Editing Baguio (section)

=== During the Marcos dictatorship ===
The beginning months of the 1970s marked a period of turmoil and change in the Philippines,<ref name="Robles2016">{{Cite book |last=Robles |first=Raissa |title=Marcos Martial Law: Never Again |publisher=Filipinos for a Better Philippines, Inc. |year=2016 }}</ref> as well as in Baguio.<ref name="Panaglagip"/><ref name="BantayogProfileMaitaGomez"/> During his [[Ferdinand Marcos’ 1969 reelection campaign|bid to be the first Philippine president to be re-elected]] for a second term, Ferdinand Marcos launched an unprecedented number of public works projects. This caused<ref name=Balbosas1992>{{Cite journal |last=Balbosa |first=Joven Zamoras |date=1992 |title=IMF Stabilization Program and Economic Growth: The Case of the Philippines |journal=Journal of Philippine Development |volume=XIX |issue=35 |url=https://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/pjd/pidsjpd92-2imf.pdf |access-date=November 6, 2022 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921141056/https://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/pjd/pidsjpd92-2imf.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Balisacan&Hill2003">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O_L9k58WM9UC&q=The+Philippine+economy+under+Marcos:+A+balance+sheet |title=The Philippine Economy: Development, Policies, and Challenges |last1=Balisacan |first1=A. M. |last2=Hill |first2=Hal |date=2003 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195158984 |language=en}}</ref> the Philippine economy took a sudden downwards turn known as the [[1969 Philippine balance of payments crisis]], which in turn led to a period of economic difficulty and social unrest.<ref name="Cororaton1997">{{Cite journal |last=Cororaton |first=Cesar B.  |title=Exchange Rate Movements in the Philippines |journal=DPIDS Discussion Paper Series 97-05 |pages=3, 19}}</ref><ref name="Kessler1989">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/rebellionrepress0000kess |title=Rebellion and repression in the Philippines |last=Kessler |first=Richard J. |date=1989 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=0300044062 |location=New Haven |oclc=19266663 |url-access=registration }}</ref> {{rp|page="43"}}<ref name="Celoza1997">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sp3U1oCNKlgC|title=Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism|last=Celoza|first=Albert F.|date=1997|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275941376|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/philippinesreade00schi |title=The Philippines reader : a history of colonialism, neocolonialism, dictatorship, and resistance |last=Schirmer |first=Daniel B. |date=1987 |publisher=South End Press |isbn=0896082768 |edition=1st |location=Boston |oclc=14214735 }}</ref> With only a year left in his last constitutionally allowed term as president Ferdinand Marcos placed the Philippines under [[Martial Law under Ferdinand Marcos|Martial Law]] in September 1972 and thus retained the position for fourteen more years.<ref name ="Kasaysayan9ch10">{{Cite book |title=Kasaysayan, The Story of the Filipino People Volume 9:A Nation Reborn. |publisher=Asia Publishing Company Limited |year=1998 |editor-last=Magno |editor-first=Alexander R. |location=Hong Kong |chapter=Democracy at the Crossroads}}</ref>  This period in Philippine history is remembered for the Marcos administration's record of [[Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship|human rights abuses]],<ref name="McCoy199909202">{{cite web|url=http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/54a/062.html|title=Alfred McCoy, Dark Legacy: Human rights under the Marcos regime|date=September 20, 1999|publisher=[[Ateneo de Manila University]]}}</ref><ref name="Abinales&Amoroso20052">{{Cite book|title=State and society in the Philippines|last1=Abinales|first1=P.N.|last2=Amoroso|first2=Donna J.|date=2005|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-0742510234|location=Lanham, MD|oclc=57452454}}</ref> particularly targeting political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship.<ref name="Rappler">{{Cite news|url=https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/182828-marcos-dictatorship-martial-law-youth-leaders-killed|title=Gone too soon: 7 youth leaders killed under Martial Law|work=Rappler|access-date=June 15, 2018}}</ref> 

During this time, Baguio City jail was partially adapted to become a detention center for "[[Political detainees under the Marcos dictatorship |political detainees]]" who were jailed because the administration saw them as threats, and who were often held without being formally charged, which is why they were classified as "detainees", not "prisoners."<ref name="binubura">{{cite web | url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/content/803518/ricky-lee-martial-law-detainee-on-historical-revisionism-para-akong-binubura/story/ | title=Ricky Lee, martial law detainee, on historical revisionism: 'Para akong binubura' | date=September 16, 2021 }}</ref><ref name="RocamoraBook">{{Cite book |last=Rocamora |first=Rick |title=Dark Memories of Torture, Incarceration, Disappeareance, and Death under Ferdinand E. Marcos Sr.'s Martial Law |year=2023 |isbn=979-8-218-96751-2 |location=Quezon City}}</ref> Among the prominent prisoners held at the Baguio City jail were 1967 Miss Philippines–World [[Maita Gomez]] who had spoken against the government,<ref name="BantayogProfileMaitaGomez">{{Cite web |date=May 20, 2023 |title=Martyrs & Heroes: Maita Gomez |url=https://bantayogngmgabayani.org/bayani/maita-gomez/ |access-date=December 21, 2023 |website=Bantayog ng mga Bayani |language=en-US}}</ref> and Bulletin Today journalist Isidoro Chammag who had angered Marcos' soldiers by covering the 1983 [[Beew Massacre]] in [[Tubo, Abra]].<ref name="Panaglagip">Panaglagip: The North Remembers – Martial Law Stories of Struggle and Survival Edited by Joanna K. Cariño and Luchie B. Maranan.</ref>{{rp|page=197–198}} Camp Henry T. Allen, the original site of the Philippine Military Academy near the Baguio City Hall, was also designated as a detention center during this time.<ref name="Panaglagip"/>{{rp|page=142}} Many of these political detainees could not afford represenation, so the Baguio Chapter of the [[Free Legal Assistance Group]], headed by Human Rights Lawyer [[Arthur Galace]], was kept busy defending them throughout the Martial law era.<ref name="BantayogProfileArthurGalace">{{Cite web |date=2023-06-04 |title=Martyrs and Heroes: Arthur Galace |url=https://bantayogngmgabayani.org/bayani/arthur-galace/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814205230/https://bantayogngmgabayani.org/bayani/arthur-galace/ |archive-date=2024-08-14 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=Bantayog ng mga Bayani |language=en-US}}</ref>