Editing Biosafety level (section)

== List of BSL-4 facilities ==
{{incomplete list|date=March 2014}}

According to a U.S. [[Government Accountability Office]] (GAO) report published on 4 October 2007, a total of 1,356 CDC/USDA registered BSL-3 facilities were identified throughout the United States.<ref name="gao.gov">{{cite web|url=http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d08108t.pdf|title=High-Containment Biosafety Laboratories: Preliminary Observations on the Oversight of the Proliferation of BSL-3 and BSL-4 Laboratories in the United States|publisher=United States Government Accountability Office|access-date=26 May 2016|date=Oct 4, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160212182444/http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d08108t.pdf|archive-date=12 February 2016}}</ref> Approximately 36% of these laboratories are located in academia. 15 BSL-4 facilities were identified in the U.S. in 2007, including nine at federal labs.<ref name="gao.gov"/> As of May 2021, there are 42 BSL-4 facilities in operation around the world, with a further 17 planned or under construction.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Lentzos |first1=Filippa |last2=Koblentz |first2=Gregory D. |date=May 2021 |title=Mapping Maximum Biological Containment Labs Globally |url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6048d7a0e9652c472e619f6f/t/60ae71cea2219b008f29d4ca/1622045135314/Mapping+BSL4+Labs+Globally+EMBARGOED+until+27+May+2021+1800+CET.pdf |access-date=3 November 2022 |archive-date=1 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101184029/http://static1.squarespace.com/static/6048d7a0e9652c472e619f6f/t/60ae71cea2219b008f29d4ca/1622045135314/Mapping+BSL4+Labs+Globally+EMBARGOED+until+27+May+2021+1800+CET.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<!-- DEFAULT SORT: SORT LIST BY LOCATION: COUNTRY, PROVINCE, CITY, INSTITUTE, FACILITY NAME
DATES SHOULD BE PLACED IN ISO FORMAT: YYYY-MM-DD NOTABILITY: THE FOLLOWING IS A LIST OF NOTABLE BIOSAFETY FACILITIES, LEVEL 4 ARE ACCEPTED BECAUSE OF THE NATURE OF THEIR WORK. -->
The following is a list of existing BSL-4 facilities worldwide.

{| class="sortable wikitable" style="vertical-align:top; font-size:95%;"
! Country
! Location
! Name
! Date<br />established
! Description
|-
| [[Argentina]]
| [[Buenos Aires]]
| [[National Food Safety and Quality Service|National Service of Healthcare and Agriculture Quality]] (SENASA)
|
| Diagnostic laboratory for [[foot-and-mouth disease]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Risk Analysis:Risk of Importing Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Susceptible Species and Products from a region of Patagonia, Argentina |publisher=U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Import Export Services, Veterinary Services |date=January 2014 |url=https://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/2014/01/pdf/Patagonia_Region_Risk_Analysis_Final.pdf |access-date=3 April 2016 |pages=60–62 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021024132/https://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/2014/01/pdf/Patagonia_Region_Risk_Analysis_Final.pdf |archive-date=21 October 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Australia]]
| [[Geelong]], [[Victoria (state)|Victoria]]
| [[Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness]]
| 1985
| Capable of housing from large experimental animals to insects under conditions that exceed all BSL 4 requirements. The antecedent of all such facilities developed since the 1980s. Arguably the most researched design and construction project ever. The ACDP is subdivided into a number of isolation zones that can be managed at differing containment levels concurrently. CSIRO AAHL Project Manager and Architect, William Curnow, provided technical reviews to Canadian, Indian, UK and French Authorities and consulted with Dr Jerry Callis [PIADC] to UN FAO on matters of bio-containment. Formerly known as the Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) and renamed to Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness April 2020
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Melbourne]], [[Victoria (state)|Victoria]]
| [[University of Melbourne]] – Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity
| 2014
| Diagnostic reference lab.<ref>{{cite web |title=Members: The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity |date=May 2013 |publisher=Global Virus Network |url=http://gvn.org/members/australia/ |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320181036/http://gvn.org/members/australia/ |archive-date=20 March 2016 }}</ref><ref name=Racaniello2014>{{cite web |author=Racaniello V |title=Visiting biosafety level-4 laboratories |date=14 July 2014 |url=http://www.virology.ws/2014/07/14/visiting-biosafety-level-4-laboratories/ |access-date=3 April 2016 |website=Virology Blog |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418083602/http://www.virology.ws/2014/07/14/visiting-biosafety-level-4-laboratories/ |archive-date=18 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| National High Security Laboratory
|
| Operates under the auspice of the Victoria Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory.<ref>{{cite web |title=Laboratories: High Security/Quarantine |publisher=Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory |url=http://www.vidrl.org.au/laboratories/high-security-quarantine/ |access-date=8 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419134407/http://www.vidrl.org.au/laboratories/high-security-quarantine/ |archive-date=19 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Belarus]]
