Editing Edith Cavell (section)

==Memorials==
{{For|places and organisations named after her|List of dedications to Edith Cavell}}
Following Cavell's death, many memorials were created around the world to remember her.

* A [[Edith Cavell Memorial|stone memorial, including a statue of Cavell]] by [[George Frampton]] was unveiled opposite the entrance to the [[National Portrait Gallery, London|National Portrait Gallery]] near [[Trafalgar Square]] in London.{{sfn|British Pathe|1920}}{{sfn|Reuter's|1920}}
* A memorial tower added to [[St. Mary & St. George Anglican Church|St Mary & St George Anglican Church]] in Alberta, Canada was dedicated to her.{{sfn|Smith|1985|p=14}} 
* [[Edith Cavell Bridge]], Arthurs Point, Queenstown, New Zealand
* Memorial gardens are dedicated to her in [[Inverness]], Scotland 
* Memorial gardens are dedicated to her in [[Ararat, Victoria]], Australia, established by the Mother's Club of the State School in 1931.{{sfn|State Government of Victoria}} 
* The [[Edith Cavell Memorial (Melbourne)]], a bust of her on a stone pedestal, was unveiled in [[Kings Domain]] in [[Melbourne, Australia]] in 1926.{{sfn|Monument Australia|2017}} 
* A memorial statue by [[Henry Alfred Pegram]] was unveiled in 1918 by [[Alexandra of Denmark|Queen Alexandra]] in the grounds of [[Norwich Cathedral]], during the opening of a home for nurses, which also bore her name.{{sfn|The Times|1918}}
* A memorial bust on Tombland, Norwich, outside Norwich Cathedral.
* Her name is included on the war memorial at Sacred Trinity Church on Chapel Street, [[Salford]] where she worshipped.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1441038|desc=Sacred Trinity, Salford War Memorial|access-date=19 July 2020|grade=II}}</ref> 
* She is named on the memorial to the 35 people executed by the German army in Tir national in [[Schaerbeek]], Brussels, Belgium.
* St Mary's Church in Swardeston holds her portrait,{{sfn|Grant|1995|p=11}} and the village holds an annual flower festival on 12 October in her memory.
* A portrait of her is included in the mural of heroic women by [[Walter P. Starmer]] unveiled in 1921 in [[St Jude's Church, Hampstead Garden Suburb]], London.{{sfn|Walker|2015a}}{{sfn|Walker|2015b}} 
* There are memorial plaques to her in both [[Peterborough Cathedral]],{{sfn|Peterborough Cathedral}} and St Leonard's Hospital, Hackney, London. The Peterborough memorial was designed by [[Temple Moore]] and carved by [[Mahomet Thomas Phillips]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edith Louisa Cavell |url=https://www.iwm.org.uk/memorials/item/memorial/46481 |access-date=2022-10-21 |website=Imperial War Museums |language=en}}</ref> 
* A blue plaque in [[West Runton]], Norfolk, outside Cumberland Cottage reads "Edith Cavell 1865–1915 Nursing Pioneer Spent Holidays Here 1908–1914".{{sfn|Goodwin|1994}} 
* A joint memorial to Cavell and [[Marie Depage]] by [[Paul Du Bois]] is in Brussels
* A stone memorial to her in Paris was one of two statues that [[Adolf Hitler]] ordered to be destroyed on his 1940 visit there (the other being that of the French general [[Charles Mangin]]).{{sfn|Goodwin|1994}}
* In May 2016 a simulation training suite at the University of Salford was jointly named after Cavell and another First World War nurse, Minnie Wood; [[Diana Souhami]], the author of a biography of Cavell, and Dr Claire Chatterton, chair of the [[Royal College of Nursing]]’s History of Nursing Society, both gave presentations.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ford |first=Steve |date=10 May 2016 |title=Salford training suites named in honour of WWI nurses |url=https://www.nursingtimes.net/news/education/salford-training-suites-named-in-honour-of-wwi-nurses-10-05-2016 |journal=[[The Nursing Times]]}}</ref>
* A memorial to Edith Cavell and Canadian Nurses during The Great War outside the University Street entrance of [[Toronto General Hospital]] in [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada.
* [[Mount Edith Cavell]], Alberta, Canada was named in her memory in 1916.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Karamitsanis |first=A. |title=Place Names of Alberta, vol. 1}}</ref>

