Editing Guangzhou (section)

==== People's Republic of China====
Amid the closing months before total Communist victory, Guangzhou briefly served as the capital of the Republican government. Guangzhou was captured on October 14, 1949. Amid a massive exodus to [[Hong Kong]] and [[Colonial Macau|Macau]], defeated Nationalist forces blew up the [[Haizhu Bridge]] across the Pearl River in retreat. The Cultural Revolution had a large effect on the city, with many of its temples, churches and other monuments destroyed during this chaotic period.

The [[China|People's Republic of China]] initiated building projects including new housing on the banks of the Pearl River to adjust the city's [[Tanka people|boat people]] to life on land. Since the 1980s, the city's close proximity to [[Hong Kong]] and [[Shenzhen]] and its ties to [[overseas Chinese]] made it one of the first beneficiaries of China's [[opening up policy|opening up]] under [[Deng Xiaoping]]. Beneficial tax reforms in the 1990s also helped the city's industrialization and economic development.

The municipality was expanded in the year 2000, with [[Huadu District|Huadu]] and [[Panyu District|Panyu]] joining the city as [[district (China)|urban districts]] and [[Conghua]] and [[Zengcheng]] as more rural [[county (China)|counties]]. The former districts of [[Dongshan District, Guangzhou|Dongshan]] and [[Fangcun District|Fangcun]] were abolished in 2005, merged into [[Yuexiu District|Yuexiu]] and [[Liwan District|Liwan]] respectively. The city acquired [[Nansha, Guangzhou|Nansha]] and [[Luogang District|Luogang]]. The former was carved out of [[Panyu District|Panyu]], the latter from parts of [[Baiyun District, Guangzhou|Baiyun]], [[Tianhe District|Tianhe]], [[Zengcheng]], and an exclave within [[Huangpu District, Guangzhou|Huangpu]]. The [[National People's Congress]] approved a development plan for the [[Pearl River Delta]] in January 2009; on March 19 of the same year, the Guangzhou and [[Foshan]] municipal governments agreed to establish a framework to merge the two cities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2009-03/19/content_11037051.htm |title=Guangzhou and Foshan signed "City Merge Cooperation Framework" |publisher=News.xinhuanet.com |access-date=May 6, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090705135320/http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2009-03/19/content_11037051.htm |archive-date=July 5, 2009}}</ref> In 2014, [[Luogang District|Luogang]] merged into [[Huangpu District, Guangzhou|Huangpu]] and both [[Conghua District|Conghua]] and [[Zengcheng District|Zengcheng]] counties were upgraded to districts.

On 16 June 2022 an [[Tornadoes of 2022#June 16 (China)|EF2 tornado struck the city]], causing major power outages and knocking out power to the city's subway lines.<ref>{{cite web |title=Awesome photo shows the nighttime monster heading for Guangzhou Metropolitan. |url=https://twitter.com/ericwang1101/status/1537426124547891200 |website=Twitter |access-date=June 19, 2022 |language=en |archive-date=June 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619005557/https://twitter.com/ericwang1101/status/1537426124547891200 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Damage survey suggests that the Guangzhou tornado had EF2 peak strength and traveled 1.5 km during its 5-minute lifetime. |url=https://twitter.com/cyanidecn_/status/1537801700093792256 |website=Twitter |access-date=June 19, 2022 |language=en |archive-date=June 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619005635/https://twitter.com/cyanidecn_/status/1537801700093792256 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://watchers.news/2022/06/16/major-damage-after-large-tornado-hits-guangzhou-megalopolis-guangdong-china/ |title=Major damage after large tornado hits Guangzhou megalopolis – Guangdong, China |date=June 16, 2022 |website=watchers.news |publisher=The Watchers |access-date=June 20, 2022 |archive-date=April 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409132943/https://watchers.news/2022/06/16/major-damage-after-large-tornado-hits-guangzhou-megalopolis-guangdong-china/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{Gallery
|title=History of Guangzhou
|width=140 | height=100
|align=center
|File:Canton factories.jpg|The [[Thirteen Factories]] {{c.|1805|lk=no}}, displaying the flags of [[Denmark-Norway|Denmark]], [[Enlightenment in Spain|Spain]], the United States, Sweden, [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]], and the [[Prince's Flag|Netherlands]]
|File:Shop of Tingqua, the painter.jpg|An 1855 painting of the gallery of Tingqua, one of the most successful suppliers of "export paintings" for Guangzhou's foreign traders
|alt4=An 1855 painting of the gallery of Tingqua, one of the most successful suppliers of "export paintings" for Guangzhou's foreign traders.Common themes included the Thirteen Factories, the Whampoa Anchorage (now Pazhou), and the Sea-Banner Temple (now Hoi Tong Monastery)
|File:Canton1860.jpg|[[Daniel Vrooman|Vrooman]]'s 1860 map of the "City and Entire Suburbs of Canton", one of the first made after the treaties of [[Treaty of Tianjin|Tianjin]] and [[Convention of Peking|Beijing]] permitted foreigners full access to Guangzhou's walled city
|File:Flower Pagoda in Canton.jpg|The [[Flowery Pagoda]] at the [[Temple of the Six Banyan Trees]] in 1863
|File:Lai Afong, Five Stories Pagoda Guangzhou, c1880.JPG|The [[Five-story Pagoda]] atop [[Yuexiu Hill]] {{c.|1880|lk=no}}
|File:Lai Afong, Sacred Heart Cathedral Guangzhou, c1880.JPG|The [[Guangzhou's Sacred Heart Cathedral|Sacred Heart Cathedral]] towering over the one- and two-story homes of old Guangzhou {{c.|1880|lk=no}}
|File:Canton1920 d006 map of of the city.jpg|The [[US Navy]]'s Dept of Navigation's 1920 map of "Canton"<ref>{{citation |url=https://archive.org/stream/cantonchina00unitrich#page/4/mode/2up |title=US Navy Ports of the World: Canton |publisher=US Bureau of Navigation |series=Ditty Box Guide Book Series |year=1920 |at=[https://archive.org/stream/cantonchina00unitrich#page/n5/mode/2up Canton]}}</ref>
|File:Whampoa3.jpg|[[Sun Yat-sen]] and [[Chiang Kai-shek]] at the opening of the [[Whampoa Military Academy]] on 16 June 1924
|File:The Bund Canton.jpg|The Guangzhou Bund in 1930, with rows of [[Tanka people|Tanka]] boats
|alt11=The Guangzhou Bund in 1930, with rows of Tanka boats.
|File:1937 Canton, China VP8.webm|A short film of Guangzhou in 1937
|File:PLA Troops entered to Guangzhou.jpg|The [[People's Liberation Army]] entering Guangzhou on 14 October 1949
}}