| [[Minsk]]
| Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology (RPPCM)
|
| Formerly the SRIEM.<ref name="Kuhn2013" />
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Brazil]]
| [[Pedro Leopoldo]], [[Minas Gerais]]
| [[Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais]] (Lanagro/MG)
| 2014
| Focus on Agropecuary diseases and diagnostics, like the [[foot-and-mouth disease]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Lanagro/MG é o primeiro do Brasil com nível de biossegurança máximo |publisher=MAPA – Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento |date=August 2014 |url=http://www.portaldoagronegocio.com.br/noticia/lanagro-mg-e-o-primeiro-do-brasil-com-nivel-de-biosseguranca-maximo-114016 |access-date=22 February 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223053216/http://www.portaldoagronegocio.com.br/noticia/lanagro-mg-e-o-primeiro-do-brasil-com-nivel-de-biosseguranca-maximo-114016 |archive-date=23 February 2018 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Campinas]], [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]
| Laboratório Nacional de Máxima Contenção Biológica (LNMCB)
| 2026 (expected)
| It was announced in 2021 to be built near the [[Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron|Sincrotron lab]].<ref>{{cite act |type=Act |index= |date=19 November 2021|article=14.242 |article-type= |legislature= |title=
Abre ao Orçamento Fiscal da União, em favor dos Ministérios da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovações e da Justiça e Segurança Pública |trans-title= |page= |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2021/lei/L14242.htm |language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministro da Ciência confirma construção de laboratório de biossegurança 4 junto ao Sirius |url=https://g1.globo.com/sp/campinas-regiao/noticia/2021/05/17/ministro-da-ciencia-confirma-laboratorio-de-biosseguranca-4-junto-ao-sirius-em-campinas.ghtml |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=G1 |date=17 May 2021 |language=pt-br}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Canada]]
| [[Winnipeg]], [[Manitoba]]
| [[National Microbiology Laboratory]]
| 1999<ref>{{cite press release |author=<!--Not stated--> |title=Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health Celebrates 20 Years of Scientific Excellence |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2017/07/government_of_canadaexpandscontainmentlevel4laboratory.html |url-status=live |location=Winnipeg, MB |publisher=Government of Canada |agency=Public Health Agency of Canada |date=2 May 2019 |access-date=2023-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111170142/https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2019/05/canadian-science-centre-for-human-and-animal-health-celebrates-20-years-of-scientific-excellence.html |archive-date=11 January 2022}}</ref>
| Located at the [[Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health]], it is jointly operated by the [[Public Health Agency of Canada]] and the [[Canadian Food Inspection Agency]].<ref>{{cite web |title=National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) Overview |publisher=Public Health Agency of Canada |url=https://www.nml-lnm.gc.ca/overview-apercu-eng.htm |access-date=8 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321162419/https://www.nml-lnm.gc.ca/overview-apercu-eng.htm |archive-date=21 March 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Saskatoon]], [[Saskatchewan]]
| [[Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization]]
| 2025 (estimated)<ref>{{cite web |title=Canada's Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization Bolsters Position as Country's Premier Centre for Pandemic Research |url=https://www.tradelineinc.com/reports/2024-1/canadas-vaccine-and-infectious-disease-organization-bolsters-position-countrys |date=2024-01-17 |access-date=2024-08-31}}</ref>
| Operated by the [[University of Saskatchewan]] and located near the [[Canadian Light Source]].<ref>{{cite web |title=About USask | publisher=University of Saskatchewan | url=https://www.usask.ca/about/index.php |access-date=2024-08-31}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[China]]
| [[Wuhan]], [[Hubei]]
| [[Wuhan Institute of Virology]] of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| 2015
| [[Wuhan Institute of Virology]] has existed since 1956 and already hosted BSL-3 laboratories. A BSL-4 facility was completed in 2015, and became the first BSL-4 laboratory in China.<ref>{{cite web |title=China Inaugurates the First Biocontainment Level 4 Laboratory in Wuhan |date=3 February 2015 |publisher=Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences |url=http://english.whiov.cas.cn/News/Events/201502/t20150203_135923.html |access-date=9 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215545/http://english.whiov.cas.cn/News/Events/201502/t20150203_135923.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Harbin]], [[Heilongjiang]]
| [[Harbin Veterinary Research Institute]] of the [[Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences]]
| 2018
| [[Harbin Veterinary Research Institute]] researches prevention and control of major infectious diseases. China's second, and the first for large animals, BSL-4 lab.<ref>{{cite web |title=China launches high-level biosafety lab
