Editing Fenrir (section)

==Archaeological record==
===Thorwald's Cross===
[[File:Br Olsen;185A, Andreas.jpg|thumb|upright|Thorwald's Cross at Kirk Andreas, Isle of Man]]

[[Manx Runestones#Thorwald's Cross: Br Olsen;185A (Andreas (III), MM 128)|Thorwald's Cross]], a partially surviving [[Manx Runestones|runestone]] erected at Kirk Andreas on the [[Isle of Man]], depicts a bearded human holding a spear downward at a wolf, his right foot in its mouth, while a large bird sits at his shoulder.<ref name="PLUSKOWSKI158">Pluskowski (2004:158).</ref> [[Rundata]] dates it to 940,<ref name="BrOlsen;185A">{{cite Scandinavian Runic-text Database | name=Br Olsen;185A | edition=2004 | srdb= | runor= | short=yes}}</ref> while Pluskowski dates it to the 11th century.<ref name=PLUSKOWSKI158/> This depiction has been interpreted as Odin, with a [[Hugin and Munin|raven]] or eagle at his shoulder, being consumed by Fenrir at Ragnarök.<ref name=PLUSKOWSKI158/><ref name=JANSSON>Jansson (1987:152)</ref> On the reverse of the stone is another image parallel to it that has been described as Christ triumphing over Satan.<ref name="Richards">Richards (1999:200).</ref> These combined elements have led to the cross as being described as "[[Syncretism|syncretic art]]"; a mixture of [[Norse paganism|pagan]] and Christian beliefs.<ref name=PLUSKOWSKI158/>

===Gosforth Cross===
The mid-11th century [[Gosforth Cross]], located in [[Cumbria]], England, has been described as depicting a combination of scenes from the Christian [[Last Judgement|Judgement Day]] and the pagan Ragnarök.<ref name="PLUSKOWSKI158"/> The cross features various figures depicted in [[Borre style]], including a man with a spear facing a monstrous head, one of whose feet is thrust into the beast's forked tongue and on its lower jaw, while a hand is placed against its upper jaw, a scene interpreted as Víðarr fighting Fenrir.<ref name=PLUSKOWSKI158/> This depiction has been theorized as a metaphor for Christ's defeat of Satan.<ref name=SCHAPIRO264>Schapiro (1942:211, note 66).</ref>

===Ledberg stone===
[[File:Ledbergsstenen 2.jpg|thumb|upright|The Ledberg stone in Sweden]]

The 11th century [[Ledberg stone]] in [[Sweden]], similarly to Thorwald's Cross, features a figure with his foot at the mouth of a four-legged beast, and this may also be a depiction of Odin being devoured by Fenrir at Ragnarök.<ref name=JANSSON/> Below the beast and the man is a depiction of a legless, helmeted man, with his arms in a prostrate position.<ref name=JANSSON/> The [[Younger Futhark]] inscription on the stone bears a commonly seen memorial dedication, but is followed by an encoded [[runic alphabet|runic]] sequence that has been described as "mysterious",<ref name=MACLEOD145>MacLeod, Mees (2006:145).</ref> and "an interesting magic formula which is known from all over the ancient Norse world".<ref name=JANSSON/>

===Other===
If the images on the [[Tullstorp Runestone]] are correctly identified as depicting [[Ragnarök]], then Fenrir is shown above the ship [[Naglfar]].<ref>Merrony (2004:136); Crumlin-Pedersen & Thye (1995:170).</ref>

[[Meyer Schapiro]] theorizes a connection between the "[[Hellmouth|Hell Mouth]]" that appears in medieval Christian iconography and Fenrir. According to Schapiro, "the Anglo-Saxon taste for the Hell Mouth was perhaps influenced by the northern pagan myth of the Crack of Doom and the battle with the wolf, who devoured Odin."<ref name=SCHAPIRO211>Schapiro (1942:211).</ref>

Scholars propose that a variety of objects from the archaeological record depict Týr. For example, a [[Migration Period]] gold [[bracteate]] from [[Trollhättan]], Sweden, features a person receiving a bite on the hand from a beast, which may depict Týr and Fenrir.<ref name="TYR-FENRIR-BRACTEATE">See discussion in, for example, Davidson (1993:39–41).</ref> A Viking Age [[Hogback (sculpture)|hogback]] in [[Sockburn]], [[County Durham]], [[North East England]] may depict Týr and Fenrir.<ref name="MCKINNELL-2005-16">McKinnell (2005:16).</ref>