Editing Graffiti (section)

== Global movements ==
When graffiti is done as an art form, it often uses the [[Latin script]] even in countries where it is not the primary writing system.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lawrence |first=C. Bruce |date=March 2012 |title=The Korean English linguistic landscape: The Korean English linguistic landscape |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-971X.2011.01741.x |journal=World Englishes |language=en |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=70–92 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-971X.2011.01741.x}}</ref> English words are also often used as monikers.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rosen |first=Matthew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0FflEAAAQBAJ&dq=graffiti+%22latin+script%22&pg=PA241 |title=The Ethnography of Reading at Thirty |date=2023-12-25 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-031-38226-0 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Europe ===
Stencil graffiti artists such as [[Blek le Rat]] existed in Western Europe, especially in [[Paris]], before the arrival of American graffiti and was associated more with the [[punk rock]] scene than with hip-hop.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Ganz |first=Nicholas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ujsyPQAACAAJ |title=Graffiti World: Street Art from Five Continents |date=2009 |publisher=Thames & Hudson |isbn=978-0-500-51469-6 |language=en}}</ref> In the 1980s, American graffiti and hiphop began to influence the European graffiti scene.<ref name=":0" /> Modern graffiti reached Eastern Europe in the 1990s.<ref name=":0" />

Some of the earliest graffiti exhibitions outside of the USA were in [[Amsterdam]], The Netherlands.<ref name=":0" />

=== Middle East ===
Graffiti in the [[Middle East]] has emerged slowly, with taggers operating in [[Egypt]], [[Lebanon]], the [[Arab states of the Persian Gulf|Gulf countries]] like [[Bahrain]] or the [[United Arab Emirates]],<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Zoghbi|first1=Pascal|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/818463305|title=Arabic graffiti = Ghirāfītī ʻArabīyah|last2=Stone|last3=Hawley|first3=Joy|date=2013|publisher=From Here to Fame|isbn=978-3-937946-45-0|location=Berlin|oclc=818463305}}</ref> [[Israel]], and in [[Iran]]. The major Iranian newspaper ''[[Hamshahri]]'' has published two articles on illegal writers in the city with photographic coverage of Iranian artist [[A1one]]'s works on Tehran walls. Tokyo-based design magazine, ''PingMag'', has interviewed A1one and featured photographs of his work.<ref name=pinmag>{{cite web|url=http://www.pingmag.jp/2007/01/19/a1one-1st-generation-graffiti-in-iran |author=Uleshka |title=A1one: 1st generation Graffiti in Iran |publisher=PingMag |date=19 January 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080222030338/http://www.pingmag.jp/2007/01/19/a1one-1st-generation-graffiti-in-iran/ |archive-date=22 February 2008 }}</ref> The [[Israeli West Bank barrier]] has become a site for graffiti, reminiscent in this sense of the [[Berlin Wall]]. Many writers in Israel come from other places around the globe, such as JUIF from Los Angeles and DEVIONE from London. The religious reference "נ נח נחמ נחמן מאומן" ("[[Na Nach Nachma Nachman Meuman]]") is commonly seen in graffiti around Israel.
[[File:Graffiti in Tel Aviv, Israel.jpg|thumb|A graffiti piece by the artist DeDe found in [[Tel Aviv]]]]

Graffiti has played an important role within the [[street art]] scene in the Middle East and North Africa ([[MENA]]), especially following the events of the [[Arab Spring]] of 2011 or the [[Sudanese Revolution]] of 2018/19.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bashir's Overthrow Inspires Sudan Graffiti Artists|url=https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/1695246/bashirs-overthrow-inspires-sudan-graffiti-artists|access-date=2021-06-29|website=Asharq AL-awsat|language=en}}</ref> Graffiti is a tool of expression in the context of conflict in the region, allowing people to raise their voices politically and socially. Famous street artist [[Banksy]] has had an important effect in the street art scene in the MENA area, especially in [[Palestine]] where some of his works are located in the [[Israeli West Bank barrier|West Bank barrier]] and [[Bethlehem]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=DeTruk|first=Sabrina|date=2015|title=The "Banksy Effect" and Street Art in the Middle East|url=https://journals.ap2.pt/index.php/sauc/article/view/25|journal=SAUC – Street Art & Urban Creativity Scientific Journal|volume=1|issue=2|pages=22–30}}</ref>

=== South America ===
South America has a very active graffiti culture, and graffiti are very common in Brazilian cities. This is blamed on the high uneven distribution of income, changing laws, and disenfranchisement.<ref name=manco7>{{cite book |title=Lost Art & Caleb Neelon, Graffiti Brazil |first=Tristan |last=Manco |year=2005 |publisher=London: Thames and Hudson |pages=7–10 }}</ref> ''[[Pichação]]'' is a form of graffiti found in Brazil, which involves tall characters and is usually used as a form of protest. It contrasts with the more conventionally artistic values of the practitioners of ''grafite''.<ref name=revela>{{cite web |url=http://www.revelacaoonline.uniube.br/2005/316/Arte.html |title=Pintando o muro |publisher=Revelacaoonline.uniube.br |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501012139/http://www.revelacaoonline.uniube.br/2005/316/Arte.html |archive-date=1 May 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Prominent Brazilian writers include [[OSGEMEOS|Os Gêmeos]], Boleta, [[Francisco Rodrigues da Silva|Nunca]], Nina, Speto, Tikka, and T.Freak.<ref name=globo>{{cite magazine|url=http://revistamarieclaire.globo.com/Marieclaire/0,6993,EML1163949-1740,00.html |title=A força do novo grafite |language=pt |magazine=[[Marie Claire]] |access-date=19 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129082341/http://revistamarieclaire.globo.com/Marieclaire/0%2C6993%2CEML1163949-1740%2C00.html |archive-date=29 November 2014 }}</ref>

=== Southeast Asia ===
There are also a large number of graffiti influences in [[Southeast Asia]]n countries that mostly come from modern [[Western culture]], such as Malaysia, where graffiti have long been a common sight in Malaysia's capital city, [[Kuala Lumpur]]. Since 2010, the country has begun hosting a street festival to encourage all generations and people from all walks of life to enjoy and encourage Malaysian street culture.<ref name=kharbar>{{Cite web|url=http://www.khabarsoutheastasia.com/en_GB/articles/apwi/articles/features/2012/02/15/feature-03 |title=Graffiti competition in Kuala Lumpur draws local and international artists |publisher=Khabar Southeast Asia |date=15 February 2012 |access-date=17 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113113534/http://www.khabarsoutheastasia.com/en_GB/articles/apwi/articles/features/2012/02/15/feature-03 |archive-date=13 November 2012 }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" caption="Graffiti around the world">
File:Grafiti, Čakovec (Croatia).2.jpg|Graffiti on a wall in [[Čakovec]], Croatia
File:Graffiti in Budapest, Pestszentlőrinc.jpg|Graffiti of the character [[Bender (Futurama)|Bender]] on a wall in [[Budapest]], Hungary
File:Graffiti in Ho Chi Minh City.JPG|Graffiti in [[Ho Chi Minh City]], Vietnam
File:Mr. Wany's work-in-progress artwork for Kul Sign Festival.JPG|Graffiti art in [[Kuala Lumpur]], Malaysia
File:Graffiti in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.jpg|Graffiti in [[Yogyakarta]], Indonesia
File:Camperdown Memorial Rest Park Graffiti.jpg|Graffiti on a park wall in [[Sydney]], Australia
File:Graffitiensaopaulo.jpg|Graffiti in [[São Paulo]], Brazil
File:Absurdious-001.jpg|Absourdios. Tehran-Iran, 2009.
</gallery>