Editing Habakkuk (section)

==Commemoration==
===Christian===
On the [[Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar]], his feast day is December 2.{{sfnp|McBrien|2001|p=485}} In the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]], the twelve minor prophets are read in the [[Roman Breviary]] during the fourth and fifth weeks of November,{{sfnp|Batiffol|1898|p=265}} which are the last two weeks of the liturgical year, and his feast day is January 15.{{sfnp|Benedictine Monks|1920|p=131}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|While has been stated that the feastday of Habakkuk is January 15 in the Roman Liturgy, this is an error arising from confusion with the early Christian martyr Abachum or Abacus, who is recorded in the current [[Roman Martyrology]] on January 19, along with Saints [[Marius, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum|Marius, Martha, and Audifax]],{{sfnp|Martyrologium|2004}} all of whom are thought to have been martyred in 270 and buried that day or 20 January. Since 1969, these saints are no longer included in the [[General Roman Calendar]].{{sfnp|Calendarium|1969}} }} In 2011, he was commemorated with the other [[Minor Prophets]] in the [[Calendar of Saints (Armenian Apostolic Church)|calendar of saints]] of the [[Armenian Apostolic Church]] on February 8.{{sfnp|Armenian Church|2011}}

Habakkuk has also been commemorated in [[sculpture]]. In 1435,{{sfnp|Janson|1963|p=35}} the [[Florence|Florentine]] artist [[Donatello]] created a sculpture of the prophet for the bell tower of Florence.{{sfnp|Colvin|Blashfield|Hopkins|1903|p=25}} This statue, nicknamed ''[[Zuccone]]'' ("Big Head") because of the shape of the head, now resides in the [[Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Florence)|Museo dell'Opera del Duomo]]. The [[Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo]] in [[Rome]] contains a Baroque [[Habakkuk and the Angel (Bernini)|sculpture of Habakkuk]] by the 17th-century artist [[Gian Lorenzo Bernini|Bernini]].{{sfnp|Cook|1905|p=105}} Between 1800 and 1805, the [[Brazil]]ian sculptor [[Aleijadinho]] completed a [[soapstone]] sculpture of Habakkuk as part of his [[Twelve Prophets of Aleijadinho|''Twelve Prophets'']].{{sfnp|Bretas|2002|p=74}} The figures are arranged around the forecourt and monumental stairway in front of the ''Santuário do Bom Jesus do Matosinhos'' at [[Congonhas]].{{sfnp|Kubler|Soria|1959|p=195}}

===Islam===
====Ali al-Ridha debate at al-Ma'mun's court====
Although not mentioned by name in the Qu'ran, Habakkuk ({{Langx|ar|حبقوق|translit=Hab'aqūq}}), is recognized as an Islamic prophet because he is believed to herald the coming of last prophet and divine scripture [[Muhammad]] and the Qu'ran in the Book of Habakkuk.

In the court of [[Al-Ma'mun]], Imam [[Ali al-Ridha]], a descendant of [[Muhammad]] and chief Islamic scholar in the time of the [[Abbasid Caliphs]], was asked by the [[Exilarch]] to prove that Muhammad was a prophet through the [[Torah]]. Imam Ridha asks "Do you know the prophet Habakkuk?" He said, "Yes. I know of him." al-Ridha said, "and this is narrated in your book, 'Allah brought down speech on Mount Faran, and the heavens were filled with the glorification of Muhammad and his community. His horse carries him over water as it carries him over land. He will bring a new book to us after the ruin of the holy house [the temple in Jerusalem].' What is meant by this book is the Qur'an. Do you know this and believe in it?" The Exilarch said, "Habakkuk the prophet has said this and we do not deny what he said."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Qai'm|first1=Mahdi Muntazir|title=Jesus Through the Qur'an and Shi'ite Narrations|date=2007|publisher=Tahrike Tarsile Qur'an|location=Queens, New York|isbn=978-1879402140|page=48|edition=Bilingual}}</ref>

