Editing Cumae (section)

===Surviving ancient monuments===
[[File:The Thermae of the Forum, Cumae, Italy (9042635234).jpg|thumb|The Thermae of the Forum]]
The visible monuments include:
*Temple of Diana
*Capitoline temple of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva
*Temple of Isis
*Temple of Demeter
* Temple of Apollo, built in the 6th or 5th century BC, renewed in the late 4th century BC and again under Augustus, transformed into a church around 500 AD.<ref>Wolf, Markus (2023). ''Hellenistische Heiligtümer in Kampanien. Sakralarchitektur im Grenzgebiet zwischen Großgriechenland und Rom'' [Hellenistic sanctuaries in Campania. Sacred architecture in the border region between Greater Greece and Rome]. DAI Rom Sonderschriften, vol. 26. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, {{ISBN|978-3-447-11940-5}}, pp. 15-34, plates 23-62 and inserts 1-2.</ref>
*The Acropolis
*Arco Felice
*The Forum
*Grotta di Cocceio
*Crypta Romana
*Masseria del Gigante

====Arco Felice====
[[File:S04 172 Arco Felice.jpg|thumb|upright|Arco Felice and via Domitiana in use today]]
The Arco Felice was a 20 m high monumental entrance to the city built in a cut through Monte Grillo which [[Domitian]] made in 95 AD to avoid the long detour imposed by the [[via Appia]], and allow easier access to Cumae along what was later called the [[via Domitiana]] while the bridge also carried a road along the ridge of the hill. It was built of brick and tiled in marble, and surmounted by two rows of arches of lighter concrete covered with brick. The piers had three niches on both sides where statues were placed.

The via Domitiana, whose paving is still perfectly preserved and is in continuous use today, connected to the via Appia, the artery of communication with Rome, as well as with Pozzuoli and Naples.

The arch probably replaced a smaller gate from Greek times and in a higher position.

====Crypta Romana====
The Crypta Romana is a tunnel dug into the tufa under the Cuma hill, crossing the acropolis in an east-west direction, giving an easier route from the city to the sea. Its construction is part of the set of military enhancement works built by [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|Agrippa]] for Augustus and designed by Lucius [[Cocceius Auctus]] in 37 BC, including the construction of the new Portus Iulius and its connection with the port of Cumae through the so-called Grotta di Cocceio and the Crypta Romana itself.

With the displacement of the fleet from Portus Iulius to the port of Miseno in 12 BCE and the end of the Civil War between Octavian and Mark Antony in 31 BCE the tunnel lost its strategic value. The forum entrance was made monumental with 4 statue niches in 95 AD at the same time as the Arco Felice was built.<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41587083| title=McKAY, A. (1997). THE MONUMENTS OF CUMAE. Vergilius, 43, 78-88. |website=www.jstor.org| jstor=41587083 }} </ref> An avalanche closed the sea entrance in the 3rd c. After 397 it was reopened. In the Christian age it was used as a cemetery area; in the 6th c. the Byzantine general Narsete tried to use it to reach the city during the siege of Cumae, but weakened the structure and a large section of the vault collapsed.

It was brought to light between 1925 and 1931 by the archaeologist Amedeus Maiuri.