|date=8 August 2018 |publisher=Xinhua|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-08/08/c_137374368.htm |access-date=13 March 2019 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014064100/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-08/08/c_137374368.htm |archive-date=14 October 2018 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Czech Republic]]
| [[Těchonín]], [[Pardubice Region]]
| [[:cs:Centrum_biologické_ochrany_Těchonín|Biological Defense Center]]
| 1971, rebuilt 2003–2007
| Hospital and research facility. Located at the Centrum biologické ochrany (Biological Defense Center). Operated by [[Army of the Czech Republic]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.army.cz/scripts/detail.php?id=61370 |access-date=9 April 2016 |title=Biological Defence Department at Techonin |publisher=Ministry of Defense & Armed Forces of the Czech Republic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426010419/http://www.army.cz/scripts/detail.php?id=61370 |archive-date=26 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[France]]
| [[Brétigny-sur-Orge]], [[Essonne]]
| French Armed Biomedical Research Institute, [[Service de santé des armées|French Defence Health Service]]
| 2015
| French Army laboratory.<ref>{{cite news|title=Un laboratoire militaire hautement sécurisé à Brétigny en 2015|url=http://www.leparisien.fr/essonne-91/un-laboratoire-militaire-hautement-securise-a-bretigny-en-2015-20-05-2014-3856819.php|website=[[Le Parisien]]|language=fr-FR|date=2014-05-20|access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lyon]], [[Metropolis of Lyon]]
| [[Jean Mérieux]] BSL-4 Laboratory
| 1999
| Built and owned by the [[Fondation Mérieux]]. Since 2004, operated by [[INSERM]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Jean Mérieux BSL-4 Laboratory |url=http://www.fondation-merieux.org/jean-merieux-bsl-4-laboratory |access-date=11 April 2016 |publisher=Fondation Mérieux |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506180756/http://www.fondation-merieux.org/jean-merieux-bsl-4-laboratory |archive-date=6 May 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Vert-le-Petit]], [[Essonne]]
| [[Direction générale de l'armement|French general directorate of armaments (DGA)]]
| 2013
| Operated by the Ministry of Defense.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inauguration du laboratoire biologique P4 de la DGA |url=http://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/actualite/inauguration-du-laboratoire-biologique-p4-de-la-dga |access-date=11 April 2016 |publisher=Ministére de la Défense |language=fr |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508002253/http://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/actualite/inauguration-du-laboratoire-biologique-p4-de-la-dga |archive-date=8 May 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Gabon]]
| [[Franceville]], [[Haut-Ogooué Province]]
| Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville
|
| This facility is operated by a research organization supported by both Gabonese (mainly) and French governments, and is West Africa's only P4 lab (BSL-4).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cirmf.org|title=Centre International de Recherches Medicales de Franceville|publisher=CIRMF|access-date=30 September 2014|language=fr|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015172101/http://www.cirmf.org/|archive-date=15 October 2014}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" | [[Germany]]
| [[Berlin]]
| [[Robert Koch Institute]]
| 2015
| Diagnostic and experimental lab facility.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/Diagnostik_Speziallabore/Hochsicherheitslabor/Hochsicherheitslabor_node.html |access-date=16 April 2016 |title=Das Hochsicherheitslabor im Robert Koch-Institut |publisher=Robert Koch Institut |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160519171625/http://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/Diagnostik_Speziallabore/Hochsicherheitslabor/Hochsicherheitslabor_node.html |archive-date=19 May 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Hamburg]]
| [[Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine]]
| 2014
| Part of the [[Leibniz Center Infection]]. National reference lab for tropical viruses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hpi-hamburg.de/en/the-hpi/partners/bernhard-nocht-institute-for-tropical-medicine/ |access-date=16 April 2016 |title=Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNI) |publisher=Heinrich Pette Institute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427143123/http://www.hpi-hamburg.de/en/the-hpi/partners/bernhard-nocht-institute-for-tropical-medicine/ |archive-date=27 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Greifswald]], [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]]
| [[Friedrich Loeffler Institute]]
| 2010
| Focus on animal viral diseases and diagnostics.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.caverion.com/references/friedrich-loeffler-institute |access-date=16 April 2016 |title=Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Germany |publisher=Caverion |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422220425/http://www.caverion.com/references/friedrich-loeffler-institute |archive-date=22 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Marburg]], [[Hesse]]
| [[Philipps University]] of [[Marburg]]
| 2008