===In religion and culture===
* The French singer [[Édith Piaf]], born two months after Edith Cavell's execution, was named after her. The name "Édith", hitherto rare in France, became more common there after 1915.<ref>{{cite news|first=Thirza |last=Vallois |title=Two Paris Love Stories |url=http://www.paris.org/Kiosque/feb98/love.html |publisher=Paris Kiosque |date=February 1998 |access-date=9 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714183814/http://www.paris.org/Kiosque/feb98/love.html |archive-date=14 July 2007 }}</ref>
* In the [[Calendar of saints (Church of England)|Church of England's calendar of saints]], the day appointed for the [[Commemoration (Anglicanism)|commemoration]] of Cavell is [[October 12|12 October]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Calendar |url=https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-and-worship/worship-texts-and-resources/common-worship/churchs-year/calendar |access-date=9 April 2021 |website=The Church of England}}</ref> This is a memorial in her honour rather than formal [[canonisation]], and so not a "saint's feast day" in the traditional sense.
* In 2022, Cavell was officially added to the [[Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)|United States Episcopal Church liturgical calendar]] with a feast day on 12 October.<ref>{{Cite web |title=General Convention Virtual Binder |url=https://www.vbinder.net/resolutions/24?house=HD&lang=en |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=www.vbinder.net |archive-date=13 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913143652/https://www.vbinder.net/resolutions/24?house=HD&lang=en |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Films, plays and television===
[[File:The Woman the Germans Shot.jpg|thumb|Advertisement for ''The Woman the Germans Shot'']]
* The first film made of Cavell's life story was the 1916 Australian silent film ''[[The Martyrdom of Nurse Cavell]]'' soon followed by ''[[Nurse Cavell]]'' later the same year.
* In 1918 [[John G. Adolfi]] directed ''[[The Woman the Germans Shot]]'', starring [[Julia Arthur]] as Cavell
* In 1925 [[Eva Elwes]] wrote a play ''Edith Cavell, Nurse and Martyr''. It was refused a licence by the Lord Chamberlain after consultation with Cavell's sisters. After changes to the title and characters the play was granted a licence as ''The Price She Paid'' and performed in 1927.{{sfn|Aldgate|Robertson|2005|pp=42–43}} 
* [[Herbert Wilcox]] made a 1928 silent film called ''[[Dawn (1928 film)|Dawn]]'' with [[Sybil Thorndike]]. He remade it as ''[[Nurse Edith Cavell]]'' (1939) starring [[Anna Neagle]] and [[George Sanders]].
* ''Nurse Cavell'', a play in three acts, by [[C. S. Forester]] with [[C. E. Bechhofer Roberts]]{{sfn|Roberts and Forester|1933}} opened at the Vaudeville Theatre in London on 7 March 1934, where it ran for 34 performances.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last=Wearing|first=J. P.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/22112586|title=The London stage, 1930-1939 : a calendar of plays and players|date=1990|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=0-8108-2349-7|location=Metuchen, N.J.|oclc=22112586}}</ref> The play had first been performed at the [[Q Theatre]] in the suburbs.<ref name=":0" />
* In the second episode of the 1980 television series ''[[To Serve Them All My Days (TV series)|To Serve Them All My Days]]'', Cavell is mentioned in a speech to the school's [[Officers' Training Corps]].
* In ''[[Les plus grands Belges]]'' ("The Greatest Belgians"), a 2005 television show on the Belgian French-speaking public channel RTBF, the audience voted Cavell the 48th-greatest Belgian.
* In the final episode of the 2014 BBC drama series ''[[The Crimson Field]]'', Cavell is mentioned as having been executed, during the interrogation of Sister Joan Livesey.
* ''Patriot'', a play by Angela Moffat, premiered at the [[Grand Theatre Arts Wing, Swansea]] in October 2014 with Claire Novelli appearing as Cavell. It was produced by Fluellen Theatre Company.

===Music===
* ''Edith Cavell'' is the third and final opera by Maltese composer [[Paolino Vassallo]] (1856–1923). A melodrama in three acts to a libretto by Alfonso Giglio, it received its première at the [[Royal Opera House, Valletta]], Malta, on 21 March 1927, four years after Vassallo's death, and was an immediate success.
* The song "Saint Stephen's End" by [[the Felice Brothers]] from their 2008 album ''[[The Felice Brothers (album)|The Felice Brothers]]'' includes a verse about the death of Cavell.
* The song "Amy Quartermaine" by [[Manning (Band)|Manning]] from the 2011 album ''[[Margaret's Children]]'' is also based on the life of Cavell.
* The song "Que Sera" on the album ''[[Silent June]]'' by [[O'Hooley & Tidow]] was inspired by the execution of Cavell.{{sfn|O'Hooley|2011}}
* A patriotic song, "Remember Nurse Cavell" (words by Gordon V. Thompson, music by Jules Brazil) appeared with 1915 British copyright.
* The 2024 song "Portraits of Edith Cavell" by British composer Ryan Linham was commissioned in 2023 by the PTC Record Label and Samantha Barnhart. The piece was commissioned as an effort to further Edith's legacy of heroism and highlight a female historical figure from a time when women around the world were making an impact through service and dedication, but might not have been given the acknowledgement or place in history that they deserved. The song's various movements each depict a part of Edith's unique life through the lens of some of her strongest qualities including service, purpose, dedication, and passion.<ref>{{cite web |title=Linham - Portraits of Edith Cavell ii. Humanitarian Passion - Trumpet Trio | website=[[YouTube]] | date=16 April 2024 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRAhHtaZkm0}}</ref>

