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Enrico Berlinguer
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== Personal life == A non-believer,<ref name="Biagi 2019"/> Berlinguer married in a [[civil ceremony]] the religious Letizia Laurenti (1928–2017), whom he met during a holiday in the [[Aosta Valley]], on 26 September 1957 in the [[Capitoline Hill]]; they had been engaged for ten years, and both the PCI and her family were against it.<ref name="Lilli 2019">{{cite news|last=Lilli|first=Laura|date=9 June 2019|url=https://www.repubblica.it/dossier/cultura/enrico-berlinguer-35/2019/06/09/news/enrico_berlinguer_quando_moro_lo_vide_giocare_a_pallone-228378833/|title=Enrico Berlinguer, quando Moro lo vide giocare a pallone|work=La Repubblica|language=it|access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> While seemingly cold in public and in front of their children, their relationship has been described as "a love from [[Romeo and Juliet]]".<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> Together, they had four children: former ''[[TG3]]'' journalist Biancamaria (born 1959), [[RAI]] journalist Maria Stella (born 1961), [[Communist Refoundation Party]] politician Marco (born 1963), and [[Mediaset]] journalist Laura (born 1970).<ref>{{cite news|last=Barbagallo|first=Francesco|date=2006|title=Enrico Berlinguer|location=Rome|publisher=Carocci|page=31|isbn=88-430-3761-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rainews.it/archivio-rainews/articoli/morta-roma-letizia-laurenti-vedova-enrico-berlinguer-e9b5dc37-a09c-4099-b0f4-fa0dc39329bf.html|title=Morta a Roma Letizia Laurenti, vedova di Enrico Berlinguer|work=Rai News|language=it|date=27 June 2017|access-date=16 July 2023}}</ref> He often used to give his children tutoring lessons, including after a political meeting was concluded, on topics like [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]] and [[pre-Socratic philosophers]] but never in a forceful way; he did not expect them to follow his path in politics.<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> Berlinguer said that they "must be able to make their choices freely, without any prejudice".<ref name="Biagi 2019"/> As a Sardinian, Berlinguer said that he was a supporter of [[Cagliari Calcio]];<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> like many other communist and left-wing leaders, including [[Palmiro Togliatti]] and allegedly [[Antonio Gramsci]],<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Magno|first=Michele|date=25 September 2021|url=https://www.startmag.it/mondo/gramsci-e-togliatti-la-rivoluzione-e-la-juventus/|title=Gramsci e Togliatti, la rivoluzione e la Juventus|magazine=Start Magazine|language=it|access-date=16 July 2023}}</ref> he was said to have been a supporter of [[Juventus]]. As many of his security escorts were supporters of [[SS Lazio]], Berlinguer was forced to watch the club's matches.<ref>{{cite web|last=Romeo|first=Ilaria|date=7 February 2018|url=https://www.strisciarossa.it/tra-la-rivoluzione-e-la-juve-la-passione-dei-leader-pci-per-il-calcio/|title=Tra la rivoluzione e la Juve. La passione dei leader Pci per il calcio|website=Striscia Rossa|language=it|access-date=16 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Coccia|first=Pasquale|date=25 September 2021|url=https://ilmanifesto.it/i-comunisti-scendono-in-campo|title=I comunisti scendono in campo|work=Il manifesto|language=it|access-date=16 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Mainente|first=Andrea|date=3 August 2022|url=https://www.rivistacontrasti.it/juventus-comunismo-squadra-comunista-lama-berlinguer-togliatti-gramsci-bersani/|title=La Juventus comunista|magazine=Rivista Contrasti|language=it|access-date=16 July 2023}}</ref> He once left in the middle of a lunch with party members to watch a Juventus match.<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> Another time, near the government building of the [[Palazzo della Farnesina]], he saw a group of kids playing [[association football]] and started playing with them.<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> Outside of politics and his passion for football, which he played as a child with his brother, Berlinguer played [[Rummy]] and loved the sea and sailing. Whenever he could, he would go on his cousin's boat in [[Stintino]], manoeuvring the mainsails and jibs with dexterity. In 1977, he risked his life when, not following the recommendation by relatives and sailors, he went out by boat because he could not return to Stintino for safety reasons. When the wind picked up, the sea got rough, and for several hours no one heard news about Berlinguer until his cousin [[Francesco Cossiga]], the then interior minister, sent patrol boats to search for him.<ref name="Sbaraglia 2022"/> Berlinguer was a lover of ballet and opera, the last one he had seen was Wagner's ''[[Parsifal]]'' in Rome.<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> Apart from philosophical and ideological readings, such as Gramsci's ''mistica'' and the modern [[Machiavellian Prince]],<ref name="Bocca 2019"/> Berlinguer was an avid reader of novels; before his death, he last finished reading one by [[Marguerite Yourcenar]].<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> Very close to his family, he spent every Christmas with his brother and sister-in-law, and never had an hour of vacation without at least one of his children; he also gave regular visits to his ninety-year-old aunt, Iole Siglienti, every time she came in [[Cagliari]].<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> He was a fan of [[Roberto Benigni]], about whom he said that he made him laugh even before he said his jokes, and iconic is the photo of him, laughing in Benigni's arms at the Villa Borghese Festival. Berlinguer almost never understood [[Giorgio Forattini]]'s cartoons, and said: "He's our enemy."<ref name="Lilli 2019"/> Within the context of the [[Years of Lead (Italy)|Years of Lead]], Berlinguer had a security escort that included an armoured [[Alfa Romeo 2000 Berlina]]. Alberto Menichelli, Berlinguer's personal car driver, said that "if Moro had had it, they wouldn't have been able to do what happened in via Fani". Menichelli, who said that it was an honour to be able to accompagny Berlinguer for fifteen years, continued to keep his memory alive with the Enrico Berlinguer Quadraro-Cinecittà cultural association, exhibitions, and other initiatives and about 300 members.<ref>{{cite news|last=Vitali|first=Alessandra|date=9 June 2019|url=https://www.repubblica.it/dossier/cultura/enrico-berlinguer-35/2019/06/09/news/alberto_menichelli_storico_autista_di_enrico_berlinguer-228368600/|title=Alberto Menichelli, storico autista di Enrico Berlinguer|work=La Repubblica|language=it|access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> A fan of [[motorcycle]]s,<ref>{{cite news|last=Rondolino|first=Fabrizio|date=2022|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ONtEAAAQBAJ|title=Il nostro Berlinguer. Racconti e immagini di una vita straordinaria|language=it|location=Milan|publisher=Rizzoli|isbn=978-8-8318-0823-1}}</ref> Berlinguer came to be the owner of an [[Harley Davidson]].<ref name="Sbaraglia 2022"/> [[Renzo Trivelli]] told ''[[Corriere della Sera]]'' that Berlinguer bought "a Harley Davidson that [was] too big for him; when he arrives at the [PCI] offices, his supervisors help him get on and off the vehicle. A few months later, citing security reasons, the party forbade him to use it."<ref>{{cite web|last=Prosino|first=Samuele|date=14 August 2022|url=https://www.formulapassion.it/automoto/mondomoto/la-harley-davidson-di-berlinguer|title=La Harley-Davidson di Berlinguer|language=it|website=FormulaPassion|access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>
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