| Focuses on hemorrhagic fever viruses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evident-project.eu/about/institutions/pum/ |access-date=16 April 2016 |title=Philipps-University Marburg |publisher=Philipps-University Marburg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611065719/http://www.evident-project.eu/about/institutions/pum/ |archive-date=11 June 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Hungary]]
| [[Budapest]]
| National Center for Epidemiology
| 1998
| Division of Virology operates three WHO National Reference Laboratories. The BSL-4 biosafety laboratory provides a modern means to process dangerous imported zoonotic viral pathogens.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oek.hu/oek.web?to=1792&nid=899&pid=1&lang=eng |access-date=16 April 2016 |title=Division of Virology |publisher=Országos Epidemiológiai Központ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130924232255/http://www.oek.hu/oek.web?to=1792&nid=899&pid=1&lang=eng |archive-date=24 September 2013 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Pécs]], [[Baranya County]]
|[[University of Pécs]]
|2016
|Opened in 2016, part of ''Szentágothai János Kutatóközpont''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://szkk.pte.hu/en/premise/bsl_4_laboratory_virology_research_group|title=BSL-4 Laboratory - Virology research group &#124; University of Pécs|website=szkk.pte.hu}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[India]]
| [[Bhopal]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| National Institute of High Security Animal Disease
| 1998
| This BSL-3+ facility deals especially to zoonotic organisms and emerging infectious disease threats.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nihsad.nic.in/Bio-containment.htm |access-date=20 April 2016 |title=Bio-containment Laboratory |publisher=National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, India |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319131101/http://nihsad.nic.in/Bio-containment.htm |archive-date=19 March 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]]
| [[National Institute of Virology]]
| 2012
| India's most advanced BSL-4 category lab.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/niv-pune-lab-gets-bsl4/article2305614.ece |access-date=24 April 2016 |newspaper=The Hindu |title=NIV Prune lab gets BSL-4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816170052/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/niv-pune-lab-gets-bsl4/article2305614.ece |archive-date=16 August 2017 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Italy]]
| [[Rome]], [[Lazio]]
| [[Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases|Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive]]
| 1997
| The "National Institute of Infectious Diseases" used to operate within the Lazzaro Spallanzani hospital; the facility is now independent and is home to five BSL-3 labs as well as a single BSL-4 laboratory, which was completed in 1997.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inmi.it/storia_dell_istituto.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307061944/http://www.inmi.it/storia_dell_istituto.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 March 2014 |access-date=1 May 2016 |publisher=IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani |title=Storia dell'Istituto |language=it }}</ref>
|-
| [[Milan]], [[Lombardy]]
| [[Ospedale Luigi Sacco]]
| 2006
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Japan]]
| [[Musashimurayama, Tokyo]]
| [[National Institute of Infectious Diseases (Japan)|National Institute for Infectious Diseases]]
| 2015
| Located at National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Department of Virology I. Built in 1981; operated at BSL-3 until 2015 due to opposition from nearby residents.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/10/15/national/science-health/deadly-disease-lab-opens-amid-local-fears/ |access-date=1 May 2016 |date=15 October 2015 |title=Deadly disease lab opens amid local fears |newspaper=Japan Times |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428100857/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/10/15/national/science-health/deadly-disease-lab-opens-amid-local-fears#.VyWOGb6YJWV |archive-date=28 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Nagasaki]], [[Nagasaki Prefecture]]
| [[Nagasaki University]]
| 2021
| Facility for the study of infectious diseases.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ccpid.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/about/ |access-date=18 April 2024 |title=高度感染症研究センターとは &#124; 長崎大学 高度感染症研究センター }}</ref>
|-
| [[Tsukuba]], [[Ibaraki Prefecture]]
| [[Institute of Physical and Chemical Research]] (RIKEN)
| 1984
| Facility completed in 1984 but not operated as BSL-4 due to local opposition.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.japanbullet.com/news/bio-lab-handling-highly-dangerous-agents-to-open-in-suburban-tokyo |access-date=14 March 2018 |title=Bio lab handling highly dangerous agents to open in suburban Tokyo |website=Japan Bullet |date=3 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315072024/https://www.japanbullet.com/news/bio-lab-handling-highly-dangerous-agents-to-open-in-suburban-tokyo |archive-date=15 March 2018 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Philippines]]
| [[New Clark City]], [[Capas]], [[Tarlac]]
| [[Virology Institute of the Philippines]]
| 2024 (expected)
