Editing Barter (section)

===Times of monetary crisis===
As Orlove noted, barter may occur in commercial economies, usually during periods of monetary crisis. During such a crisis, currency may be in short supply, or highly devalued through hyperinflation. In such cases, money ceases to be the universal medium of exchange or standard of value. Money may be in such short supply that it becomes an item of barter itself rather than the means of exchange. Barter may also occur when people cannot afford to keep money (as when hyperinflation quickly devalues it).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Humphrey|first=Caroline|title=Barter and Economic Disintegration|journal=Man|year=1985|volume=20|issue=1|page=52|doi=10.2307/2802221|jstor=2802221}}</ref>

An example of this would be during the [[Crisis in Bolivarian Venezuela]], when Venezuelans resorted to bartering as a result of hyperinflation. The increasingly low value of bank notes, and their lack of circulation in suburban areas, meant that many Venezuelans, especially those living outside of larger cities, took to trading over their own goods for even the most basic of transactions.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-barter/fish-for-flour-barter-is-the-new-currency-in-collapsing-venezuela-idUSKBN1JT1UM?il=0|title=Fish for flour? Barter is the new currency in collapsing Venezuela|last=Aponte|first=Andreina|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=4 July 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>

Additionally, in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, barter exchanges reported a double-digit increase in membership, due to the scarcity of fiat money, and the degradation of monetary system sentiment.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Fujishige |first1=Satoru |last2=Yang |first2=Zaifu |year=2022 |title=Barter markets, indivisibilities, and Markovian |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/boer.12279 |journal=Bulletin of Economic Research |volume=74 |issue=1 |pages=39–48 |doi=10.1111/boer.12279 |s2cid=233792145 |issn=0307-3378 |eissn=1467-8586}}</ref>