Editing Absolute monarchy (section)

====Prussia====
{{Further|Prussia}}
[[File:Friedrich der Große - Johann Georg Ziesenis - Google Cultural Institute (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|200 px|King [[Frederick the Great|Frederick II]] of Prussia, "the Great"]]
In [[Brandenburg-Prussia]], the concept of absolute monarch took a notable turn from the above with its emphasis on the monarch as the "first servant of the state", but it also echoed many of the important characteristics of absolutism. Prussia was ruled by the [[House of Hohenzollern]] as a [[feudal monarchy]] from 1525 to 1701 and an absolute monarchy from 1701 to 1848, after which it became a [[federalism|federal]] [[Constitutional monarchy|semi-constitutional]] monarchy from 1848 to 1918 until the monarchy was abolished during the [[German Revolution]].<ref>''The Western Experience'', Seventh Edition, Boston: [[McGraw-Hill]], 1999.</ref>

[[Frederick I of Prussia|Frederick I]] was the first ''[[King in Prussia]]'', beginning his reign on 18 January 1701.<ref name=Beier162>{{cite book|title=Die Chronik der Deutschen|first=Brigitte|last=Beier|publisher=wissenmedia|year=2007|page=162|isbn=978-3-577-14374-5|language= German}}</ref> King [[Frederick the Great]] adopted the title ''King of Prussia'' in 1772, the same year he annexed most of Royal Prussia in the [[First Partition of Poland]], and practiced [[enlightened absolutism]] until his death in 1786. He introduced a general civil code, abolished torture and established the principle that the Crown would not interfere in matters of justice.<ref>David Fraser, ''Frederick the Great: King of Prussia'' (2001) [https://archive.org/details/frederickgreatki00fras/page/n5/mode/2up online]</ref> He also promoted an advanced secondary education, the forerunner of today's German [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] (grammar school) system, which prepares the brightest pupils for university studies. The [[Prussian education system]] was emulated in various countries, including the United States.