| First BSL-4 Lab in the Philippines when completed.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Domingo|first=Katrina|date=2021-05-25|title=Virology Institute of the Philippines to rise in Tarlac in 2 years: DOST|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/05/25/21/virology-institute-of-the-philippines-to-rise-in-tarlac-in-2-years-dost|access-date=2021-05-26|website=ABS-CBN News|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Russia]]
| [[Sergiyev Posad]], [[Moscow Oblast]]
| 48th Central Scientific Research Institute Sergiev Posad<ref name="Kuhn2013">{{cite journal |last1=Kuhn |first1=Jens H. |last2=Bao |first2=Yiming |last3=Bavari |first3=Sina |last4=Becker |first4=Stephan |last5=Bradfute |first5=Steven |last6=Brister |first6=J. Rodney |last7=Bukreyev |first7=Alexander A. |last8=Caì |first8=Yíngyún |last9=Chandran |first9=Kartik |last10=Davey |first10=Robert A. |last11=Dolnik |first11=Olga |last12=Dye |first12=John M. |last13=Enterlein |first13=Sven |last14=Gonzalez |first14=Jean-Paul |last15=Formenty |first15=Pierre |last16=Freiberg |first16=Alexander N. |last17=Hensley |first17=Lisa E. |last18=Honko |first18=Anna N. |last19=Ignatyev |first19=Georgy M. |last20=Jahrling |first20=Peter B. |last21=Johnson |first21=Karl M. |last22=Klenk |first22=Hans-Dieter|author23-link=Gary Kobinger |last23=Kobinger |first23=Gary |last24=Lackemeyer |first24=Matthew G. |last25=Leroy |first25=Eric M. |last26=Lever |first26=Mark S. |last27=Lofts |first27=Loreen L. |last28=Mühlberger |first28=Elke |last29=Netesov |first29=Sergey V. |last30=Olinger |first30=Gene G. |last31=Palacios |first31=Gustavo |last32=Patterson |first32=Jean L. |last33=Paweska |first33=Janusz T. |last34=Pitt |first34=Louise |last35=Radoshitzky |first35=Sheli R. |last36=Ryabchikova |first36=Elena I. |last37=Saphire |first37=Erica Ollmann |last38=Shestopalov |first38=Aleksandr M. |last39=Smither |first39=Sophie J. |last40=Sullivan |first40=Nancy J. |last41=Swanepoel |first41=Robert |last42=Takada |first42=Ayato |last43=Towner |first43=Jonathan S. |last44=van der Groen |first44=Guido |last45=Volchkov |first45=Viktor E. |last46=Wahl-Jensen |first46=Victoria |last47=Warren |first47=Travis K. |last48=Warfield |first48=Kelly L. |last49=Weidmann |first49=Manfred |last50=Nichol |first50=Stuart T. |title=Virus nomenclature below the species level: A standardized nomenclature for laboratory animal-adapted strains and variants of viruses assigned to the family Filoviridae |journal=Archives of Virology |date=June 2013 |volume=158 |issue=6 |pages=1425–1432 |doi=10.1007/s00705-012-1594-2 |pmid=23358612 |pmc=3669655 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3669655/table/T2/#TFN3 |access-date=16 June 2021 |issn=0304-8608}}</ref>
|
|-
| [[Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast]]
| [[State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR|State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology (VECTOR)]]
|
| One of two [[World Health Organization|WHO]]-approved facilities for work on [[smallpox]] virus.<ref name=BMBLSmallpox/>
|-
| [[Singapore]]
| [[Central Region, Singapore|Central Region]]
| DSO National Laboratories
| End-2025 (expected)
| First BSL-4 Lab in Singapore when completed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/dso-biosafety-lab-lethal-viruses-biological-threats-14305718 |access-date=4 Mar 2021 |title=DSO biosafety lab to get S$90 million upgrade to handle more lethal and infectious viruses |publisher=DSO National Laboratories |archive-date=16 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416091612/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/dso-biosafety-lab-lethal-viruses-biological-threats-14305718 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| [[South Africa]]
| [[Johannesburg]], [[Gauteng]]
| National Institute for Communicable Diseases
| 2002
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ianphiafrica.org/south-africa-national-institute-for-communicable-diseases/ |access-date=4 May 2016 |title=South Africa National Institute for Communicable Diseases |publisher=African National Public Health Institutes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318160456/http://ianphiafrica.org/south-africa-national-institute-for-communicable-diseases/ |archive-date=18 March 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[South Korea]]
| [[Cheongju]], [[North Chungcheong Province]]
| [[Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]
|2017
|First BSL-4 Lab in [[South Korea]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Da-sol |first1=Kim |title=Korea to open first deadly virus biosafety laboratory |url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170316000902 |access-date=16 June 2021 |work=The Korea Herald |date=2017-03-16 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kim |first1=Il-Hwan |last2=Jang |first2=Jun Hyeong |last3=Jo |first3=Su-Kyoung |last4=No |first4=Jin Sun |last5=Seo |first5=Seung-Hee |last6=Kim |first6=Jun-Young |last7=Jung |first7=Sang-Oun |last8=Kim |first8=Jeong-Min |last9=Lee |first9=Sang-Eun |last10=Park |first10=Hye-Kyung |last11=Kim |first11=Eun-Jin |last12=Jeon |first12=Jun Ho |last13=Choi |first13=Myung-Min |last14=Ryu |first14=Boyeong |last15=Jang |first15=Yoon Suk |last16=Kim |first16=Hwami |last17=Lee |first17=Jin |last18=Shin |first18=Seung-Hwan |last19=Kim |first19=Hee Kyoung |last20=Kim |first20=Eun-Kyoung |last21=Park |first21=Ye Eun |last22=Yoo |first22=Cheon-Kwon |last23=Lee |first23=Sang-Won |last24=Han |first24=Myung-Guk |last25=Rhie |first25=Gi-Eun |last26=Kang |first26=Byung Hak |title=2019 Tabletop Exercise for Laboratory Diagnosis and Analyses of Unknown Disease Outbreaks by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |journal=Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives |date=October 2020 |volume=11 |issue=5 |pages=280–285 |doi=10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.5.03 |pmid=33117632 |pmc=7577389 |issn=2210-9099}}</ref>
