Editing Blood pressure (section)

==Aortic pressure==
{{Main|Aortic pressure}}
[[Aortic pressure]], also called central aortic blood pressure, or central blood pressure, is the blood pressure at the root of the [[aorta]]. Elevated aortic pressure has been found to be a more accurate predictor of both cardiovascular events and mortality, as well as structural changes in the heart, than has peripheral blood pressure (such as measured through the [[brachial artery]]).<ref name="Roman Devereux Kizer Lee 2007 pp. 197–203">{{cite journal | last1=Roman | first1=Mary J. | last2=Devereux | first2=Richard B. | last3=Kizer | first3=Jorge R. | last4=Lee | first4=Elisa T. | last5=Galloway | first5=James M. | last6=Ali | first6=Tauqeer | last7=Umans | first7=Jason G. | last8=Howard | first8=Barbara V. | title=Central Pressure More Strongly Relates to Vascular Disease and Outcome Than Does Brachial Pressure | journal=Hypertension | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=50 | issue=1 | year=2007 | issn=0194-911X | doi=10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.089078 | pages=197–203| pmid=17485598 }}</ref><ref name="Kesten Qasem Avolio 2022 pp. 128–139">{{cite journal | last1=Kesten | first1=Steven | last2=Qasem | first2=Ahmad | last3=Avolio | first3=Alberto | title=Viewpoint: The Case for Non-Invasive Central Aortic Pressure Monitoring in the Management of Hypertension | journal=Artery Research | volume=28 | issue=4 | date=2022-10-20 | issn=1876-4401 | doi=10.1007/s44200-022-00023-z | pages=128–139| doi-access=free }}</ref> Traditionally it involved an invasive procedure to measure aortic pressure, but now there are non-invasive methods of measuring it indirectly without a significant margin of error.<ref name="Avolio 2008 pp. 1470–1471">{{cite journal | last=Avolio | first=Alberto | title=Central Aortic Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk: A Paradigm Shift? | journal=Hypertension | volume=51 | issue=6 | date=2008 | issn=0194-911X | doi=10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.108910 | pages=1470–1471| pmid=18426994 }}</ref><ref name="Chen Nevo Fetics Pak 1997 pp. 1827–1836">{{cite journal | last1=Chen | first1=Chen-Huan | last2=Nevo | first2=Erez | last3=Fetics | first3=Barry | last4=Pak | first4=Peter H. | last5=Yin | first5=Frank C.P. | last6=Maughan | first6=W. Lowell | last7=Kass | first7=David A. | title=Estimation of Central Aortic Pressure Waveform by Mathematical Transformation of Radial Tonometry Pressure | journal=Circulation | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=95 | issue=7 | year=1997 | issn=0009-7322 | doi=10.1161/01.cir.95.7.1827 | pages=1827–1836| pmid=9107170 }}</ref>

Certain researchers have argued for physicians to begin using aortic pressure, as opposed to peripheral blood pressure, as a guide for clinical decisions.<ref name="McEniery Cockcroft Roman Franklin 2014 pp. 1719–1725">{{cite journal | last1=McEniery | first1=Carmel M. | last2=Cockcroft | first2=John R. | last3=Roman | first3=Mary J. | last4=Franklin | first4=Stanley S. | last5=Wilkinson | first5=Ian B. | title=Central blood pressure: current evidence and clinical importance | journal=European Heart Journal | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=35 | issue=26 | date=23 Jan 2014 | issn=1522-9645 | doi=10.1093/eurheartj/eht565 | pages=1719–1725| pmid=24459197 | pmc=4155427 }}</ref><ref name="Kesten Qasem Avolio 2022 pp. 128–139"/> The way antihypertensive drugs impact peripheral blood pressure can often be very different from the way they impact central aortic pressure.<ref name="The CAFE Investigators CAFE Steering Committee and Writing Committee Williams Lacy 2006 pp. 1213–1225">{{cite journal | author=The CAFE Investigators | author2=CAFE Steering Committee and Writing Committee | last3=Williams | first3=Bryan | last4=Lacy | first4=Peter S. | last5=Thom | first5=Simon M. | last6=Cruickshank | first6=Kennedy | last7=Stanton | first7=Alice | last8=Collier | first8=David | last9=Hughes | first9=Alun D. | last10=Thurston | first10=H. | last11=O'Rourke | first11=Michael | title=Differential Impact of Blood Pressure–Lowering Drugs on Central Aortic Pressure and Clinical Outcomes: Principal Results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) Study | journal=Circulation | volume=113 | issue=9 | date=2006-03-07 | issn=0009-7322 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.595496 | pages=1213–1225| pmid=16476843 }}</ref>