Editing Goth subculture (section)

==Characteristics of the scene==
===Icons===
Goth icons include several bandleaders: [[Siouxsie Sioux]], of Siouxsie and the Banshees; [[Robert Smith (musician)|Robert Smith]], of the Cure; [[Peter Murphy (musician)|Peter Murphy]], of Bauhaus; [[Dave Vanian]], of The Damned; [[Rozz Williams]], of Christian Death; Olli Wisdom, leader of the band [[Specimen (band)|Specimen]]<ref name="Johnson1983"/> and keyboardist Jonathan Melton aka Jonny Slut, who evolved the [[Batcave (club)|Batcave]] style.<ref>Harriman, Andi; Bontje, Marloes: ''Some Wear Leather, Some Wear Lace. The Worldwide Compendium of Post Punk and Goth in the 1980s'', Intellect Books 2014, {{ISBN|1-783-20352-8}}, p. 66</ref> [[Nick Cave]] was dubbed as "the grand lord of gothic lushness".<ref>{{cite web |first=Jenny |last=Stevens |url=https://www.nme.com/reviews/nick-cave-and-the-bad-seeds/14083#6mWxcBmKK4eyCeDd.99 |title=Push The Sky Away |work= NME |date=15 February 2013 |access-date=21 February 2013}}</ref>

===Fashion===
{{main|Gothic fashion}}
[[File:Gothic girl.jpg|thumb|A woman dressed in gothic style in the 1980s]]

====Influences====
One female role model is [[Theda Bara]], the 1910s [[femme fatale]] known for her dark eyeshadow.<ref>{{harvnb|Hannaham|1997|p=93}}</ref><ref name="steele26">{{harvnb|Steele|Park|2008|p=26}}</ref> In 1977, [[Karl Lagerfeld]] hosted the Soirée Moratoire Noir party, specifying "tenue tragique noire absolument obligatoire" (black tragic dress absolutely required).<ref name=steele35>{{harvnb|Steele|Park|2008|p=35}}</ref> The event included elements associated with [[leather subculture|leatherman]] style.<ref name=steele35/>

[[Siouxsie Sioux]] was particularly influential on the dress style of the [[gothic rock]] scene; [[Paul Morley]] of ''[[NME]]'' described [[Siouxsie and the Banshees]]' 1980 gig at Futurama: "[Siouxsie was] modeling her newest outfit, the one that will influence how all the girls dress over the next few months. About half the girls at Leeds had used Sioux as a basis for their appearance, hair to ankle".<ref>Reynolds, p. 425.</ref> [[Robert Smith (musician)|Robert Smith]],<ref>{{harvnb|Hannaham|1997|p=113}}</ref> [[Musidora]], [[Bela Lugosi]],<ref>{{harvnb|Steele|Park|2008|p=18}}</ref> [[Bettie Page]], [[Maila Nurmi|Vampira]], [[Morticia Addams]],<ref name=steele26/> [[Nico]], [[Rozz Williams]], [[David Bowie]]<ref name=grunenberg2/> and [[Lux Interior]]<ref name=grunenberg2/> are also style icons.

The 1980s established designers such as [[Drew Bernstein|Drew Bernstein of Lip Service]], and the 1990s saw a surge of US-based [[gothic fashion]] designers, many of whom continue to evolve the style to the present day. Style magazines such as ''[[Gothic Beauty]]'' have given repeat features to a select few gothic fashion designers who began their labels in the 1990s, such as Kambriel, [[Rose Mortem]], and Tyler Ondine of Heavy Red.<ref>{{cite web |last=Holiday |first=Steven |date= 12 December 2014 |title= Gothic Beauty |url= http://www.gothicbeauty.com |location= Portland, OR |publisher=Holiday Media |access-date= 12 December 2014 }}</ref>