|-
| [[Sweden]]
| [[Solna Municipality|Solna]], [[Stockholm County]]
| [[Public Health Agency of Sweden#High-containment laboratory|Public Health Agency of Sweden]]
| 2001
| The only BSL-4 facility in the [[Nordic countries|Nordic region]]. Constructed for research and diagnostics of [[Viral hemorrhagic fever|hemorrhagic fever viruses]].<ref>{{cite web|title=P4-laboratoriet vid Folkhälsomyndigheten|date=25 August 2015 |url=https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/publicerat-material/publikationsarkiv/p/p4-laboratoriet-en-viktig-resurs-for-sveriges-krisberedskap/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200313032442/https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/publicerat-material/publikationsarkiv/p/p4-laboratoriet-en-viktig-resurs-for-sveriges-krisberedskap/ |access-date=8 July 2020|publisher=Public Health Agency of Sweden|language=sv|archive-date=13 March 2020 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Switzerland]]
| [[Geneva]], [[Canton of Geneva]]
| [[University Hospital of Geneva]]
|
| "Glove box" type laboratory; primarily for handling clinical samples.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sulm.ch/d/swissmedlab/swiss-medlab-archiv/swiss-medlab-2008/summaries-2008/743 |access-date=10 May 2016 |title=Management of suspect viral hemorrhagic fever patient in Geneva |publisher=Schweizerische Union für Labormedizin |author=Cherpillod, P. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816231200/http://www.sulm.ch/d/swissmedlab/swiss-medlab-archiv/swiss-medlab-2008/summaries-2008/743 |archive-date=16 August 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Spiez]], [[Canton of Bern]]
| [[Spiez Laboratory]]
| 2013
| Run by the [[Federal Office for Civil Protection]] of the [[Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports]].<ref name=SwissReport>{{cite web |url=http://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B8954/%28httpAssets%29/B447B5B2BB186601C1257F9400233D47/$file/BWC_CBM_2016_Switzerland.pdf |access-date=10 May 2016 |title=Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction |publisher=Switzerland Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection, and Sports |date=2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603005904/http://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B8954/%28httpAssets%29/B447B5B2BB186601C1257F9400233D47/$file/BWC_CBM_2016_Switzerland.pdf |archive-date=3 June 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Mittelhäusern]], [[Canton of Bern]]
| [[The Institute of Virology and Immunology IVI]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ivi.admin.ch/ivi/en/home.html|title = Homepage}}</ref>
|
| Part of the [[Federal Office for Food Safety and Veterinary Affairs|Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO)]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.blv.admin.ch/blv/en/home.html|title = Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office}}</ref> Primary purpose is diagnostics of highly pathogenic viruses.<ref name=SwissReport/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Taiwan]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Taipei]]
| [[National Defense University (Republic of China)|National Defense University]] – Institute of Preventive Medicine
| 1983
|<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=2347 |access-date=18 May 2016 |title=Case of SARS reported in a laboratory research worker in Taiwan |journal=Weekly Releases (1997–2007) |publisher=Eurosurveillance |date=18 December 2003 |volume=7 |issue=51 |doi=10.2807/esw.07.51.02347-en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611042207/http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=2347 |archive-date=11 June 2016 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|-
|{{ill|Kwen-yang Laboratory|zh|檢驗及疫苗研製中心}}
|
|<ref>[[:zh:%E6%AA%A2%E9%A9%97%E5%8F%8A%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97%E7%A0%94%E8%A3%BD%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83|檢驗及疫苗研製中心]]</ref>{{circular reference|date=January 2024}}
|-
| rowspan="9" | [[United Kingdom]]
| [[Borough of Camden|Camden]], [[Greater London]]
| [[Francis Crick Institute]]
| 2015
| Has BSL-4 space but does not work on human pathogens.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Callaway |first1=Ewen |title=London biomedical hub sets its research agenda |journal=Nature |date=6 June 2013 |doi=10.1038/nature.2013.13143 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Colindale]], [[Greater London]]
| [[Public Health England]]'s Centre for Infections
|
| Department of Health laboratory. Diagnostics for various viral diseases.<ref name=NAPUK/> Part of the European Network of Biosafety-Level-4 Laboratories.<ref name=Nisii2013>{{cite journal|doi=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003105|pmid=23349630|pmc=3547859|title=Biosafety Level-4 Laboratories in Europe: Opportunities for Public Health, Diagnostics, and Research|journal=PLOS Pathogens|volume=9|issue=1|pages=e1003105|year=2013|last1=Nisii|first1=Carla|last2=Castilletti|first2=Concetta|last3=Raoul|first3=Hervé|last4=Hewson|first4=Roger|last5=Brown|first5=David|last6=Gopal|first6=Robin|last7=Eickmann|first7=Markus|last8=Gunther|first8=Stephan|last9=Mirazimi|first9=Ali|last10=Koivula|first10=Tuija|last11=Feldmann|first11=Heinz|last12=Di Caro|first12=Antonino|last13=Capobianchi|first13=Maria R.|last14=Ippolito|first14=Giuseppe |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|-
