Editing Elm (section)

==== Insects ====
[[File:Xanthogaleruca luteola MHNT Dos.jpg|thumb|The [[Xanthogaleruca luteola|elm leaf beetle]]]]
Most serious of the elm pests is the [[Xanthogaleruca luteola|elm leaf beetle]] ''Xanthogaleruca luteola'', which can decimate foliage, although rarely with fatal results. The beetle was accidentally introduced to North America from Europe. Another unwelcome immigrant to North America is the [[Japanese beetle]] ''Popillia japonica''. In both instances, the beetles cause far more damage in North America owing to the absence of the predators in their native lands. In Australia, introduced elm trees are sometimes used as food plants by the larvae of [[Hepialidae|hepialid]] [[moth]]s of the genus ''[[Aenetus]]''. These burrow horizontally into the trunk then vertically down.<ref>{{Cite Americana|wstitle=Elm-Insects}}</ref><ref>{{Cite NIE|year=1905|wstitle=Elm-Insects}}</ref> Circa 2000, the Asian Zig-zag sawfly ''[[Aproceros leucopoda]]'' appeared in Europe and North America, although in England, its impact has been minimal and it is no longer monitored.<ref name = Forest>[https://www.forestresearch.gov.uk/.../elm-zigzag-sawfly-aproceros-leucopoda Elm zigzag sawfly (Aproceros leucopoda)]</ref>