American model [[Gabbriette]] who has been known for her goth aesthetic, has been at the forefront of what has been dubbed the "Succubus Chic" trend of 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Natalie |last=Michie |date=2023-02-03 |title=Skinny Eyebrows Are the Latest '90s Beauty Trend to Return |url=https://fashionmagazine.com/beauty-grooming/skinny-eyebrows/ |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=FASHION Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dazed |date=2023-01-09 |title=Succubus chic: get to know the deadly new It Girl |url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/beauty/article/57887/1/succubus-chic-2023-new-it-girl-angelina-jolie-kylie-jenner-arca-ghoul-girl |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=Dazed |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=What is the succubus-chic aesthetic? |url=https://www.harpersbazaar.in/beauty/story/what-is-the-succubus-chic-aesthetic-564914-2023-01-12 |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=Harper Bazar |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-12 |title=Succubus chic, la tendencia de TikTok que representa el ideal más antiguo (y problemático) |url=https://www.vogue.es/articulos/succubus-chic-tiktok-enfermedad-historia-arte |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=Vogue España |language=es-ES}}</ref>

====Styling====
Gothic fashion is marked by conspicuously dark, antiquated, and homogeneous features. It is stereotyped as eerie, mysterious, complex, and exotic.<ref name="lr">{{cite news |author=La Ferla, Ruth |title=Embrace the Darkness |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/30/fashion/sundaystyles/30GOTH.html |work=The New York Times |date=30 October 2005 |access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> A dark, sometimes morbid fashion and style of [[clothing|dress]],<ref name="grunenberg2">{{harvnb|Grunenberg|1997|p=172}}</ref> typical gothic fashion includes [[Hair colouring|colored]] black hair and black period-styled clothing.<ref name="grunenberg2" /> Both male and female goths can wear dark [[Eye liner|eyeliner]] and dark fingernail polish, most especially black. Styles are often borrowed from [[punk fashion]] and—more currently—from the [[Victorian fashion|Victorian]] and [[1550–1600 in Western European fashion#Elizabethan Style|Elizabethan]] periods.<ref name=grunenberg2/> It also frequently expresses pagan, occult or other [[religious symbolism|religious imagery]].<ref name = "ELipton1">Eric Lipton [http://www.lettuce.org/clipGoff.htm Disturbed Shooters Weren't True Goth] from the Chicago Tribune, 27 April 1999</ref> Gothic fashion and styling may also feature [[silver]] jewelry and piercings.

[[File:Shopping for hats (5139446754).jpg|thumb|A gothic clothing store in 2010]]
[[Ted Polhemus]] described goth fashion as a "profusion of black velvets, lace, fishnets and leather tinged with scarlet or purple, accessorized with tightly laced corsets, gloves, precarious stilettos and silver jewelry depicting religious or occult themes".<ref>{{cite book |last=Polhemus |first=Ted |author-link=Ted Polhemus |year=1994 |title=Street Style |location=London |publisher=Thames & Hudson |page=97}} Cited in {{harvnb|Mellins|2013|pp=17–18}}.</ref> Of the male "goth look", goth historian Pete Scathe draws a distinction between the Sid Vicious archetype of black spiky hair and black leather jacket in contrast to the gender ambiguous individuals wearing makeup. The first is the early goth gig-going look, which was essentially punk, whereas the second evolved into the Batcave nightclub look. Early goth gigs were often very hectic affairs, and the audience dressed accordingly.

In contrast to the [[Live action role-playing game#Genres|LARP]]-based Victorian and Elizabethan pomposity of the 2000s, the more Romantic side of 1980s trad-goth—mainly represented by women—was characterized by new wave/post-punk-oriented hairstyles (both long and short, partly shaved and teased) and street-compliant clothing, including black frill blouses, midi dresses or tea-length skirts, and floral lace tights, [[Dr. Martens]], spike heels (pumps), and pointed-toe buckle boots ([[winklepickers]]), sometimes supplemented with accessories such as bracelets, chokers and bib necklaces. This style, retroactively referred to as ''Ethergoth'', took its inspiration from Siouxsie Sioux and mid-1980s musicians from the 4AD roster like [[Elizabeth Fraser]] and [[Lisa Gerrard]].<ref>Aurelio Voltaire Hernandez: ''What Is Goth?'', Publishers Group UK, {{ISBN|1-578-63322-2}}<br />''"Serene, thoughtful and creative, ethergoths are defined by their affinity ... darkwave and classically inspired Gothic music. Ethergoths are more likely to be found sipping tea, writing poetry and listening to the Cocteau Twins than jumping up and down at a club."''</ref>