| [[Mill Hill]], [[Greater London]]
| [[National Institute for Medical Research]]
|
| Medical Research Council laboratory. Research and diagnostics for highly pathogenic viruses. Closed in 2017 and work moved to the [[Francis Crick Institute]]. Site demolished in 2018.<ref name=NAPUK/>
|-
| [[Potters Bar]], [[Hertfordshire]]
| [[National Institute for Biological Standards and Control]]
|
| Department of Health and Home Office laboratory. Develop assays and reagents for research on virulent pathogens.<ref name=NAPUK/>
|-
| [[Addlestone]], [[Surrey]]
| [[Animal and Plant Health Agency]]
|
| Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs laboratory. Diagnostics and research for animal diseases.<ref name=NAPUK/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Pirbright]], [[Surrey]]
| [[Institute for Animal Health]]
|
| [[Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council]] laboratory. Research on highly pathogenic animal diseases.<ref name=NAPUK/>
|-
| [[Merial Animal Health]]
|
| Private lab. Produces vaccines against [[foot and mouth disease]] and [[bluetongue disease]].<ref name=NAPUK/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Porton Down]], [[Wiltshire]]
| [[UK Health Security Agency]]
|
| Department of Health laboratory. Diagnostics and research for haemorrhagic fever viruses.<ref name=NAPUK/> Part of the European Network of Biosafety-Level-4 Laboratories.<ref name=Nisii2013/>
|-
| [[Defence Science and Technology Laboratory]]
|
| Ministry of Defence laboratory. Focuses on protection from biological weapons.<ref name=NAPUK>{{cite book |chapter-url=http://www.nap.edu/read/13315/chapter/26 |access-date=26 May 2016 |title=Biosecurity Challenges of the Global Expansion of High-Containment Biological Laboratories |date=2012 |chapter=E8: High-Containment Laboratories-UK Case Study |author1=Davison N |author2=Lentzos F |pages=176–177 |publisher=National Academies Press |isbn=978-0-309-22575-5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623223351/http://www.nap.edu/read/13315/chapter/26 |archive-date=23 June 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="13" | [[United States]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Atlanta]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]
| [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]
|
| Currently operates in two buildings. One of two facilities in the world that officially hold [[smallpox]].<ref name="BMBLSmallpox" />
|-
| [[Georgia State University]]
| 1997
| Research focus on [[B virus]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tradelineinc.com/reports/2003-12/operating-a-bsl-4-laboratory-a-university-setting |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=Operating a BSL-4 Laboratory in a University Setting |date=16 December 2003 |publisher=Tradeline |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630152153/https://www.tradelineinc.com/reports/2003-12/operating-a-bsl-4-laboratory-a-university-setting |archive-date=30 June 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Manhattan, Kansas]]
| [[National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility]] (NBAF)
| 2023
| Facility is operated by the [[Department of Homeland Security]], and will replace the [[Plum Island Animal Disease Center]]. Began operation in 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/news/2023/06/01/dhs-completes-construction-commissioning-national-bio-and-agro-defense-facility |access-date=17 October 2024 |title=DHS completes construction commissioning National Bio and Agro-defense Facility |publisher=Department of Homeland Security }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.k-state.edu/nbaf/ |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=Leveraging the National Bio and Agro-defense Facility |publisher=Kansas State University |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610002127/http://www.k-state.edu/nbaf/ |archive-date=10 June 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Bethesda, Maryland]]
| [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH)
|
| Located on the NIH Campus, it currently only operates with BSL-3 agents.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/BiodefenseRelated/Biodefense/PublicMedia/pages/faqs.aspx |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=An Integrated Research Facility: Questions and Answers |publisher=[[National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622183956/http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/BiodefenseRelated/Biodefense/PublicMedia/pages/faqs.aspx |archive-date=22 June 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Fort Detrick]], [[Maryland]]
| Integrated Research Facility
|
| Operated by [[National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases]] (NIAID). Focuses on animal models of human diseases.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/organization/dir/irf/Pages/facilityOverview.aspx |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=Integrated Research Facility Overview |publisher=National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160705092155/http://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/organization/dir/irf/Pages/facilityOverview.aspx |archive-date=5 July 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center]]
