Editing Antonio Vivaldi (section)

==Death==
[[File:Vivaldi caricature.png|thumb|upright=.8|left|[[Caricature]] by [[Pier Leone Ghezzi|P. L. Ghezzi]], Rome (1723){{refn|There are only three known surviving depictions of Vivaldi made in his lifetime: this caricature, a woodcut by la Cave, and an anonymous oil portrait of the composer and his violin. ''Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians''{{Full citation needed|date=March 2019}}<!--There are five editions of ''Grove's Dictionary'', as well as two editions of the subsequent ''New Grove Dictionary''. All seven articles on Vivaldi are signed. To which article does this claim refer?--> has disputed the authenticity of the last portrait.|group=n}}]]
[[File:Altwiener Bilderbuch nach alten Stichen 0046 b.jpg|thumb|Historic view of the Bürgerspital-Gottesacker cemetery and chapel, where Vivaldi's tomb used to be. They stood next to St. Charles Church until 1807.]]
[[File:Tafel Vivaldi Grabstaette TU Wien DSC 6740w.jpg|thumb|Memorial plaque to Vivaldi's tomb at the main building of the Technical University, dedicated in 1978 by the [[Creditanstalt]]-Bankverein]]
Vivaldi probably moved to Vienna to stage operas, especially as he took up residence near the [[Kärntnertortheater]]. Shortly after his arrival in Vienna, Charles VI died, which left the composer without any imperial patronage or a steady source of income. Soon afterwards, Vivaldi became impoverished{{refn|Landon supplies this assertion and furthermore quotes the report of Vivaldi's death which reached Venice in the ''Commemorali Gradenigo'': "Abbe Lord Antonio Vivaldi, incomparable virtuoso of the violin, known as the Red Priest, much esteemed for his compositions and concertos, who earned more than 50,000 ducats in his life, but his disorderly prodigality caused him to die a pauper in Vienna."{{sfn|Landon|1996|p=166}}|group=n}}{{sfn|Pincherle|1957|p=53}} and, during the night of 27/28 July 1741, aged 63,{{refn|Talbot (p. 69) gives the 27th as the day of death. {{harvnb|Formichetti|2006|p=194}} reports that he died during the night and his death was the first registered on the next day. {{harvnb|Heller|1997|p=263}} states: "The composer's death is noted in the official coroner's report and in the burial account book of St. Stephen's Cathedral Parish as having occurred on 28 July 1741". But the so-called ''Totenbeschauprotokoll'' is not a reliable source, since the date can refer to when the entry was made, not to the actual time of death.|group=n}} he died of "internal [[infection]]", in a house owned by the widow of a Viennese saddlemaker.

On 28 July, Vivaldi's funeral took place at [[St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna|St. Stephen's Cathedral]]. Contrary to popular legend, the young [[Joseph Haydn]] who was in the cathedral choir at the time had nothing to do with his burial, since no music was performed on that occasion.<ref>{{cite web |last=Lorenz |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Lorenz (musicologist) |date=9 June 2014 |title=Haydn Singing at Vivaldi's Exequies: An Ineradicable Myth |website=michaelorenz.blogspot.com |url=http://michaelorenz.blogspot.com/2014/06/haydn-singing-at-vivaldis-exequies.html }}</ref> The funeral was attended by six [[pall-bearer]]s and six choir boys (''Kuttenbuben''), at a "mean" cost of 19 [[Florin#History|florins]] and 45 [[kreuzer]]. Only a ''Kleingeläut'' (small peal of bells), the lowest class, was provided, at a cost of 2 [[florins]] and 36 [[kreuzer]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kendall |first1=Alan |title=Vivaldi |date=1979 |publisher=[[Panther Books]] |location=London |isbn=0586050655 |page=173}}</ref>

Vivaldi was buried in a simple grave in a burial ground that was owned by the public hospital fund – the Bürgerspital-Gottesacker cemetery, next to [[Karlskirche|St Charles Church]], a baroque church in an area that is now part of the site of the [[TU Wien]] university.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.konzert-wien.info/karlskirche-wien.html | title=Die Karlskirche Wien }}</ref> The cemetery existed until 1807. The house where he lived in Vienna has since been destroyed; the [[Hotel Sacher]] is built on part of the site. Memorial plaques have been placed at both locations, as well as a Vivaldi "star" in the Viennese Musikmeile and a monument at the Rooseveltplatz.

Only two, possibly three, original portraits of Vivaldi are known to survive: an engraving, an ink sketch and an oil painting. The engraving, which was the basis of several copies produced later by other artists, was made in 1725 by [[François Morellon de La Cave]] for the first edition of ''[[Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione]]'', and shows Vivaldi holding a sheet of music.{{sfn|Talbot|2011|pp=147–148}} The ink sketch, a [[caricature]], was done by [[Pier Leone Ghezzi|Ghezzi]] in 1723 and shows Vivaldi's head and shoulders in profile. It exists in two versions: a first jotting kept at the [[Vatican Library]], and a much lesser-known, slightly more detailed copy recently discovered in Moscow.{{sfn|Talbot|2011|p=87}} The oil painting, which can be seen in the [[International Museum and Library of Music of Bologna]], is by an anonymous artist and is thought to depict Vivaldi due to its strong resemblance to the La Cave engraving.{{sfn|Talbot|2011|p=148}}

During his lifetime, Vivaldi was popular in many countries throughout Europe, including France, but after his death his popularity dwindled. After the end of the Baroque period, Vivaldi's published concerti became relatively unknown, and were largely ignored. Even his most famous work, ''The Four Seasons'', was unknown in its original edition during the [[Classical period (music)|Classical]] and [[Romantic music|Romantic]] periods. Vivaldi's work was rediscovered in the 20th century.