Editing Anatomical terms of location (section)

===Medial and lateral<span class="anchor" id="unilateral"></span><span class="anchor" id="bilateral"></span><span class="anchor" id="temporal"></span>===
These terms describe how close something is to the median plane.<ref name="Gray's"/><ref name="Purves1"/> '''Lateral''' ({{ety|la|lateralis|to the side}}) describes something to the sides of an animal, as in "left lateral" and "right lateral". '''Medial''' ({{ety|la|medius|middle}}) describes structures close to the median plane, or closer to the median plane than another structure.<ref name="Purves1"/> For example, in a human, the arms are lateral to the [[torso]]. The [[Sex organ|genitals]] are medial to the legs. '''Temporal''' has a similar meaning to lateral but is restricted to the head.

The terms "left" and "right", or [[sinistral and dextral]], refer to the halves of a bilaterally symmetrical body divided by the median plane.

Terms derived from lateral include:

* '''Contralateral''' ({{ety|la|contra|against}}): on the side opposite to another structure. For example, the right arm and leg are controlled by the left, [[Contralateral brain|contralateral, side of the brain]].
* '''Ipsilateral''' ({{ety|la|ipse|same}}): on the same side as another structure. For example, the left arm is ipsilateral to the left leg.<ref name="Moore1"/>
* '''Bilateral''' ({{ety|la|bis|twice}}): on both sides of the body.<ref name="Moore1"/> For example, bilateral [[orchiectomy]] means removal of [[testes]] on both sides of the body.
* '''Unilateral''' ({{ety|la|unus|one}}) one-sided or single-sided: on one side of the body.<ref name="Moore1"/> For example, unilateral deafness is hearing impairment in one ear.<ref name="Dodson">{{cite journal |last1=Dodson |first1=Kelley M |last2=Georgolios |first2=Alexandros |last3=Barr |first3=Noelle |title=Etiology of unilateral hearing loss in a national hereditary deafness repository |journal=American Journal of Otolaryngology |date=2012 |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=590-594 |doi=10.1016/j.amjoto.2012.03.005 |access-date=24 March 2025| url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196070912000658|doi-access=free }}</ref>

'''[[Varus deformity|Varus]]''' ({{ety|la||bow-legged}}) and '''[[valgus deformity|valgus]]''' ({{ety|la||knock-kneed}} ) are terms used to describe angulation or bowing  of a bone or joint within the coronal plane, where the distal portion deviates towards (varus) or away from (valgus) the midline.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hacking |first1=Craig |title=Valgus vs varus |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/valgus-vs-varus-1?lang=us |website=Radiopedia |access-date=24 March 2025}}</ref>

{{Anchor|proximal|distal}}