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===Cognitive perspective on natural language processing=== Cognitive linguistics offers a scientific [[first principle]] direction for quantifying states-of-mind through [[natural language processing]]. <ref>{{cite journal |title=Semantic measures: Using natural language processing to measure, differentiate, and describe psychological constructs |last=Kjell |journal=Psychological Methods |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=92–115 |year=2019 |doi=10.1037/met0000191 |pmid=29963879 |s2cid=49642731 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326141366}}</ref> As mentioned earlier Cognitive Linguistics, approaches grammar with a nontraditional view. Traditionally [[grammar]] has been defined as a set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases and words in a natural language. From the perspective of Cognitive Linguistics, grammar is seen as the rules of arrangement of language which best serve communication of the experience of the human organism through its [[Cognitive skill|cognitive skills]] which include perception, attention, motor skills, and visual and spatial processing.<ref name="Croft&Cruse_2004" /> Such rules are derived from observing the conventionalized pairings of meaning to understand sub-context in the evolution of language patterns. <ref name="Dahl_2001" /> The cognitive approach to identifying sub-context by observing what comes before and after each linguistic construct provides a grounding of meaning in terms of sensorimotoric embodied experience. <ref name="Ibarretxe-Antuñano_2002" /> When taken together, these two perspectives form the basis of defining approaches in [[computational linguistics]] with strategies to work through the [[symbol grounding problem]] which posits that, for a computer, a word is merely a symbol, which is a symbol for another symbol and so on in an unending chain without grounding in human experience. <ref>Vogt, Paul. "[http://ilk.uvt.nl/~pvogt/publications/acsChapter.pdf Language evolution and robotics: issues on symbol grounding and language acquisition]." Artificial cognition systems. IGI Global, 2007. 176–209.</ref> The broad set of tools and methods of [[computational linguistics]] are available as [[natural language processing]] or NLP. Cognitive linguistics adds a new set of capabilities to NLP. These cognitive NLP methods enable software to analyze sub-context in terms of internal embodied experience. <ref name="Ibarretxe-Antuñano_2002" />
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