''[[The New York Times]]'' noted: "The costumes and ornaments are a glamorous cover for the genre's somber themes. In the world of Goth, nature itself lurks as a malign protagonist, causing flesh to rot, rivers to flood, monuments to crumble and women to turn into slatterns, their hair streaming and lipstick askew".<ref name= lr/>

Cintra Wilson declares that the origins of the dark romantic style are found in the "[[Victorian fashion|Victorian]] cult of mourning".<ref name="cintra">{{cite news |last=Wilson |first=Cintra |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/18/fashion/18GOTH.html |title=You just can't kill it |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=17 September 2008 |access-date=18 September 2008}}</ref> [[Valerie Steele]] is an expert in the history of the style.<ref name="cintra" />

====Reciprocity====
[[File:Goth weekends (63615643).jpg|thumb|Two goths in Victorian-inspired clothing]]
Goth fashion has a reciprocal relationship with the fashion world. In the later part of the first decade of the 21st century, designers such as [[Alexander McQueen]],<ref name="cintra" /><ref name=grunenberg/><ref name=steele3>{{harvnb|Steele|Park|2008|p=3}}</ref> [[Anna Sui]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Bolton |first=Andrew |author-link=Andrew Bolton (curator) |date=2013 |title=Anna Sui |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=veh5m5QdWL8C&q=anna+sui |location=New York |publisher=Chronicle Books |pages=100–109 |isbn=978-1452128597 |via=Google Books}}</ref> [[Rick Owens]],<ref name=steele3/> [[Gareth Pugh]], [[Ann Demeulemeester]], [[Philipp Plein]], [[Hedi Slimane]], [[John Richmond (fashion designer)|John Richmond]], [[John Galliano]],<ref name="cintra" /><ref name=grunenberg/><ref name=steele3/> [[Olivier Theyskens]]<ref name=steele3/><ref name="lr"/> and [[Yohji Yamamoto]]<ref name=steele3/> brought elements of goth to runways.<ref name="cintra" /> This was described as "Haute Goth" by Cintra Wilson in the ''New York Times''.<ref name="cintra" />

[[Thierry Mugler]], [[Claude Montana]], [[Jean Paul Gaultier]]<ref name= lr/> and [[Christian Lacroix]] have also been associated with the fashion trend.<ref name="cintra" /><ref name=grunenberg>{{harvnb|Grunenberg|1997|p=173}}</ref> In Spring 2004, [[Riccardo Tisci]], Jean Paul Gaultier, [[Raf Simons]] and [[Stefano Pilati]] dressed their models as "glamorous ghouls dressed in form-fitting suits and coal-tinted cocktail dresses".<ref name=lr/> Swedish designer Helena Horstedt and jewelry artist Hanna Hedman also practice a goth aesthetic.<ref>Johanna Lenander, "Swede and Sour: Scandinavian Goth," ''New York Times: T Magazine'', 27 March 2009. [http://themoment.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/03/27/swede-and-sour-scandinavian-goth/?hpw] Access date: 29 March 2009.</ref>

===Films and television===
{{main|Gothic film}}
{{more citations needed section|date=June 2016}}
[[File:The Hunger film poster.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|Film poster for ''[[The Hunger (1983 film)|The Hunger]]'', an influence in the early days of the goth subculture{{sfn|Ladouceur|2011|pp=137–138}}]]
Some of the early gothic rock and deathrock artists adopted traditional horror film images and drew on horror film soundtracks for inspiration. Their audience responded by adopting appropriate dress and props. Use of standard horror film props such as swirling smoke, rubber bats, and cobwebs featured as gothic club décor from the beginning in The Batcave. Such references in bands' music and images were originally [[tongue-in-cheek]], but as time went on, bands and members of the subculture took the connection more seriously. As a result, morbid, [[supernatural]] and [[occult]] themes became more noticeably serious in the subculture. The interconnection between horror and goth was highlighted in its early days by ''[[The Hunger (1983 film)|The Hunger]]'', a 1983 vampire film starring [[David Bowie]], [[Catherine Deneuve]] and [[Susan Sarandon]]. The film featured gothic rock group Bauhaus performing ''Bela Lugosi's Dead'' in a nightclub. [[Tim Burton]] created a storybook atmosphere filled with darkness and shadow in some of his films like ''[[Beetlejuice]]'' (1988), ''[[Batman (1989 film)|Batman]]'' (1989), ''[[Edward Scissorhands]]'' (1990), ''[[Batman Returns]]'' (1992) and the [[stop motion]] films ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]'' (1993), which was produced/co-written by Burton, and ''[[Corpse Bride]]'' (2005), which he co-produced. The [[Nickelodeon]] cartoon ''[[Invader Zim]]'' is also based on the goth subculture.

