hyperglycemia.<ref name="Old">{{cite journal |title=Management of Inpatient Hyperglycemia and Diabetes in Older Adults |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=509–517 |year=2017 |last1=Umpierrez |first1=Guillermo E. |last2=Pasquel |first2=Francisco J. |pmid=28325798 |doi=10.2337/dc16-0989 |pmc=5864102}}</ref>

Hormones such as the growth hormone, glucagon, cortisol, and catecholamines, can cause hyperglycemia when they are present in the body in excess amounts.<ref name=ADA/>