Editing Dubbing (section)

===Africa===
====North Africa, Western Asia====
In [[Algeria]], [[Morocco]], and [[Tunisia]], most foreign movies (especially Hollywood productions) are shown dubbed in French. These movies are usually imported directly from French film distributors. The choice of movies dubbed into French can be explained by the widespread use of the French language. Another important factor is that local theaters and private media companies do not dub in local languages in order to avoid high costs, but also because of the lack of both expertise and demand.{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}

Beginning in the 1980s, dubbed series and movies for children in [[Modern Standard Arabic]] became a popular choice among most TV channels, cinemas and VHS/DVD stores. However, dubbed films are still imported, and dubbing is still performed in the [[Levant]] countries with a strong tradition of dubbing (mainly [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]] and [[Jordan]]). [[Egypt]] was the first Arab country in charge of dubbing [[Disney]] movies in 1975 and used to do it exclusively in [[Egyptian Arabic]] rather than [[Modern Standard Arabic]] until 2011, and since then many other companies started dubbing their productions in this dialect. Beginning with ''[[Encanto]]'', Disney movies are now dubbed in both dialects.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Staff Reporter |date=2022-03-05 |title=Disney brings back Egyptian dubbing with animated film 'Encanto' |url=https://www.broadcastprome.com/news/disney-brings-back-egyptian-dubbing-with-animated-film-encanto/ |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=BroadcastPro ME |language=en-US}}</ref>

In the Arabic-speaking countries, children's shows (mainly cartoons and kids sitcoms) are dubbed in Arabic, or Arabic subtitles are used. The only exception was [[telenovelas]] dubbed in Standard Arabic, or dialects, but also Turkish series, most notably [[Gümüş (TV series)|Gümüş]], in Syrian Arabic.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Buccianti |first=Alexandra |date=2010-03-30 |title=Turkish soap operas in the Arab world: social liberation or cultural alienation? |url=https://www.arabmediasociety.com/turkish-soap-operas-in-the-arab-world-social-liberation-or-cultural-alienation/ |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=Arab Media & Society |language=en-US}}</ref>

An example of Arabic voice actors that dub for certain performers is Safi Mohammed for [[Elijah Wood]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}

In [[Tunisia]], the Tunisia National Television (TNT), the public broadcaster of Tunisia, is not allowed to show content in any language other than Arabic, which forces it to broadcast only dubbed content (this restriction was recently removed for commercials). During the 1970s and 1980s, TNT (known as ERTT at the time) started dubbing famous cartoons in Tunisian and Standard Arabic. However, in the private sector, television channels are not subject to the language rule.{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}

====South Africa====
In [[South Africa]], many television programs were dubbed in [[Afrikaans]], with the original soundtrack (usually in English, but sometimes [[Dutch language|Dutch]] or [[German language|German]]) "[[simulcast]]" in [[FM stereo#Stereo FM|FM stereo]] on [[Radio 2000]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-NRDAQAAIAAJ&q=Radio+2000+afrikaans ''The voice, the vision: a sixty year history of the South African Broadcasting Corporation''], Malcolm Theunissen, Victor Nikitin, Melanie Pillay, Advent Graphics, 1996, page 120</ref> These included US series such as ''[[The Six Million Dollar Man]]'' ''(Steve Austin: Die Man van Staal)'',<ref>[http://www.tvsa.co.za/mastershowinfo.asp?mastershowid=2293 The Six Million Dollar Man], TVSA - The South African TV Authority</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=oWvoAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Steve+Austin%22+%22Die+Man+van+Staal%22 ''Kaapse bibliotekaris''], Volume 26, Library Service, 1982, page 14</ref> ''[[Miami Vice]]'' ''(Misdaad in Miami)'',<ref>{{cite news |title=Shows Allow Blacks, Whites to Share Cultural Experiences: South African Viewers Get a Mixed TV Message From U.S. Programs |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-05-25-mn-7271-story.html |access-date=14 August 2012 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=25 May 1986|author=Glenn Frankel}}</ref> ''[[Beverly Hills 90210]]'',<ref>[http://mg.co.za/article/1996-02-09-the-critics-thumbs-up/ The critics' thumbs-up], ''[[Mail & Guardian]]'', 9 February 1996</ref> and the German detective series ''[[Derrick (TV series)|Derrick]]''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7h1DAQAAIAAJ&q=derrick+|title=Mass Media, Towards the Millennium|isbn=9780627023248|access-date=9 July 2015|last1=Beer|first1=Arrie De|year=1998|publisher=J.L. van Schaik }}</ref>

As a result of the [[boycott]] by the [[United Kingdom|British]] actors' union [[Equity (trade union)|Equity]], which banned the sale of most British television programs, the [[puppet]] series ''[[The Adventures of Rupert Bear]]'' was dubbed into [[South African English]], as the original voices had been recorded by Equity voice artists.<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Bevan |first=Carin |year=2008 |title=Putting up screens: A history of television in South Africa, 1929-1976 |type=MHCS dissertation |publisher=University of Pretoria |location=Pretoria |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/24845 |access-date=15 December 2022 |hdl=2263/24845 |page=167}}</ref>

This practice has declined as a result of the reduction of airtime for the language on [[SABC]] TV, and the increase of locally produced material in Afrikaans on other channels like [[KykNet]]. Similarly, many programs, such as ''[[The Jeffersons]]'', were dubbed into [[Zulu language|Zulu]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Lelyveld |first=Joseph |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/22/magazine/22SAFR.html?&pagewanted=all |title=South Africa: Dream and Reality |work=The New York Times Magazine |date=22 September 1985 |access-date=30 November 2010}}</ref> but this has also declined as local drama production has increased. However, some animated films, such as ''[[Maya the Bee (film)|Maya the Bee]]'', have been dubbed in both Afrikaans and Zulu by local artists.<ref>[http://www.channel24.co.za/Movies/News/Maya-the-Bee-flick-dubbed-into-Afrikaans-and-Zulu-for-SA-audience-20150910 Maya the Bee flick dubbed into Afrikaans and Zulu for SA audience], [[News24 (website)|Channel24]], 18 September 2015</ref> In 2018, [[eExtra]] began showing the Turkish drama series ''[[Paramparça (TV series)|Paramparça]]'' dubbed in Afrikaans as ''Gebroke Harte'' or "Broken Hearts", the first foreign drama to be dubbed in the language for twenty years.<ref>[https://nextvnews.com/eextras-brand-new-kuiertyd-premieres-soon/ eExtra's brand new 'KuierTyd' premieres soon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606055404/https://nextvnews.com/eextras-brand-new-kuiertyd-premieres-soon/ |date=6 June 2020 }}, Nextv News, 1 October 2018</ref>

====Uganda====
Uganda's [[Cinema of Uganda|own film industry]] is fairly small, and foreign movies are commonly watched. The English soundtrack is often accompanied by the [[Luganda]] translation and comments, provided by a Ugandan "video jockey" (VJ). VJ's interpreting and narration may be available in a recorded form or live.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/baobab/2012/11/cinema-uganda |title=Coming to you live
|date=2 November 2012|newspaper=The Economist|first=M|last=H}}</ref>