Editing Clematis (section)

==Garden history==
''[[Clematis patens]]'' [[C.Morren]] ''et'' [[Decne.]] ([[:ja:カザグルマ|Kazaguruma]]), native to Japan, was introduced to Europe in 1836 by [[Philipp Franz von Siebold|Philipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold]]. Today, it is the most frequently used species for developing large-flowered cultivars.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Kaneko |first=Akihito |title=Clematis |publisher=NHK |year=2017 |isbn=978-4-14-040277-1 |location=Tokyo |pages=P9}}</ref>

The wild ''Clematis'' species, such as ''Clematis florida'', native to China had also made their way into Japanese gardens by the 17th century.<ref name=":1" /> These species were also brought to Europe through Japan.<ref name=":2" />

Japanese garden selections, mostly cultivated in [[Edo period|Edo Period]] using species that are native to Japan or China,<ref name=":0" /> were the first exotic clematises to reach European gardens, in the 18th century, long before the Chinese species were identified in their native habitat at the end of the 19th century.<ref name=":1">Coats (1964) 1992.</ref>

After it arrived in Europe, it acquired several meanings during the [[Victorian era]], famous for its nuanced [[Language of flowers|flower symbolism]]. It came to symbolize both mental beauty and art as well as [[poverty]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.languageofflowers.com/flowermeaning.htm |title=Language of Flowers - Flower Meanings, Flower Sentiments |website=www.languageofflowers.com|access-date=2016-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124141728/http://languageofflowers.com/flowermeaning.htm|archive-date=2016-11-24|url-status=dead}}</ref>