Editing Hamilton, Ontario (section)

===Crime===
The [[Criminal Code of Canada]] is the chief piece of legislation defining criminal conduct and penalty. The [[Hamilton Police Service]] is chiefly responsible for the enforcement of federal and provincial law. Although the Hamilton Police Service has authority to enforce, bylaws passed by the Hamilton City Council are mainly enforced by Provincial Offences Officers employed by the City of Hamilton.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Statutes/English/90p33_e.htm#1.(3) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704233807/http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Statutes/English/90p33_e.htm#1.(3) |archive-date=July 4, 2007 |title=Provincial Offences Act (Requires navigation to article) |publisher=Ontario |access-date=January 4, 2008}}</ref>

In 2020, the city saw 18 murders and 51 shootings (up from 47 in 2019), the most shootings the city seen in at least a decade.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hamilton reports historic low in homicides for 2022, but shootings still high: police - Hamilton {{!}} Globalnews.ca |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/9441630/hamilton-historic-low-in-homicides-2022/ |access-date=August 4, 2023 |website=Global News |language=en-CA |archive-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804055815/https://globalnews.ca/news/9441630/hamilton-historic-low-in-homicides-2022/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |date=April 13, 2021 |title=Number and rate of homicide victims, by Census Metropolitan Areas |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510007101 |access-date=August 4, 2023 |website=Statistics Canada |archive-date=May 19, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519155616/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510007101 |url-status=live }}</ref> 2021 saw the homicides in the city increase to 20, giving the city a rate of around 3.5 per 100,000 residents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=January 1, 2021 |title=Hamilton, Ontario 2021 Homicide Victim List - Homicide Canada |url=https://homicidecanada.com/hamilton-ontario-2021-homicide-victim-list/ |access-date=August 24, 2023 |website=homicidecanada.com |language=en-CA |archive-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804055818/https://homicidecanada.com/hamilton-ontario-2021-homicide-victim-list/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="auto"/> Hamilton ranked first in Canada for police-reported hate crimes in 2016, with 12.5 hate crimes per 100,000 population.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2018001/article/54915-eng.htm |title=Police-reported hate crime in Canada, 2016 |last=Gaudet |first=Maxime |date=April 25, 2018 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=October 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021102435/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2018001/article/54915-eng.htm |archive-date=October 21, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Organized crime]] also has a notable presence in Hamilton<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nicole |first=O'Reilly |date=March 3, 2020 |title=Mob wars: An early history of Mafia in Hamilton |language=en-CA |work=The Hamilton Spectator |url=https://www.thespec.com/news/crime/2020/01/03/mob-wars-an-early-history-of-mafia-in-hamilton.html |access-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404155040/https://www.thespec.com/news/crime/2020/01/03/mob-wars-an-early-history-of-mafia-in-hamilton.html |url-status=live }}</ref> with three centralized Mafia organizations: the [[Luppino crime family]], the [[Papalia crime family]], and the [[Musitano crime family]].<ref name="Mobsters free">{{cite news |title=Unease as mobsters set free |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=b9fa5e38-48cb-40a0-b390-cbcd989d6e37 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629210748/http://www.nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=b9fa5e38-48cb-40a0-b390-cbcd989d6e37 |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 29, 2013 |newspaper=National Post |access-date=June 29, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thespec.com/news-story/7285963-a-short-history-of-mob-violence-in-hamilton/ |title=A short history of mob violence in Hamilton |newspaper=The Hamilton Spectator |date=May 3, 2017 |publisher=thespec.com |access-date=February 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202095224/https://www.thespec.com/news-story/7285963-a-short-history-of-mob-violence-in-hamilton/ |archive-date=February 2, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> Street gangs such as the Original/Oriental Blood Brothers & the Oriole Crescent Crips,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2008-12-06 |title=Police nab leader, drugs in bid to break gang |language=en |work=The Hamilton Spectator |url=https://www.thespec.com/news/hamilton-region/police-nab-leader-drugs-in-bid-to-break-gang/article_c16ec6c1-391e-5faf-8d93-7b4001f284f8.html |access-date=August 4, 2023 |issn=1189-9417 |archive-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804055816/https://www.thespec.com/news/hamilton-region/police-nab-leader-drugs-in-bid-to-break-gang/article_c16ec6c1-391e-5faf-8d93-7b4001f284f8.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Spectator |first=Paul Morse The Hamilton |date=2007-10-17 |title=Criminal enterprise |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/criminal-enterprise/article_0801cf50-3196-5807-808f-74b6edd216e2.html |access-date=August 4, 2023 |website=Toronto Star |language=en |archive-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804055806/https://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/criminal-enterprise/article_0801cf50-3196-5807-808f-74b6edd216e2.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and biker crews such as [[Satan's Choice MC]] and the [[Hells Angels]] also have presence in Hamilton.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thespec.com/news/hamilton-region/hail-hail-the-gangs-all-here/article_f08a41d9-24b0-5c07-8e19-99cdf26c6e8a.html? |title=Hail, hail, the gang's all here |newspaper=The Hamilton Spectator |publisher=thespec.com |date=June 7, 2011 |access-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804160910/https://www.thespec.com/news/hamilton-region/hail-hail-the-gangs-all-here/article_f08a41d9-24b0-5c07-8e19-99cdf26c6e8a.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kitchenerpost.ca/news-story/2216330-hamilton-biker-johnny-k-9-embroiled-in-b-c-gang-murder-plot/?li_source=li&li_medium=mobile_ymbii&li_pl=9be55fbe-23d9-4632-a50c-9b60fb3783f7&li_tr=mobile_ymbii |title=Hamilton biker 'Johnny K-9' embroiled in B.C. gang murder plot |publisher=kitchenerpost.ca |date=August 30, 2011 |access-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804160910/https://www.kitchenerpost.ca/news-story/2216330-hamilton-biker-johnny-k-9-embroiled-in-b-c-gang-murder-plot/?li_source=li&li_medium=mobile_ymbii&li_pl=9be55fbe-23d9-4632-a50c-9b60fb3783f7&li_tr=mobile_ymbii |url-status=dead}}</ref>