|
| Operated by the [[Department of Homeland Security]]. Focus on potential bioterrorism threats.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/national-biodefense-analysis-and-countermeasures-center |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center |date=6 July 2009 |publisher=Department of Homeland Security |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520221104/https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/national-biodefense-analysis-and-countermeasures-center |archive-date=20 May 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases]] (USAMRIID)
| 1969
| Run by the [[United States Army]]. Research focuses on biological threats to the U.S. military.<!--Two refs. First one references info on purpose of lab. Second one verifies this is BSL-4 facility--><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usamriid.army.mil/ |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=USAMRIID: Biodefense Solutions to Protect our Nation |publisher=U.S. Army Medical Department |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605192439/http://www.usamriid.army.mil/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usamriid.army.mil/biosafety/ |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=USAMRIID Biological Safety |publisher=U.S. Army Medical Department |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518223437/http://www.usamriid.army.mil/biosafety/ |archive-date=18 May 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]
| [[National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory]] (NEIDL), [[Boston University]]
| Built 2008, Opened 2012,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bumc.bu.edu/2012/01/27/neidl-goes-public-bu-biosafety-labs-offer-tours-to-press-politicians/ |access-date=30 December 2018 |title=NEIDL Goes Public: BU Biosafety Labs Offer Tours to Press, Politicians}}</ref> BSL-4 Approval in 2017<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bu.edu/today/2017/neidl-bsl-4-lab-approved/ |access-date=30 December 2018 |title=NEIDL BSL-4 Lab Gets Green Light}}</ref>
| Focus on potential threats to public health.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bu.edu/neidl/about/ |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories: About – Mission and Safety |publisher=Boston University |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604173418/http://www.bu.edu/neidl/about/ |archive-date=4 June 2016 }}</ref> Operated by [[Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine|Boston University School of Medicine]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=About {{!}} National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories |url=https://www.bu.edu/neidl/about-neidl/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=www.bu.edu}}</ref>
|-
| [[Hamilton, Montana]]
| [[Rocky Mountain Laboratories]] Integrated Research Facility
| 2008
| NIAID laboratory. Focus on vector-borne diseases.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/organization/dir/rml/Pages/overview.aspx |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=Rocky Mountain Labs Overview |publisher=National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429084234/http://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/organization/dir/rml/Pages/overview.aspx |archive-date=29 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Galveston, Texas]]
| [[Galveston National Laboratory]], National Biocontainment Facility
|
| Opened in 2008, facility is operated by the [[University of Texas Medical Branch]] (UTMB).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.utmb.edu/gnl/about/fact.shtml|title=Galveston National Laboratory Fact Sheet|access-date=30 September 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005221814/http://www.utmb.edu/gnl/about/fact.shtml|archive-date=5 October 2014}}</ref>
|-
| Shope Laboratory
| 2004
| Operated by UTMB.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.utmb.edu/cbeid/safety.shtml |access-date=28 May 2016 |title=Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases: Safety and Biocontainment |publisher=UTMB Health |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105112231/http://www.utmb.edu/cbeid/safety.shtml |archive-date=5 January 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[San Antonio]], [[Texas]]
| [[Texas Biomedical Research Institute]]
| 1999
| The only privately owned BSL-4 lab in the US.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.txbiomed.org/about/extraordinary-resources/biosafety-level-4-laboratory |access-date=3 April 2016 |title=About Texas Biomed: Biosafety Level 4 Laboratory |newspaper=Texas Biomedical Research Institute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403083323/http://www.txbiomed.org/about/extraordinary-resources/biosafety-level-4-laboratory |archive-date=3 April 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Richmond, Virginia]]
| [[Virginia Division of Consolidated Laboratories]]
| 2003
| A BSL-4 lab that also acts as a BSL-3 lab.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.vcu.edu/article/State_of_the_art_laboratory_opens_in_Richmond |access-date=1 June 2021 |title=State of the art laboratory opens in Richmond |publisher=Virginia Commonwealth University News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044707/https://news.vcu.edu/article/State_of_the_art_laboratory_opens_in_Richmond |archive-date=8 August 2014 }}</ref>
|}