Editing Acne (section)

=== Diet ===
High-[[glycemic load|glycemic-load]] diets have been found to have different degrees of effect on acne severity.<ref name="Mahmood2014"/><ref name=Brosnick2014/><ref name=Acta2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Melnik BC, John SM, Plewig G | title = Acne: risk indicator for increased body mass index and insulin resistance | journal = Acta Dermato-Venereologica | volume = 93 | issue = 6 | pages = 644–9 | date = November 2013 | pmid = 23975508 | doi = 10.2340/00015555-1677 | type = Review | doi-access = free }}</ref> Multiple [[randomized controlled trial]]s and nonrandomized studies have found a lower-glycemic-load diet to be effective in reducing acne.<ref name=Brosnick2014/> There is weak observational evidence suggesting that dairy milk consumption is positively associated with a higher frequency and severity of acne.<ref name=Bhate2014/><ref name=Brosnick2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bronsnick T, Murzaku EC, Rao BK | title = Diet in dermatology: Part I. Atopic dermatitis, acne, and nonmelanoma skin cancer | journal = Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | volume = 71 | issue = 6 | pages = 1039.e1–1039.e12 | date = December 2014 | pmid = 25454036 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.06.015 | type = Review }}</ref><ref name="Davidovici2010">{{cite journal|vauthors=Davidovici BB, Wolf R|date=January 2010|title=The role of diet in acne: facts and controversies|journal=Clinics in Dermatology|type=Review|volume=28|issue=1|pages=12–6|doi=10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.03.010|pmid=20082944}}</ref><ref name=Diet2010>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ferdowsian HR, Levin S | title = Does diet really affect acne? | journal = Skin Therapy Letter | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 1–2, 5 | date = March 2010 | pmid = 20361171 | url = http://www.skintherapyletter.com/2010/15.3/1.html | url-status = live | type = Review | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150221185238/http://www.skintherapyletter.com/2010/15.3/1.html | archive-date = 21 February 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1159/000325580 |chapter=Evidence for Acne-Promoting Effects of Milk and Other Insulinotropic Dairy Products |title=Milk and Milk Products in Human Nutrition |series=Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop Series: Pediatric Program |year=2011 |last1=Melnik |first1=Bodo C. |volume=67 |pages=131–145 |pmid=21335995 |isbn=978-3-8055-9587-2 |s2cid=25852903 }}</ref> Milk contains [[whey protein]] and hormones such as bovine IGF-1 and precursors of dihydrotestosterone.<ref name=Brosnick2014/> Studies suggest these components promote the effects of insulin and IGF-1 and thereby increase the production of androgen hormones, sebum, and promote the formation of comedones.<ref name=Brosnick2014/> Available evidence does not support a link between eating chocolate or salt and acne severity.<ref name="Davidovici2010"/><ref name=Diet2010/> Few studies have examined the relationship between [[obesity]] and acne.<ref name="Bhate2013"/> [[Vitamin B12|Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>]] may trigger skin outbreaks similar to acne (acneiform eruptions), or worsen existing acne when taken in doses exceeding the [[recommended daily intake]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brescoll J, Daveluy S | title = A review of vitamin B12 in dermatology | journal = American Journal of Clinical Dermatology | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 27–33 | date = February 2015 | pmid = 25559140 | doi = 10.1007/s40257-014-0107-3 | s2cid = 21580128 | type = Review }}</ref>