Editing Grantham (section)

===Royal manor===
Grantham's Domesday entries show it as an estate centre, where Queen Edith had a [[hall]] before 1066. Twenty years later, the king had the manor; there were four mills and eight acres of meadow, but no arable land. The [[demesne]] appears to have been land now known as Earlesfield in Great Gonerby. There were 111 [[Burgess (title)|burgesses]] and 72 [[bordars]], possibly labourers or craftsmen, indicating that Grantham was both a manor and a borough where the lord retained exclusive rights.<ref>{{Harvnb |Roffe |2011 |pp=26–29}}.</ref>{{Refn |group="n" |Alongside this estate, a smaller fee was held by the Abbot of Peterborough, whose tenant was called [[Kolgrimr (landowner)|Kolgrimr]] in 1086, and 77 tofts held by sokeman tenants of thegns settled nearby.<ref>{{Harvnb |Roffe |2011 |pp=28–29}}.</ref>}} It was a valuable asset, used by the king to reward loyal followers.<ref name=":5">{{Harvnb |Honeybone |1988 |p=33}}.</ref> By 1129, the manor and soke had been granted to [[Rabel de Tancarville]], the king's [[Chamberlain (office)|chamberlain]] in [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]]. He sided against [[Stephen, King of England|King Stephen]] during [[The Anarchy]] (1135–1154) and his lands were probably [[Forfeiture (law)|forfeited]] on his death in 1140, although restored to his son William and confirmed in the early 1180s.<ref>{{Harvnb |White |1976 |pp=559–560}}.</ref> The king retook the manor after William's heir Ralph de Tancarville failed to support him in Normandy.<ref name=":5"/>

In 1205, the king granted it to his ally [[William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey]]. It was held as a [[life interest]] and [[Future interest|reverted]] to the [[The Crown|Crown]] on his widow's death in 1249, but regranted to his son [[John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey|the 6th earl]] in 1266. On his death in 1304 it reverted to the crown and was soon granted to [[Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke|Aymer de Valence]], but had been regranted to Warenne's grandson, [[John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey|the 7th earl]], by 1312. Four years later it was resettled on the 7th earl for life with reversion to the crown. [[William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton]] was granted the reversion in 1337 and took [[seisin]] ten years later. After his death, it reverted again to the Crown and in 1363 [[Edward II of England|Edward II]] granted it to his son [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York|Edmund of Langley, Duke of York]], through whose heirs it passed to [[Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York]],<ref>{{Harvnb |Manterfield |2011 |pp=39–40}}.</ref> a major figure in the [[Wars of the Roses]] and rival of [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]]. After Richard's death in 1460, Henry's Queen [[Margaret of Anjou]] attacked Grantham in 1461, but later that year was defeated by Richard's son Edward, who took the throne as [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]. Two years later, Grantham was rewarded for loyalty to the [[House of York|Yorkist]] cause when the king granted the borough a [[Charter of Incorporation|charter of incorporation]], as a self-governing council – the Corporation of Grantham headed by an Alderman – with various freedoms.<ref name="honeybone1988-p35">{{Harvnb |Honeybone |1988 |p=35}}.</ref>{{Refn|group="n"|The manor stayed in royal hands and was often granted to a queen or queen mother for life. In 1696, William III granted it without reversion to [[William Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland]].<ref name="honeybone1988-p35"/> The earl's eventual successor, the 3rd Duke of Portland, sold the manor to [[Lord William Manners]] in 1767.<ref name="turnor-61">{{Harvnb |Turnor |1806 |p=61}}.</ref> He gave it to his illegitimate son John Manners,<ref name="turnor-61"/><ref name="drummond">{{Harvnb |Drummond |1964}}.</ref> who married [[Louisa Tollemache, 7th Countess of Dysart|Louisa Tollemache]], a daughter of the [[Lionel Tollemache, 4th Earl of Dysart|Earl of Dysart]], a title she later inherited in her own right;<ref name="drummond"/> their son, [[William Tollemache, Lord Huntingtower (1766–1833)|William]], along with [[Buckminster Park]] inherited the lordship of the manor. He was created a [[baronet]] and adopted the surname Talmash (or Tollemache). It then passed to his son, who also inherited the Dysart title as the 8th Earl, in 1833.<ref>{{Harvnb |Honeybone |1988 |p=43}}.</ref><ref>{{Harvnb |Port |Thorne |1986}}.</ref><ref>{{Harvnb |Jenkins |2009}}.</ref> By the late 20th century, the lordship was held by trustees of the Buckminster Estate.<ref>{{Harvnb |Honeybone |1988 |p=38}}.</ref>}}