====Further evidence of prophethood====
Although the Quran only mentions around twenty-five [[prophet]]s by name, and alludes to a few others, it has been a cardinal doctrine of Islam that many more prophets were sent by [[God]] who are not mentioned in the scripture.<ref>Cf. Qur'an 16:36</ref> Thus, Muslims have traditionally had no problem accepting those other Hebrew prophets not mentioned in the [[Quran]] or [[hadith]] as legitimate prophets of God, especially as the Quran itself states: "Surely We sent down the [[Torah]] (to Moses), wherein is guidance and light; thereby the prophets (who followed him), who had surrendered themselves, gave judgment for those who were Jewish, as did the masters and the [[rabbi]]s, following such portion of God's Book as they were given to keep and were witnesses to,"<ref>Qur'an 5:44, cf. Arberry translation.</ref> with this passage having often been interpreted by Muslims to include within the phrase "prophets" an allusion to all the prophetic figures of the Jewish scriptural portion of the [[nevi'im]], that is to say all the prophets of Israel after [[Moses]] and [[Aaron]]. Thus, Islamic authors have often alluded to Habakkuk as a prophet in their works,<ref>Ibn Qutaybah, ''Dalā'il al-Nubuwwa'', XLVII-XLVIIII, cited in Camilla Adang, ''Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible'' (Leiden: Brill, 1996), pp. 269–270</ref><ref name= Taliq389>Najm al-Dīn al-Ṭūfī, ''al-Ta‘līq 'alā al-Anājīl al-arba‘a wa-al-ta‘līq 'alā al-Tawrāh wa-'alā ghayrihā min kutub al-anbiyā''', 381, tr. Demiri, ''Muslim Exegesis of the Bible in Medieval Cairo'', pp. 389–390</ref><ref>See Walid Saleh (tr. and intro.), ''In Defense of the Bible: A Critical Edition and an Introduction to Al-Biqai's Bible Treatise'' (Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts) (Leiden: Brill, 2008), ''et passim''</ref> and followed the pronunciation of his name with the traditional [[peace be upon him|salutations of peace]] bestowed by Muslims onto prophets after the utterance of their names.<ref name= Taliq389 />

Some medieval Muslim scholars even provided commentaries on the biblical Book of Habakkuk, with the primary purpose of showing that the prophet had predicted the coming of [[Muhammad]] in Habakkuk 3:2–6, in a manner akin to the earlier Christian tradition of seeing in the book's prophecies allusions to the advent of [[Christ]].<ref>Lejla Demiri, ''Muslim Exegesis of the Bible in Medieval Cairo'' (Leiden: Brill, 2013), p. 47</ref> For example, the medieval exegete Najm al-Dīn al-Ṭūfī (d. 716 AH/1316 CE) provided a commentary on select verses from the Book of Habakkuk, saying the prophet's words "for his rays become light" (Habakkuk 3:4) alluded to the spread of [[Islam]]; that his words "his glory comes to town, his power appears in his courts" (Habakkuk 3:4) referred to Muhammad's stay in the town of [[Yathrib]] and the help he received there from the [[Ansar (Islam)|ansar]]; and that his words "death goes before him" (Habakkuk 3:5).<ref name= Taliq391>Najm al-Dīn al-Ṭūfī, ''al-Ta‘līq 'alā al-Anājīl al-arba‘a wa-al-ta‘līq 'alā al-Tawrāh wa-'alā ghayrihā min kutub al-anbiyā''', 381, tr. Demiri, ''Muslim Exegesis of the Bible in Medieval Cairo'', p. 391</ref> Likewise, Habakkuk 3:5–6 also received similar commentaries from medieval Islamic thinkers.<ref name= Taliq391 />

The famous and revered [[Persian people|Persian]] Islamic [[scholar]] and [[polymath]] [[Ibn Qutaybah]], who served as a [[qadi|judge]] during the [[Abbasid Caliphate]], said of the prophet Habakkuk: "Among the words of Habakkuk, who prophesied in the days of [[Daniel (biblical figure)|Daniel]], Habakkuk says: 'God came from [[Teman (Edom)|Teman]], and the holy one from the mountains of [[Desert of Paran|Paran]] and the earth was filled with the sanctification of the praiseworthy one (''aḥmad'', which is a name of [[Muhammad]] in Islam), and with his right hand he exercised power over the earth and the necks of the nations,{{'"}}<ref>Ibn Qutaybah, ''Dalā'il al-Nubuwwa'', XLVII-XLVIIII, cited in Camilla Adang, ''Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible'' (Leiden: Brill, 1996), p. 269</ref> which has been interpreted by scholars to be a clear allusion to Habakkuk 3:3-4.<ref>Camilla Adang, ''Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible'' (Leiden: Brill, 1996), p. 269</ref> Elsewhere, the same scholar glossed Habakkuk 3:4, 15 as follows: "The earth shines with his light, and his horses launched into the sea",<ref name=":0">Ibn Qutaybah, ''Dalā'il al-Nubuwwa'', XLVIII, cited in Camilla Adang, ''Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible'' (Leiden: Brill, 1996), p. 269</ref> again interpreting the prophecy to be an allusion to the coming of Muhammad.<ref>Camilla Adang, ''Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible'' (Leiden: Brill, 1996), p. 264</ref> One further prophecy of Habakkuk which Ibn Qutaybah cited, from extra-canonical Hebraic literature, was "You shall be exceedingly filled in your bows ... O Praised One (Muhammad)."<ref name=":0" /> This final prophecy attributed to Habakkuk was also referred to by later scholars like [[Ibn al-Jawzi]] and [[Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah]].<ref>Camilla Adang, ''Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible'' (Leiden: Brill, 1996), p. 269, note 4</ref><ref>A. Mingana (tr.) of Ali Tabari's ''The Book of Religion and Empire'' (London: Bernard Quaritch Limited, 1922), p. 119.</ref>