Editing Fujian (section)

=== Five Dynasties Ten Kingdoms ===
[[File:Map of Fujian, 957 Eng.png|thumb|Situation of Fujian in 957]]
As the Tang dynasty ended, China was torn apart in the period of the [[Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms]]. During this time, a second major wave of immigration arrived in the safe haven of Fujian, led by Wang Brothers ([[Wang Chao (Tang dynasty)|Wang Chao]], {{ill|Wang Shengui|zh|王审邽}} and [[Wang Shenzhi]]), who set up an independent [[Min (Ten Kingdoms)|Kingdom of Min]] with its capital in Fuzhou. After the death of the founding king, however, the kingdom suffered from internal strife, and was soon absorbed by [[Southern Tang]], another southern kingdom.<ref>Fukien. (2008). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved December 20, 2008, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/221639/Fujian {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221122424/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/221639/Fujian |date=February 21, 2009 }}</ref>

Parts of northern Fujian were conquered by the [[Wuyue]] Kingdom to the north as well, including the Min capital Fuzhou.

[[Quanzhou]] city was blooming into a seaport under the reign of the [[Min (Ten Kingdoms)|Min Kingdom]].{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}{{when|date=January 2015}}<ref name="《伊本・白图泰游记》">{{lang|zh-hans|伊本・白图泰（著）、马金鹏（译），《伊本・白图泰游记》，宁夏人民出版社，2005年}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|script-title=zh:中国网事:千年古港福建"泉州港"被整合改名引网民争议|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2012-04/11/c_111763389.htm|publisher=[[Xinhua News]]|access-date=2014-08-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009074711/http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2012-04/11/c_111763389.htm|archive-date=October 9, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

''[[Qingyuan Jiedushi]]'' was a military/governance office created in 949 by [[Southern Tang]]'s second emperor [[Li Jing (Southern Tang)|Li Jing]] for the warlord [[Liu Congxiao]], who nominally submitted to him but controlled Quan ({{lang|zh|泉州}}, in modern [[Quanzhou]], Fujian) and Zhang ({{lang|zh|漳州}}, in modern [[Zhangzhou]], Fujian) Prefectures in ''de facto'' independence from the Southern Tang state.<ref name=ZZTJ288>''[[Zizhi Tongjian]]'', [[:zh:s:資治通鑑/卷288|vol. 288]].</ref> (Zhang Prefecture was, at times during the circuit's existence, also known as Nan Prefecture ({{lang|zh|南州}}).)<ref name=HS483>''[[History of Song (Yuan dynasty)|History of Song]]'', [[:zh:s:宋史/卷483|vol. 483]].</ref> Starting in 960, in addition to being nominally submissive to Southern Tang, Qingyuan Circuit was also nominally submissive to [[Song dynasty|Song]], which had itself become Southern Tang's nominal overlord.<ref name=XZZTJ1>''[[Xu Zizhi Tongjian]]'', [[:zh:s:續資治通鑑/卷001|vol. 1]].</ref>
[[File:Later Zhou.png|thumb|320px|Map showing the location of Qingyuan Circuit]]

After Liu's death, the circuit was briefly ruled by his biological nephew/adoptive son [[Liu Shaozi]], who was then overthrown by the officers [[Zhang Hansi]] and [[Chen Hongjin]]. Zhang then ruled the circuit briefly, before Chen deposed him and took over.<ref name=HS483/> In 978, with Song's determination to unify Chinese lands in full order, Chen decided that he could not stay ''de facto'' independent, and offered the control of the circuit to Song's [[Emperor Taizong of Song|Emperor Taizong]], ending Qingyuan Circuit as a ''de facto'' independent entity.<ref name=XZZTJ9>''Xu Zizhi Tongjian'', [[:zh:s:續資治通鑑/卷009|vol. 9]].</ref>