As the subculture became well-established, the connection between goth and horror fiction became almost a cliché, with goths quite likely to appear as characters in horror novels and film. For example, ''[[The Craft (film)|The Craft]]'', ''[[The Crow (franchise)|The Crow]]'', ''[[The Matrix (franchise)|The Matrix]]'' and ''[[Underworld (film series)|Underworld]]'' film series drew directly on goth music and style. The dark comedies ''[[Beetlejuice]]'', ''[[The Faculty (film)|The Faculty]]'', ''[[American Beauty (1999 film)|American Beauty]]'', ''[[Wedding Crashers]]'', and a few episodes of the animated TV show ''[[South Park]]'' portray or parody the goth subculture. In ''South Park'', several of the fictional schoolchildren are depicted as goths. The goth kids on the show are depicted as finding it annoying to be confused with the [[Hot Topic]] "[[Vampire lifestyle|vampire]]" kids from the episode "[[The Ungroundable]]" in season 12,<ref>Modell, Josh (19 November 2008). "The Ungroundable". ''The A.V. Club''.</ref><ref>Fickett, Travis (20 November 2008). "IGN: The Ungroundable Review". IGN. News Corporation. Retrieved 2008-11-23.</ref> and even more frustrating to be compared with [[emo]] kids. The goth kids are usually depicted listening to gothic music, writing or reading Gothic poetry, drinking coffee, flipping their hair, and smoking.<ref>{{cite web|first=Josh|last=Modell|title=The Ungroundable|website=[[The A.V. Club]]|url=https://www.avclub.com/south-park-the-ungroundable-1798205248|date=November 19, 2008|accessdate=29 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://southpark.cc.com/fans/faq/archives.php?id=16431 |title=FAQ Archives: Why aren't the goth kids in the class w/ the rest of the kids when they show them all at their desk? |access-date=2008-11-23 |date=2004-05-06 |work=South Park Studios |archive-date=6 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306191502/http://www.southparkstudios.com/fans/faq/archives.php?id=16431 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Morticia Addams]] from [[The Addams Family]] created by [[Charles Addams]] is a fictional character and the mother in the Addams Family. Morticia was played by [[Carolyn Jones]] in the 1964 television show [[The Addams Family (1964 TV series)|''The Addams Family'']] and by [[Anjelica Huston]] in the [[The Addams Family (1991 film)|1991 version]], and voiced by [[Charlize Theron]] in [[The Addams Family (2019 film)|2019 animated film]].

A recurring sketch in the 1990s on NBC's ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' was ''Goth Talk'', in which a public access channel broadcast hosted by unpopular young goths would continually be interrupted by the more "normal" kids in school. The sketch featured series regulars [[Will Ferrell]], [[Molly Shannon]], and [[Chris Kattan]].

===Books and magazines===
{{Main|Gothic fiction}}
A prominent American literary influence on the gothic scene was provided by [[Anne Rice]]'s re-imagining of the vampire in 1976. In ''[[The Vampire Chronicles]]'', Rice's characters were depicted as self-tormentors who struggled with alienation, loneliness, and the human condition. Not only did the characters torment themselves, but they also depicted a surreal world that focused on uncovering its splendour. These Chronicles assumed goth attitudes, but they were not intentionally created to represent the gothic subculture. Their romance, beauty, and erotic appeal attracted
many goth readers, making her works popular from the 1980s through the 1990s.{{sfn|Jones|2015|pp=179–204}} While Goth has embraced [[Vampire literature]] both in its 19th century form and in its later incarnations, Rice's [[Postmodernism|postmodern]] take on the vampire mythos has had a "special resonance" in the subculture. Her vampire novels feature intense emotions, period clothing, and "cultured decadence". Her vampires are [[social alienation|socially alienated]] monsters, but they are also stunningly attractive. Rice's goth readers tend to envision themselves in much the same terms and view characters like [[Lestat de Lioncourt]] as [[role model]]s.{{sfn|Goodlad|Bibby|2007}}

