Editing Ascaris lumbricoides (section)

==History==
Giant intestinal roundworms have been known since antiquity. In 1758 [[Linnaeus]] named them ''Ascaris lumbricoides''. For many centuries, they were thought to arise by spontaneous generation. In 1855, ''Ascaris'' eggs were found in human faeces by [[Henry Ransom]] in England then this was described in the literature two years later by [[Casimir-Joseph Davaine]] in France.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Grove|first1=David I|year=1986 |title=Who discovered that intestinal worm infections could be diagnosed by finding eggs in the faeces? |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |volume=79|issue=11|pages=670–673|doi=10.1177/014107688607901118|pmc=1290536 |pmid=3540299 }}</ref> Attempts to infect animals by feeding them eggs were unsuccessful. In 1886, [[Salvatore Calandruccio]] in Italy successfully infected a boy to whom he had given 150 eggs. [[Battista Grassi]] published this information without giving any acknowledgement to Calandruccio.<ref>{{cite book |last=Grove |first=David I |date=2014 |title=Tapeworms, lice and prions: a compendium of unpleasant infections |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=1–602|isbn=978-0-19-964102-4 }}</ref> Development was thought to occur directly within the bowel lumen but [[Francis Stewart]] in Hong Kong in 1916 fed eggs to rats, then later mice, and found infective larvae in the faeces and in the lungs but no mature worms. In 1918, [[Sadao Yoshida]] ingested larvae recovered from the trachea of a guinea pig, then found eggs in his own stools 76 days later. In 1922, [[Shimesu Koino]] ingested 2,000 ''Ascaris lumbricoides'' eggs, found larvae in his sputum a few days later, then after 50 days took an [[anthelmintic]] and recovered 667 immature ''Ascaris lumbricoides'', thus confirming the life cycle.<ref>{{cite book |last=Grove |first=David I |date=1990 |title=A history of human helminthology|location=Wallingford |publisher=CAB International |pages=1–848 |isbn=0-85198-689-7 }}</ref>