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===Period of chaos, 1026β911 BC=== The ruling Babylonian dynasty of [[Nabu-shum-libur]] was deposed by marauding Arameans in 1026 BC, and the heart of Babylonia, including the capital city itself descended into anarchic state, and no king was to rule Babylon for over 20 years. However, in southern Mesopotamia (a region corresponding with the old Dynasty of the Sealand), Dynasty V (1025β1004 BC) arose, this was ruled by [[Simbar-shipak]], leader of a Kassite clan, and was in effect a separate state from Babylon. The state of anarchy allowed the Assyrian ruler [[Ashur-nirari IV]] (1019β1013 BC) the opportunity to attack Babylonia in 1018 BC, and he invaded and captured the Babylonian city of [[Atlila]] and some south central regions of Mesopotamia for Assyria. The south Mesopotamian dynasty was replaced by another Kassite Dynasty (Dynasty VI; 1003β984 BC) which also seems to have regained control over Babylon itself. The Elamites deposed this brief Kassite revival, with king [[Mar-biti-apla-usur]] founding Dynasty VII (984β977 BC). However, this dynasty too fell, when the Arameans once more ravaged Babylon. Babylonian rule was restored by [[NabΓ»-mukin-apli]] in 977 BC, ushering in Dynasty VIII. Dynasty IX begins with [[Ninurta-kudurri-usur II]], who ruled from 941 BC. Babylonia remained weak during this period, with whole areas of Babylonia now under firm Aramean and Sutean control. Babylonian rulers were often forced to bow to pressure from Assyria and Elam, both of which had appropriated Babylonian territory.
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