[[Richard Wright (author)|Richard Wright]]'s novel ''[[Native Son]]'' contains gothic imagery and themes that demonstrate the links between blackness and the gothic; themes and images of "premonitions, curses, prophecies, spells, veils, demonic possessions, graves, skeletons" are present, suggesting gothic influence.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Smethurst|first=James|date=Spring 2001|title=Invented by Horror: The Gothic and African American Literary Ideology in Native Son|journal=African American Review|volume=35|issue=1|pages=29–30|doi=10.2307/2903332|jstor=2903332}}</ref> Other classic themes of the gothic are present in the novel, such as transgression and unstable identities of race, class, gender, and nationality.<ref name=":1" />

The re-imagining of the vampire continued with the release of [[Poppy Z. Brite]]'s book ''[[Lost Souls (Poppy Z. Brite novel)|Lost Souls]]'' in October 1992. Despite the fact that Brite's first novel was criticized by some mainstream sources for allegedly "lack[ing] a moral center: neither terrifyingly malevolent supernatural creatures nor (like Anne Rice's protagonists) tortured souls torn between good and evil, these vampires simply add blood-drinking to the amoral panoply of drug abuse, problem drinking and empty sex practiced by their human counterparts",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-385-30875-5 |title=Fiction Book Review: Lost Souls by Poppy Z. Brite |work=publishersweekly.com|date=31 August 1992 |access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> many of these so-called "human counterparts" identified with the teen angst and goth music references therein, keeping the book in print. Upon release of a special 10th anniversary edition of ''Lost Souls'', ''[[Publishers Weekly]]''—the same periodical that criticized the novel's "amorality" a decade prior—deemed it a "modern horror classic" and acknowledged that Brite established a "cult audience".<ref>{{cite web |title=Fiction review: The American Fantasy Tradition by Brian M. Thomsen |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-7653-0152-9 |work=publishersweekly.com |date=1 September 2002 |access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref>

The 2002 release ''21st Century Goth'' by [[Mick Mercer]], an author, noted music journalist and leading historian of gothic rock,<ref>Blu [http://www.starvox.net/intview/mm.htm Interview with Mick Mercer] Starvox.net</ref><ref>Kyshah Hell [http://www.morbidoutlook.com/lifestyle/articles/2002_06_mickmercer.html Interview with Mick Mercer] Morbidoutlook.com</ref><ref>[http://www.brokenanklebooks.com/AuthorsMercer.htm Mick Mercer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070409035909/http://brokenanklebooks.com/AuthorsMercer.htm |date=9 April 2007 }} Broken Ankle Books</ref> explored the modern state of the goth scene around the world, including [[South America]], [[Japan]], and mainland [[Asia]]. His previous 1997 release, ''Hex Files: The Goth Bible'', similarly took an international look at the subculture.

In the US, ''[[Propaganda (magazine)|Propaganda]]'' was a gothic subculture magazine founded in 1982. In Italy, ''Ver Sacrum'' covers the Italian goth scene, including fashion, sexuality, music, art and literature. Some magazines, such as the now-defunct ''Dark Realms''<ref>''[http://www.monolithgraphics.com/darkrealms.html Dark Realms]''</ref> and ''Goth Is Dead'' included goth fiction and poetry. Other magazines cover fashion (e.g., ''[[Gothic Beauty]]''); music (e.g., ''Severance'') or culture and lifestyle (e.g., ''Althaus'' e-zine).

