Editing Army Ballistic Missile Agency (section)

=== Army to NASA ===
[[File:Wernher von Braun 1960.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|right|Jupiter was von Braun's last military design while at ABMA. He would later combine fuel tanks from Jupiter and Redstone to build the [[Saturn I]].]]

When the Army was stripped of their long-range surface-to-surface role, the question arose as to what to do with the ABMA team. The large team built up for the Redstone and Jupiter efforts would not be needed for the short range missiles fitting the Wilson range limits, but breaking up the team was something no one wanted.{{sfn|Bilstein|1996|p=25}}

The team soon began working on non-military rockets, which did not fall under the Wilson range requirements. This led to a series of designs extending the existing Juno series, using various combinations of parts from Army and Air Force missiles to meet a wide variety of performance goals. During a visit by [[DARPA|Advanced Research Projects Agency]] (ARPA), the various plans were presented, notably the [[Juno V]] concept which ABMA saw as a solution for launching the [[spy satellite]]s the Air Force was designing. The Air Force was, unsurprisingly, planning to use its own launcher for this, an expanded version of the upcoming [[Titan II]]. ARPA then provided ABMA with initial funding to keep the Juno V project moving, and assigned it von Braun's preferred name of "[[Saturn I|Saturn]]", meaning "the one after Jupiter".{{sfn |Bilstein|1996|p=25}}

Meanwhile, President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]] was interested in handing the job of space exploration to a civilian body, which would avoid any potential issues over the militarization of space. This was formed as [[NASA]] in late 1958.{{sfn|Bilstein|1996|pp=32–33}} Some months later ABMA was handed over to NASA to become the [[Marshall Space Flight Center]].

When the next president, [[John F. Kennedy]], announced the goal of [[Moon landing|landing on the Moon]] on 25 May 1961, two competing designs were considered for the booster, Marshall's [[Saturn V]] and the NASA [[Nova (rocket)|Nova]]. The subsequent selection of the smaller Saturn was a factor in the success of the [[Apollo project]].{{sfn|Bilstein|1996|p=34}}