Editing Christian IV of Denmark (section)

===Exploration and colonies===
{{See also|Action of 19 February 1619|Conquest of Koneswaram Temple}}
[[File:Danish_Expedition_in_Ceylon.png|thumb|267x267px|Danish routes of their expedition in Ceylon. [[Roland Crappé|Roland Crappé's]] navigations is shown in blue, while Ove Gjedde's is shown in red]]
Despite Christian's many efforts, the new economic projects did not return a profit. He looked abroad for new income. [[Christian IV's Expeditions to Greenland]] involved a series of voyages in the years 1605–1607 to Greenland and to Arctic waterways in order to locate the lost [[Eastern Settlement|Eastern Norse Settlement]] and to assert Danish sovereignty over Greenland. The expeditions were unsuccessful, partly due to leaders lacking experience with the difficult Arctic ice and weather conditions. The pilot on all three trips was English explorer [[James Hall (explorer)|James Hall]]. An expedition to North America was commissioned in 1619. The expedition was captained by [[Denmark–Norway|Dano-Norwegian]] navigator and explorer, [[Jens Munk]]. The ships, searching for the [[Northwest Passage]], arrived in [[Hudson Bay]] landing at the mouth of [[Churchill River (Hudson Bay)|Churchill River]], settling at what is now [[Churchill, Manitoba]]. However, it was a disastrous voyage, with cold, famine, and [[scurvy]] killing most of the crew.<ref name="gad" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=''Jens Munk – Scandinavia's First Great Polar Explorer'' (The Council of Europe Cultural Routes) |url=http://www.ub.uit.no/northernlights/eng/munk.htm |access-date=28 June 2014 |publisher=Ub.uit.no}}</ref>

In 1618, Christian appointed Admiral [[Ove Gjedde]] to lead an expedition and establish a Danish colony in [[Ceylon]]. The expedition set sail in 1618, taking two years to reach Ceylon and losing more than half their crew on the way. Upon arriving in May 1620, the establishment of a [[Conquest of Koneswaram Temple|colony in Ceylon failed]],<ref>Esther Fihl (2009). "Shipwrecked on the Coromandel: The First Indo–Danish Contact, 1620". ''Review of Development and Change '''''14''' (1&2): 19–40</ref> but instead the ''Nayak'' of Tanjore (now Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu) turned out to be interested in trading opportunities and a treaty was negotiated granting the Danes the village of [[Tranquebar]] (or Tarangamabadi) on India's south coast<ref>{{Cite book |last=Larsen |first=Kay |title=Volume 1 of Dansk-Ostindiske Koloniers historie: Trankebar |publisher=Jørgensen |year=1907 |pages=167–169}}</ref> and the right to construct a "stone house" ([[Fort Dansborg]]) and levy taxes.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bredsdorff |first=Asta |title=The Trials and Travels of Willem Leyel: An Account of the Danish East India Company in Tranquebar, 1639–48 |publisher=Museum Tusculanum Press |year=2009 |isbn=9788763530231 |page=13}}</ref> The treaty was signed on 20 November 1620, establishing [[Danish India|Denmark's first colony in India]]. Christian also assigned the privilege establishing the [[Danish East India Company]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gronseth |first=Kristian |year=2007 |title=A Little Piece of Denmark in India |url=https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/16719/Completexxversionx6.1xxmedxinnholdsfortegnelse.pdf?sequence=1 |access-date=7 July 2013 |publisher=Department of Social Anthropology, University of Oslo |format=PDF |ref=Gronseth}}</ref>