On 31 October 2011, [[ECW Press]] published the ''Encyclopedia Gothica''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia Gothica|last=Liisa.|first=Ladouceur|date=2011|publisher=ECW Press|others=Pullin, Gary.|isbn=978-1770410244|location=Toronto|oclc=707327955}}</ref> written by author and poet Liisa Ladouceur with illustrations done by Gary Pullin.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/afterword/book-review-encyclopedia-gothica-by-liisa-ladouceur|title=Book Review: Encyclopedia Gothica, by Liisa Ladouceur|date=2011-11-11|work=National Post|access-date=2018-03-07|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.houstonpress.com/arts/encyclopedia-gothica-liisa-ladouceur-explains-it-all-6380980|title=Encyclopedia Gothica: Liisa Ladouceur Explains It All|last=Rouner|first=Jef|date=2011-10-28|work=Houston Press|access-date=2018-03-07|archive-date=7 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307151049/http://www.houstonpress.com/arts/encyclopedia-gothica-liisa-ladouceur-explains-it-all-6380980|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.terrorizer.com/dominion/ater-liber/book-review-encyclopedia-gothica-liisa-ladouceur/|title=Book Review: 'Encyclopedia Gothica' – Liisa Ladouceur – Terrorizer|date=2012-01-03|work=Terrorizer|access-date=2018-03-07|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.macleans.ca/general/review-encyclopedia-gothica/|title=REVIEW: Encyclopedia Gothica – Macleans.ca|date=2011-11-02|work=Macleans.ca|access-date=2018-03-07|language=en-US}}</ref> This non-fiction book describes over 600 words and phrases relevant to Goth subculture.

Brian Craddock's 2017 novel Eucalyptus Goth<ref>Goodreads [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36513714-eucalyptus-goth Eucalyptus Goth]</ref> charts a year in the life of a household of 20-somethings in [[Brisbane]], Australia. The central characters are deeply entrenched in the local gothic subculture, with the book exploring themes relevant to the characters, notably unemployment, mental health, politics, and relationships.<ref>Renae Holyoak [https://www.outback-revue.com/eucalyptus-goth-book-launch/ A Love Letter to Brisbane] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127041636/https://www.outback-revue.com/eucalyptus-goth-book-launch/ |date=27 January 2021 }} Outback Revue</ref>

In 2023, several books about the music genre and the subculture, were released. [[John Robb (musician)|John Robb]]'s ''The Art of Darkness: The History of Goth'' was hailed in ''[[The Times]]'' as a "new magestrial survey",<ref>{{citation |title=John Robb ''The Art of Darkness: The History of Goth''|id={{ASIN|1526173204|country=uk}} }}</ref> and [[Cathi Unsworth]]'s ''Season of the Witch: The Book of Goth'' was praised in ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'' as a "superb history of the dark and all its risings".<ref>{{citation |title=Cathi Unsworth ''Season of the Witch: The Book of Goth''|id={{ASIN|1788706242|country=uk}} }}</ref>

===Graphic art===
{{further|New Gothic}}
Visual contemporary graphic artists with this aesthetic include [[Gerald Brom]], [[Dave McKean]], and [[Trevor Brown (artist)|Trevor Brown]] as well as illustrators [[Edward Gorey]], [[Charles Addams]], [[Lorin Morgan-Richards]], and [[James O'Barr]]. The artwork of Polish surrealist painter [[Zdzisław Beksiński]] is often described as gothic.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://culture.pl/en/article/the-cursed-paintings-of-zdzislaw-beksinski|title=The Cursed Paintings of Zdzisław Beksiński|work=Culture.pl|access-date=2018-10-18|language=en}}</ref> British artist [[Anne Sudworth]] published a book on gothic art in 2007.{{sfn|Sudworth|2007}}

===Events===
[[File:Ddf5poster.png|thumb|upright=0.9|A poster for the 2007 [[Drop Dead Festival]]]]
There are large annual goth-themed festivals in [[Germany]], including [[Wave-Gotik-Treffen]] in [[Leipzig]] and [[M'era Luna]] in [[Hildesheim]], both annually attracting tens of thousands of people. [[Castle Party]] is the biggest goth festival in Poland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://castleparty.com/|title=Castle Party Festival|website=castleparty.com}}</ref>

===Interior design===
In the 1980s, goths decorated their walls and ceilings with black fabrics and accessories like rosaries, crosses and plastic roses. Black furniture and cemetery-related objects such as candlesticks, death lanterns and skulls were also part of their interior design. In the 1990s, the interior design approach of the 1980s was replaced by a less macabre style.