Editing ALOHAnet (section)

=== Other protocols ===

The use of a random-access channel in ALOHAnet led to the development of [[carrier-sense multiple access]] (CSMA), a ''listen before send'' random-access protocol that can be used when all nodes send and receive on the same channel.  CSMA in radio channels was extensively modeled.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kleinrock |first1=Len |author-link=Len Kleinrock |last2=Tobagi |first2=Fouad A. |author-link2=Fouad Tobagi |year=1975 |title=Packet switching in Radio Channels: Part I – Carrier Sense Multiple Access Modes and their Throughput-Delay Characteristics |url=http://my.fit.edu/~kostanic/Wirelesss%20Data%20Communication%20Networks/Materials/Lecture%206%20Kleinrock%20and%20Tobagi%20-%20Part1.pdf |journal=IEEE Transactions on Communications |volume=23 |issue=COM–23 |pages=1400–1416 |citeseerx=10.1.1.475.2016 |doi=10.1109/tcom.1975.1092768 |s2cid=5879608 |access-date=2017-11-01 |archive-date=2017-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809064027/http://my.fit.edu/~kostanic/Wirelesss%20Data%20Communication%20Networks/Materials/Lecture%206%20Kleinrock%20and%20Tobagi%20-%20Part1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[AX.25]] packet radio protocol is based on the CSMA approach with collision recovery,<ref>{{cite web|title=AX.25 Link Access Protocol for Amateur Packet Radio|url=http://www.tapr.org/pdf/AX25.2.2.pdf|publisher=[[Tucson Amateur Packet Radio]] |pages=39 |year=1997|access-date=2014-01-06}}</ref> based on the experience gained from ALOHAnet. A variation of CSMA, [[CSMA/CD]] is used in early versions of [[Ethernet]].

ALOHA and the other random-access protocols have an inherent variability in their throughput and delay performance characteristics. For this reason, applications that need highly deterministic load behavior may use [[Master/slave (technology)|master/slave]] or [[token-passing]] schemes (such as [[Token Ring]] or [[ARCNET]]) instead of [[Contention (telecommunications)|contention systems]].