Editing History of physics (section)

===Johannes Kepler===
{{main|Johannes Kepler}}
[[File:Kepler-62f with 62e as Morning Star.jpg|upright=1.4|thumb|Artist's rendition of [[Kepler-62f]], a potentially habitable [[exoplanet]] discovered using data transmitted by [[Kepler space telescope]], named for Kepler]]
[[File:JKepler.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[Johannes Kepler]] (1571–1630)]]

[[Johannes Kepler]] (1571–1630) was a German [[astronomer]], [[German mathematician|mathematician]], [[astrologer]], [[Natural philosophy|natural philosopher]] and a key figure in the 17th century [[Scientific Revolution]], best known for his [[Kepler's laws of planetary motion|laws of planetary motion]], and his books ''[[Astronomia nova]]'', ''[[Harmonice Mundi]]'', and ''[[Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae]]'', influencing among others [[Isaac Newton]], providing one of the foundations for his theory of [[Newton's law of universal gravitation|universal gravitation]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Voelkel|first=James R.|date=2001|title=Commentary on Ernan McMullin, "The Impact of Newton's Principia on the Philosophy of Science"|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3080920|journal=Philosophy of Science|volume=68|issue=3|pages=319–326|doi=10.1086/392885|jstor=3080920|s2cid=144781947|issn=0031-8248}}</ref> The variety and impact of his work made Kepler one of the founders of modern [[astronomy]], the [[scientific method]], [[Natural science|natural]] and [[modern science]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dpma.de/english/our_office/publications/milestones/greatinventors/johanneskepler/index.html | title=DPMA &#124; Johannes Kepler }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/kepler/education/johannes |title=Johannes Kepler: His Life, His Laws and Times &#124; NASA |access-date=1 September 2023 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624003856/https://www.nasa.gov/kepler/education/johannes/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/kepler.html | title=Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics and You – Timeline – Johannes Kepler }}</ref>

Kepler was partly driven by his belief that there is an intelligible plan that is accessible through [[reason]].<ref>Barker and Goldstein. "Theological Foundations of Kepler's Astronomy", ''Osiris'', 16, 2001, pp.&nbsp;112–113.</ref> Kepler described his new astronomy as "celestial physics",<ref>Kepler. ''New Astronomy'', title page, tr. Donohue, pp.&nbsp;26–27</ref> as "an excursion into Aristotle's ''[[Metaphysics (Aristotle)|Metaphysics]]''",<ref>Kepler. ''New Astronomy'', p. 48</ref> and as "a supplement to Aristotle's ''[[On the Heavens]]''{{-"}},<ref>''Epitome of Copernican Astronomy'' in ''Great Books of the Western World'', Vol. 15, p. 845</ref> treating astronomy as part of a universal mathematical physics.<ref>Stephenson. ''Kepler's Physical Astronomy'', pp.&nbsp;1–2; Dear, ''Revolutionizing the Sciences'', pp.&nbsp;74–78</ref>