Editing Aschaffenburg (section)

=== Modern times through 19th century ===
In 1552, the late-[[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] castle of Johannisburg was destroyed. It was replaced in 1605-14 by the [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance]] ''[[Schloss Johannisburg]]''.<ref name="Zeitreise"/>{{rp|57}} The town suffered greatly during the [[Thirty Years' War]], being held in turn by the various belligerents. During the [[Battle of Dettingen]] (1743), which took place to the north, the town was occupied by French troops. It formed part of the electorate of the [[Archbishop of Mainz]], and in 1803 was made over to Archbishop [[Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg|Karl Theodor von Dalberg]] as the [[Principality of Aschaffenburg]].
[[File:Aschaffenburg Merian.jpg|thumb|260px|Aschaffenburg, by [[Matthäus Merian]]]]

Aschaffenburg was the site of the "{{Interlanguage link|Forstliche Hochschule Aschaffenburg|de|3=Royal Bavarian Central Forest Academy}}" (''Königlich Bayerische Centralforstlehranstalt''), established in 1807, "made famous by the researches of Professor Dr [[Ernst Ebermayer]]." The academy was "dissolved in 1832, but re-organized under the Ministry of Finance in 1874"; and, as "of 30th March, 1874, united to the [[University of Munich]]."<ref>[http://www21.us.archive.org/stream/technicalinstruc00unit/technicalinstruc00unit_djvu.txt Barnard, Henry. 1870. "Technical instruction. Special report of the Commissioner of Education." United States House of Representatives, January 19.] Accessed: May 7, 2012.</ref>

In 1810, the Principality of Aschaffenburg was merged into the new [[Grand Duchy of Frankfurt]] although Dalberg retained Aschaffenburg as his residence. In 1814, the town was transferred to the [[Kingdom of Bavaria]] by an Austrian-Bavarian treaty. In 1817 it was included within Bavarian [[Lower Franconia]]. From 1840 to 1848, King [[Ludwig I of Bavaria]] had a Roman villa built to the west of town. It was named ''[[Pompejanum]]'' after its model, the house of [[Castor and Polydeuces|Castor and Pollux]] at [[Pompeii]].<ref name=Flyer>{{cite web|url=http://www.schloesser.bayern.de/deutsch/service/infomat/screen-pdf/aschaffenburg_engl.pdf |title=Aschaffenburg - Johannisburg Palace|publisher=Bayerische Verwaltung der staatlichen Schlösser, Gärten und Seen|access-date=13 August 2014}}</ref><ref name=WS>{{cite web|url=http://www.schloesser.bayern.de/englisch/palace/objects/as_pom.htm |title=Pompeiianum|publisher=Bayerische Verwaltung der staatlichen Schlösser, Gärten und Seen|access-date=12 August 2014}}</ref>

During the [[Austro-Prussian War]], the [[Prussian Army]] inflicted a severe defeat on the [[Grand Duchy of Hesse]] near Aschaffenburg in the [[Battle of Frohnhofen]] on 13 July 1866.<ref>[[Theodor Fontane]], ''Der deutsche Krieg von 1866''. 2. Band: ''Der Feldzug in West- und Mitteldeutschland.'' Berlin 1871, pp. 162–171 [https://books.google.com/books?id=k1APAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA162 Google Books]</ref>