Editing Franz Liszt (section)

==== The New German School and the War of the Romantics ====
{{main|New German School|War of the Romantics}}
In 1859 [[Franz Brendel]] coined the name "[[New German School]]" in his publication {{lang|de|[[Neue Zeitschrift für Musik]]}}, to refer to the musicians associated with Liszt while he was in Weimar. The most prominent members other than Liszt were Wagner, though he rejected the label, and Berlioz. The group also included [[Peter Cornelius]], Hans von Bülow and [[Joachim Raff]]. The School was a loose confederation of progressive composers, mainly grouped together as a challenge to supposed conservatives such as Mendelssohn and [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms]], and so the term is considered to be of limited use in describing a particular movement or set of unified principles.{{sfn|Warrack|2002}} What commonalities the composers had were around the development of [[programmatic music]], harmonic experimentation, wide-ranging modulation and formal innovations such as the use of [[leitmotif]]s and [[thematic transformation]].{{sfn|Grey|2001}}{{sfn|Deaville|2021}}

The disagreements between the two factions is often described as the "[[War of the Romantics]]". The "war" was largely carried out through articles, essays and reviews. Each side claimed [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]] as its predecessor. A number of festivals were arranged to showcase the music of the New German School, notably in Leipzig in 1859 and Weimar in 1861. The [[Allgemeiner Deutscher Musikverein]], intrinsically linked to the School, was founded at this time, with Liszt becoming its honorary president in 1873. However, as most of Liszt's work from the 1860s and 1870s received little attention, and Brendel and Berlioz died in the late 1860s, the focus of the progressive movement in music moved to [[Bayreuth]] with Wagner in the 1870s, who definitively moved on from the School and the {{lang|de|Neue Zeitschrift}}.{{sfn|Deaville|2021}}