Editing Agricultural subsidy (section)

=== Asia ===
{{expand section|date=June 2012}}
Agricultural subsidies in Asia vary significantly across countries, reflecting differing policy priorities, levels of development, and agricultural dependence. Several Asian nations allocate substantial government support to their agricultural sectors through subsidies for inputs, credit, infrastructure, and price support mechanisms.

Farm subsidies in Asia remain a point of contention in global trade talks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ictsd.org/i/news/bridgesweekly/114947/|title=US, India, Japan Farm Subsidies Face WTO Ag Committee Scrutiny|publisher=ICTSD|access-date=13 June 2012|archive-date=3 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203061708/http://ictsd.org/i/news/bridgesweekly/114947/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://theindianawaaz.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6802&catid=9|title=BRICS for end to rich nations' farm subsidies|publisher=The Indian Awaaz|author=Ashok B Sharma|date=2012-03-28}}</ref>

==== China ====
In 2016, China provided $212 billion in agricultural subsidies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldwatch.org/agricultural-subsidies-remain-staple-industrial-world-0|title=Agricultural Subsidies Remain a Staple in the Industrial World {{!}} Worldwatch Institute|website=www.worldwatch.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-01|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214120206/http://www.worldwatch.org/agricultural-subsidies-remain-staple-industrial-world-0|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2018, China increased their subsidies for soybean farmers in their northeastern provinces. Corn farmers, however, received reduced subsidies due to Beijing's 2017 policy that set out to reduce its huge stockpile. Soybean farmers in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Inner Mongolia provinces will receive more subsidies from Beijing than corn farmers. The cutting of corn acreage and the lifting of soybean acreage came in 2016 as a push from China to re-balance grain stocks. Subsidies for agriculture machinery and equipment will also be provided by Beijing to farmers.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-agriculture-subsidies/china-grants-more-subsidies-to-soy-farmers-as-it-cuts-corn-stocks-idUSKCN1HA176|title=China grants more subsidies to soy farmers as it cuts corn stocks|work=Reuters|access-date=2018-11-01|language=en-US}}</ref>

==== Indonesia ====
In 1971, as a method of expanding the rice supply in Indonesia, the government began subsidizing fertilizer to farmers after the discovery and introduction of new, high-yielding rice varieties.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hedley |first1=D |title=Fertilizer in Indonesian agriculture: the subsidy issue |journal=Agricultural Economics |date=March 1989 |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=49–68 |doi=10.1016/0169-5150(89)90038-8 |doi-broken-date=9 December 2024 |s2cid=154965004 |url=http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/172153/files/agec1989v003i001a003.pdf }}</ref> In 2012, Indonesia provided $28 billion in agricultural subsidies.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldwatch.org/agricultural-subsidies-remain-staple-industrial-world-0|title=Agricultural Subsidies Remain a Staple in the Industrial World {{!}} Worldwatch Institute|website=www.worldwatch.org|language=en|access-date=2018-05-02|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214120206/http://www.worldwatch.org/agricultural-subsidies-remain-staple-industrial-world-0|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==== Japan ====
Over the 2000s, Japan has been reforming its generous agricultural subsidy regime to support more business-oriented farmers.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jentzsch |first1=Hanno |title=Tracing the Local Origins of Farmland Policies in Japan—Local-National Policy Transfers and Endogenous Institutional Change |journal=Social Science Japan Journal |date=1 August 2017 |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=243–260 |doi=10.1093/ssjj/jyx026 |hdl=10.1093/ssjj/jyx026 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Yet, subsidies remain high in international comparison. In 2009, Japan paid US$46.5 billion in subsidies to its farmers,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.agrimoney.com/news/eu-farm-subsidies-fall-bucking-global-trend--1932.html|title=EU farm subsidies fall, bucking global trend|publisher=Agrimoney.com|date=2010-07-01|access-date=13 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522171051/http://www.agrimoney.com/news/eu-farm-subsidies-fall-bucking-global-trend--1932.html|archive-date=22 May 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> and continued state support of farmers in Japan remains a controversial topic.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tokyofoundation.org/en/articles/2011/farming-survive-liberalization|title=Can Japanese Farming Survive Liberalization?|publisher=The Tokyo Foundation|author=Yutaka Harada|date=2012-01-17}}</ref> In 2012, Japan provided $65 billion in agricultural subsidies.<ref name=":0" />

==== South Korea ====
South Korea has made attempts to reform its agricultural sector, despite resistance from vested interests.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?biid=2012031703458|title=Coffee shop farmers|publisher=The Dong-A Ilbo|date=2012-03-17}}</ref> In 2012, South Korea provided approximately $20 billion in agricultural subsidies.<ref name=":0" />

====India====
Agricultural subsidy in India primarily consists of subsidies like, fertilizer, irrigation, equipment, credit subsidy, seed subsidy, export subsidy etc. Subsidy on fertilizers is provided by the Central government whereas subsidy on water and irrigation is provided by the local State governments.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Hemant|title=Different Types of Agricultural Subsidies Given to Farmers in India|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/different-types-of-agricultural-subsidies-given-to-farmers-in-india-1445333409-1 |website=Jagran Josh|date=20 October 2015 }}</ref> Drawing on the most recent estimates, annual central government subsidies to farmers would be of the order of {{INRConvert|120500|c|lk=|year=2020}} as the sum of fertilizer subsidies ({{INRConvert|70000|c|lk=|year=2020}}, 2017/18), credit subsidies ({{INRConvert|20000|c|lk=|year=2020}}, 2017/18), crop insurance subsidies ({{INRConvert|6500|c|lk=|year=2020}}, 2018/19) and expenditures towards price support ({{INRConvert|24000|c|lk=|year=2020}} estimated for 2016/17).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ramaswami|first=Bharat|date=March 2019|title=Agricultural Subsidies|url=https://fincomindia.nic.in/writereaddata/html_en_files/fincom15/StudyReports/Agricultural%20subsidies.pdf|journal=Study Prepared for XV Finance Commission}}</ref> Total subsidies to farmers in India is in the range of $45 billion to 50 billion, to the tune of 2%-2.5% of GDP. But per farmer the subsidy just about touches $48 in India, compared to over $7,000 in the U.S.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gupta|first=Dipankar|date=2020-12-25|title=The farmers' protest, truths and half-truths|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/the-farmers-protest-truths-and-half-truths/article33413371.ece|access-date=2020-12-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==== Armenia ====
Direct subsidies, of the Ministry of Agriculture, include subsidies for fertilizers, improved seed, [[agrochemical|agricultural chemicals]], and fuel. The purpose of subsidies is to aid the smallest farmers in the sector. In particular, the maximum loan size for interest subsidies is minimal, and only farms with less than 3 ha are eligible for fuel, fertilizer, chemical, and seed subsidies. For loans of up to 3 million drams (about US$6,185 at current exchange rates), subsidies decrease interest rates from 10%–12% to 4%–6% in an effort to support Armenia's smaller farms.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Garry |first=Christensen |date=May 2017 |title=Sustainable, Inclusive Agriculture Sector Growth in Armenia |doi=10.1596/29699 |url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29699?show=full |language=English}}</ref>