Editing Alfa Romeo (section)

===Technological development===
Alfa Romeo has introduced many technological innovations over the years, and the company has often been among the first users of new technologies. Its trademark [[double overhead cam]] engine was used for the first time in the 1914 [[Alfa Romeo Grand Prix|Grand Prix]] car,<ref name="europeancarweb.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.europeancarweb.com/features/0209ec_twin_cam_analysis/index.html |title=Tech Analysis: An Echo of the Past: The history and evolution of twin-cam engines |access-date=17 August 2010 |work=europeancarweb.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303061544/http://www.europeancarweb.com/features/0209ec_twin_cam_analysis/index.html |archive-date=3 March 2012 }}</ref> the first road car with such an engine, the [[Alfa Romeo 6C|6C 1500 Sport]], appeared in 1928.

Alfa Romeo tested one of the first electronic fuel injection systems ([[Caproni]]-Fuscaldo) in the [[Alfa Romeo 6C]] 2500 with "Ala spessa" body in 1940 [[Mille Miglia]]. The engine had six electrically operated injectors, fed by a semi-high pressure circulating fuel pump system.<ref name="digilander.libero.it">{{cite web|url=http://digilander.libero.it/spideralfaromeo/1940b.htm|title=1940 6C 2500 Touring 'Ala Spessa'|access-date=11 April 2009|work= digilander.libero.it|language=it}}</ref>

1969 models for the [[North America]]n market had [[SPICA]] (Società Pompe Iniezione Cassani & Affini, a subsidiary of Alfa Romeo) [[Manifold injection#Mechanical controlling|mechanical fuel injection]]. According to Alfa Romeo, the engine's power output and performance were unchanged from the carburetted version. The SPICA system continued until the 1982 model year with the introduction of 2.0 liter [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] [[Fuel injection#Multi-point injection|electronic fuel injection]].

Mechanical [[variable valve timing]] was introduced in the [[Alfa Romeo Spider]], sold in the U.S. in 1980.<ref name="alfaspiderfaq.org">{{cite web|url=http://alfaspiderfaq.org/spdrfaq_v3.pdf|title=Alfa Romeo Spider FAQ|access-date=17 August 2010|work=alfaspiderfaq.org| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100917033438/http://alfaspiderfaq.org/spdrfaq_v3.pdf| archive-date= 17 September 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> All Alfa Romeo Spider models from 1983 onward used electronic VVT.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rees |first=Chris |title=Original Alfa Romeo Spider |year=2001 |url=https://archive.org/details/originalalfaspid00chri/page/102 |publisher=MBI Publishing 2001 |page=[https://archive.org/details/originalalfaspid00chri/page/102 102] |isbn=0-7603-1162-5 |url-access=registration }}</ref>

The 105 series [[Alfa Romeo Giulia|Giulia]] was quite an advanced car, using technologies such as all-wheel [[disc brake]]s,<ref name="conceptcarz.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z6327/Alfa-Romeo-Giulia.aspx|title=Alfa Romeo Giulia|access-date=17 August 2010|work=conceptcarz.com}}</ref> and a plastic radiator header tank.{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}} It had also the lowest [[drag coefficient]] (Cd) in its class<ref name="sportscarmarket.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.sportscarmarket.com/car-reviews/alfa-romeo/1414-1965-alfa-romeo-giulia-ti/|title=Alfa Romeo Giulia Ti|access-date=17 August 2010|work=sportscarmarket.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302074924/http://www.sportscarmarket.com/car-reviews/alfa-romeo/1414-1965-alfa-romeo-giulia-ti/|archive-date=2 March 2012}}</ref> The same trend continued with the Alfetta 2000 and GTV, which had quirks such as 50:50 [[weight distribution]],<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 Alfa Romeo Alfetta |url=https://www.hagertyinsurance.co.uk/price-guide/1980-Alfa_Romeo-Alfetta |website=hagertyinsurance.co.uk |access-date=19 June 2018 |archive-date=19 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319104522/https://www.hagerty.co.uk/valuation/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=1985 Alfa Romeo GTV6: Ensemble player |url=http://autoweek.com/article/1985-alfa-romeo-gtv6-ensemble-player |website=Autoweek |date=June 2010 |access-date=19 June 2018}}</ref> standard fit [[alloy wheel]]s{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}} and [[transaxle]].<ref name="www.sportscarmarket.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.sportscarmarket.com/car-reviews/74-alfa-romeo/1811-1976-alfa-romeo-alfetta-sedan|title=Alfa Romeo Alfetta Sedan|access-date=17 August 2010|work=sportscarmarket.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302075017/http://www.sportscarmarket.com/car-reviews/74-alfa-romeo/1811-1976-alfa-romeo-alfetta-sedan|archive-date=2 March 2012}}</ref>

Newer innovations include complete [[Computer-aided design|CAD]] design process used in designing the [[Alfa Romeo 164]]<ref name="digest.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.digest.net/alfa/FAQ/164/pb87/pb87.htm|title=The new Alfa Romeo 164|access-date=17 August 2010|work=digest.net|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622180007/http://www.digest.net/alfa/FAQ/164/pb87/pb87.htm|archive-date=22 June 2013}}</ref> and an [[Automated manual transmission|automated/paddle-shift transmission]] called ''[[Selespeed]]'' used in the [[Alfa Romeo 156|156]];<ref name="alfaworkshop.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.alfaworkshop.co.uk/alfa_romeo_156.shtml|title=Alfa Romeo 156|access-date=17 August 2010|work=alfaworkshop.co.uk| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202555/http://www.alfaworkshop.co.uk/alfa_romeo_156.shtml| archive-date= 4 July 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> the 156 was also the world's first passenger car to use [[Common rail]] diesel engine.<ref name="autonews.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.autonews.com/files/07_ane_ptc/speakers.html|title=New powertrain technologies conference|access-date=17 August 2010|work=autonews.com}}</ref> The [[Multiair]] -an electro-hydraulic variable valve actuation technology used in [[Alfa Romeo MiTo|MiTo]] was introduced in 2009.<ref name="www.italiaspeed.com/2009/cars">{{cite web|url=http://www.italiaspeed.com/2009/cars/alfa_romeo/09/mito_multiair/new_model.html|title=08.09.2009 New Model: ALFA Mito Multiar (105 BHP, 135 BHP & 170 BHP)|access-date=17 August 2010|work=italiaspeed.com/2009/cars}}</ref> In 2016, the Alfa Romeo Giulia came with electrical brakes.<ref name="motormag.com.au">MOTOR: [https://www.motormag.com.au/features/1707/geek-speak-alfa-romeos-brake-by-wire Geek Speak: Alfa Romeo's brake by wire | MOTOR], accessdate: 27. January 2018</ref>