Editing Hormone (section)

=== Vertebrates ===
{{Further|List of human hormones}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Hormone types in Vertebrates
!SN
!Types
!Description
|-
|1
|Proteins/
Peptides
|[[Peptide hormone]]s are made of a chain of [[amino acid]]s that can range from just 3 to hundreds. Examples include [[oxytocin]] and [[insulin]].<ref name="Belfiore_2018"/> Their sequences are encoded in [[DNA]] and can be modified by [[alternative splicing]] and/or [[post-translational modification]].<ref name="Molina_2018"/> They are packed in vesicles and are [[hydrophile|hydrophilic]], meaning that they are soluble in water. Due to their hydrophilicity, they can only bind to receptors on the membrane, as travelling through the membrane is unlikely. However, some hormones can bind to intracellular receptors through an [[intracrine]] mechanism.
|-
|2
|Amino Acid
Derivatives
|[[Amino acid]] hormones are derived from amino acids, most commonly [[Tyrosine]].  They are stored in vesicles. Examples include [[Melatonin]] and [[Thyroxine]].
|-
|3
|Steroids
|[[Steroid]] hormones are derived from cholesterol. Examples include the sex hormones [[estradiol]] and [[testosterone]] as well as the stress hormone [[cortisol]].<ref name="Marieb2">{{cite book| vauthors = Marieb E |title=Anatomy & physiology|publisher=Pearson Education, Inc|year=2014|isbn=978-0-321-86158-0|location=Glenview, IL}}</ref> Steroids contain four fused rings. They are [[lipophilic]] and hence can cross membranes to bind to intracellular [[nuclear receptor]]s.
|-
|4
|Eicosanoids
|[[Eicosanoid]]s hormones are derived from lipids such as [[arachidonic acid]], [[lipoxin]]s, thromboxanes and [[prostaglandin]]s. Examples include [[prostaglandin]] and [[thromboxane]]. These hormones are produced by [[cyclooxygenase]]s and [[lipoxygenase]]s. They are hydrophobic and act on membrane receptors.
|-
|5
|Gases
|Ethylene and Nitric Oxide
|}[[File:1802 Examples of Amine Peptide Protein and Steroid Hormone Structure.jpg|thumb|00px|Different types of hormones are secreted in the human body, with different biological roles and functions.]]