===Centenary===
[[File:XII Execution of Edith Cavell painting by Brian Whelan 2015.jpg|thumb|right|''XII – Execution of Edith Cavell'', one of 14 paintings on Cavell by [[Brian Whelan]] in [[Norwich Cathedral]]]]
[[File:Edith Cavel Memorial - statue.jpg|thumb|right|alt=A marble statue of Edith Cavell in nurse's uniform backed by a large granite column|Detail of the [[Edith Cavell Memorial]], St Martin's Place, London]]
[[File:Monument Cavell-Depage Bxl.JPG|thumb|right|Monument to Edith Cavell and [[Marie Depage]], Brussels]]
Although the centenary of her death was in 2015, she was also remembered by three new musical pieces in 2014 during commemorations of the outbreak of World War One:
* ''Standing as I do before God'' by [[Cecilia McDowall]] - an ''a cappella'' choral setting of the last reported words of Cavell for soprano solo and five-part choir.
* ''The Scarlet Flower'' by [[Nigel Clarke (composer)|Nigel Clarke]] - a Concertino for Flugelhorn & Strings recorded on [[Toccata Classics]] by Longbow String Ensemble.
* ''An Epitaph for Edith Cavell'' by [[Nigel Clarke (composer)|Nigel Clarke]] - a solo violin piece recorded on [[Toccata Classics]] by [[Peter Sheppard Skaerved]].

To commemorate the centenary of her death in 2015, work went ahead to restore Cavell's grave in the grounds of Norwich Cathedral after being awarded a £50,000 grant and was completed in 2016.{{sfn|BBC News|2014b}} and fourteen paintings by [[Brian Whelan]] were commissioned by [[Norwich Cathedral]] to commemorate Cavell's life and death.{{sfn|Whelan|2015|p=12}} [[Norwich Cathedral]] held a memorial service, performed live on BBC Radio 4 on 11 October 2015. In addition to cathedral clergy, guests such as General [[Richard Dannatt]], and actress [[Matilda Ziegler]] performed various spoken vignettes organised by Canon Peter Doll. [[Anto Morra]] sang unaccompanied his "Edith Louisa Cavell" lyrics to a tune written by Percy Paradise.{{sfn|Alhadeff|2015}}

The centenary was also marked by two new musical compositions. The 40-minute oratorio ''Eventide: In Memoriam Edith Cavell'' by [[Patrick Hawes]] premiered in [[Norwich Cathedral]] in July 2014{{sfn|BBC News|2014c}} and had its London premiere in [[St Clement Danes]], The Strand, London on 12 October 2015, the exact centenary of her death. The Belgian Edith Cavell Commemoration Group also commissioned a 20-minute-long setting of the Latin Mass by David Mitchell for the centenary - it premiered in [[Holy Trinity, Brussels|Holy Trinity Pro-Cathedral, Brussels]] on 10 October 2015, in the same choir stalls where Cavell sang in 1915, with [[Joseph Haydn|Haydn's]] ''[[Missa in Angustiis]]'' also performed at the same concert.{{sfn|Mitchell|2015}}

Cavell was featured on a UK commemorative £5 coin, part of a set issued in 2015 by the [[Royal Mint]] to mark the centenary of the war.{{sfn|BBC News|2014}} On 12 October that year a bust in the Montjoiepark in [[Uccle]], Belgium, was inaugurated by [[Princess Anne, Princess Royal]] of Great Britain and Princess [[Astrid of Belgium]]. 2015 also saw a tombstone-shaped monument erected in the memorial garden dedicated to her in Inverness.

On the centenary of her execution, an event funded by the [[University of Salford]] took place at Sacred Trinity where historian Sir [[Ian Kershaw]] and Christine Hallett of the UK Centre for the History of Nursing and Midwifery, spoke.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Edith Cavell |url=https://bw.leskanaris.com/17264-edith-cavell.html |access-date=2 February 2022 |archive-date=2 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202225008/https://bw.leskanaris.com/17264-edith-cavell.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The memorial on her grave was renewed in 2016.<ref>{{cite web |title=Edith Cavell's new grave dedicated |url=https://www.cathedral.org.uk/about/news/detail/2016/05/16/edith-cavell's-new-grave-dedicated |website=Cathedral.org.uk |access-date=23 October 2020}}</ref> On 4 December 2018 a [[Google Doodle]] was created to celebrate her 153rd birthday.{{sfn|Google|2018}} The centenary of her repatriation in May 2019 was marked by another half-muffled peal of bells at St Martin's Church in Dover.