Editing Havana (section)

== Administration ==
{{See also|List of mayors of Havana}}

=== Spanish Colony (1550 - 1601) ===
The Havana City Council first started in 1550.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-10 |title=UNESCO recognizes the Acts of the Havana City Council {{!}} Arte por Excelencias |url=https://www.arteporexcelencias.com/en/events-500-aniversario/unesco-recognizes-acts-havana-city-council |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=www.arteporexcelencias.com |language=en}}</ref>

In 1557, the Council voted to ban all freed black men from owning taverns, inns, selling tabaco, or wine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cuban history timeline: 1492 thru 1775 |url=http://www.historyofcuba.com/history/time/timetbl1.html |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=www.historyofcuba.com}}</ref>

=== Captaincy General (1550 - 1898) ===
Under the [[Captaincy General of Cuba]], the Havana City Council existed.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-03 |title=Acts of the Havana City council (colonial period 1550-1898) - Memory of the World |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/acts-havana-city-council-colonial-period-1550-1898 |access-date=2025-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203232759/https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/acts-havana-city-council-colonial-period-1550-1898 |archive-date=3 December 2024 }}</ref>
[[File:Habana - Plaza de Armas y Ayuntamiento 01.jpg|thumb|City Hall and "Plaza de Armas", 1937]]

=== Republic of Cuba (1901 - 1959) ===
After the [[Cuban War of Independence]], Cuba created a new constitution in 1901.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Economic History and Economy of Cuba |url=https://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/cuba.htm |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=www.sjsu.edu}}</ref> The Havana City Council was re-innagurated on July 2, 1901.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=1901-07-02 |title=Havana City Council Inaugurated. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1901/07/02/archives/havana-city-council-inaugurated.html |access-date=2025-03-23 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Alfredo Zayas was briefly appointed mayor, followed by the installment of [[Miguel Gener|Miguel Gener y Rincón]], the acting Secretary of Justice of Cuba,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Department |first=United States War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4_hIAQAAMAAJ |title=Annual Reports of the War Department |date=1901 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |language=en}}</ref> after winning the [[1900 Cuban local elections]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alfredo Zayas |url=https://www.latinamericanstudies.org/zayas-bio.htm |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=www.latinamericanstudies.org}}</ref><ref>Averhoff Purón, Mario. ''Los primeros partidos políticos''. La Habana: Instituto Cubano del Libro, 1971. p. 66</ref><ref name=":3" />

In 1902, pending an investigation by [[Emilio Núñez]], Gener was removed as mayor of Havana by [[Leonard Wood]], after a vote of twenty-three out of twenty-five members of the City Council requested him to do so.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Salt Lake Herald {{!}} 1902-01-09 {{!}} Page 7 {{!}} Mayor of Havana Said to be a Boodler Already |url=https://newspapers.lib.utah.edu/details?id=10378420 |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=newspapers.lib.utah.edu |language=en}}</ref>

=== 1959 - 1989 ===
Under the Communist administration, the administrative makeup of the city was re-structured.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Toft |first=Nigel |date=2011 |title=Old Havana as an Exemplary Case of World Heritage Protection |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41945926 |journal=International Journal of Cuban Studies |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=32–42 |jstor=41945926 |issn=1756-3461}}</ref>

=== Modern era ===
The governor is [[Reinaldo García Zapata]],<ref name="eleccionesencuba.cu"/> he was elected on 18 January 2020.<ref name="tribuna.cu"/>

The city is administered by a city-provincial council, with a governor as chief administrative officer,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rodriguez |first=Andrea |date=18 January 2020 |title=Cuba elige gobernadores ajustándose a nueva Constitución |language=es |url=https://apnews.com/article/2fad9d6d53fa47b1a584e71fc5874506 |access-date=2022-07-26}}</ref> thus Havana functions as both a city and a province of Cuba. The city has little autonomy and is dependent upon the national government, particularly, for much of its budgetary and overall political direction.

[[File:Comité Central PCC.jpg|thumb|left|[[Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba|Comite Central del Partido Comunista de Cuba]] (Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party)]]

Voters elect delegates to Municipal Assemblies in competitive elections every five years, and the Municipal Assemblies are responsible for each of the city's boroughs. These assemblies elect the borough presidents and vice presidents, which are equivalents to mayors and vice mayors in the other provinces. There is only one political party, the [[Communist Party of Cuba|Communist Party]], but since there must be a minimum of two candidates, members of the Communist Party often run against each other. Candidates are not required to be members of the party. They are nominated directly by citizens in open meetings within each election district. Municipal Assembly delegates within the boroughs in turn elect members of the Provincial Council (until 2019 the Provincial Assembly), which in Havana serves roughly as the City Council; its president appoints the Governor and Vice Governor, who serve as the Mayor and Vice Mayor of Havana and can be either elected by the council or appointed by the president with council confirmation. There are direct elections for the city's deputies to the National Assembly based on slates, and a portion of the candidates is nominated at the local level. The People's Councils (Consejos Populares) consist of local city delegates who elect a full-time representative to preside over the body. These councils are directly responsible for the city's neighbourhoods and wards. In addition, there is involvement of "mass organizations" and representatives of local government agencies, industries and services. The 105 People's Councils in Havana cover an average of 20,000 residents.{{Citation needed|date=December 2021}}

Havana city borders are contiguous with the [[Mayabeque Province]] on the south and east and to [[Artemisa Province]] on the west, since former [[La Habana Province]] (rural) was abolished in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2024 |title=Proponen en Pleno del Partido dos nuevas provincias cubanas: Artemisa y Mayabeque (+ Infografía) |url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2010/06/07/cuba-tiene-dos-nuevas-provincias-artemisa-y-mayabeque/}}</ref>