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== Related characters == === Latin alphabet === * [[Æ|{{angbr|Æ æ}}]]: a [[ligature (writing)|ligature]] of {{angbr|AE}} originally used in Latin * {{angbr|A}} with [[diacritic]]s: [[Å|Å å]] [[Ǻ|Ǻ ǻ]] [[Ring (diacritic)|Ḁ ḁ]] [[ẚ]] [[Ă|Ă ă]] [[Ặ|Ặ ặ]] [[Ắ|Ắ ắ]] [[Ằ|Ằ ằ]] [[Ẳ|Ẳ ẳ]] [[Ẵ|Ẵ ẵ]] [[Ȃ|Ȃ ȃ]] [[Â|Â â]] [[Ậ|Ậ ậ]] [[Ấ|Ấ ấ]] [[Ầ|Ầ ầ]] [[Ẫ|Ẫ ẫ]] [[Ẩ|Ẩ ẩ]] [[Ả|Ả ả]] [[Caron|Ǎ ǎ]] [[Bar (diacritic)|Ⱥ ⱥ]] [[Dot (diacritic)|Ȧ ȧ]] [[Ǡ|Ǡ ǡ]] [[Dot (diacritic)|Ạ ạ]] [[Ä|Ä ä]] [[Ǟ|Ǟ ǟ]] [[À|À à]] [[Ȁ|Ȁ ȁ]] [[Á|Á á]] [[Ā|Ā ā]] Ā̀ ā̀ [[Ã|Ã ã]] [[Ą|Ą ą]] Ą́ ą́ Ą̃ ą̃ A̲ a̲ [[ᶏ]]<ref name="L204132">{{Citation |last=Constable |first=Peter |title=L2/04-132 Proposal to Add Additional Phonetic Characters to the UCS |date=19 April 2004 |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04132-n2740-phonetic.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011014355/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04132-n2740-phonetic.pdf |access-date=2018-03-24 |archive-date=2017-10-11 |url-status=live |via=www.unicode.org}}</ref> *[[Phonetic transcription#Alphabetic|Phonetic alphabet]] symbols related to A—the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] only uses lowercase, but uppercase forms are used in some other writing systems: ** {{angbr|Ɑ ɑ}}: [[Latin alpha]], represents an [[open back unrounded vowel]] in the IPA ** {{angbr|ᶐ}}: Latin small alpha with a retroflex hook<ref name="L204132" /> ** {{angbr|Ɐ ɐ}}: [[Turned A]], represents a [[near-open central vowel]] in the IPA ** {{angbr|Λ ʌ}}: [[Turned V]], represents an [[open-mid back unrounded vowel]] in IPA ** {{angbr|Ɒ ɒ}}: Turned alpha or script A, represents an [[open back rounded vowel]] in the IPA ** {{angbr|ᶛ}}: Modifier letter small turned alpha<ref name="L204132" /> ** {{angbr|ᴀ}}: Small capital A, an [[Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet|obsolete or non-standard symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet]] used to represent various sounds (mainly open vowels) **{{angbr|<sup>A a</sup> ᵄ}}: Modifier letters are used in the [[Uralic Phonetic Alphabet]] (UPA),<ref>{{Citation |last=Everson |first=Michael |title=L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet Characters for the UCS |date=20 March 2002 |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02141-n2419-uralic-phonetic.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219081033/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02141-n2419-uralic-phonetic.pdf |access-date=2018-03-24 |display-authors=etal |archive-date=2018-02-19 |author-link=Michael Everson |url-status=live |via=www.unicode.org}}</ref> sometimes encoded with [[Unicode subscripts and superscripts]] **{{angbr|<sub>a</sub>}}: Subscript small a is used in [[Indo-European studies]]<ref>{{Citation |last1=Anderson |first1=Deborah |title=L2/04-191: Proposal to Encode Six Indo-Europeanist Phonetic Characters in the UCS |date=7 June 2004 |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04191-n2788-laryngeals.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011014402/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04191-n2788-laryngeals.pdf |access-date=2018-03-24 |archive-date=2017-10-11 |last2=Everson |first2=Michael |url-status=live |via=www.unicode.org}}</ref> **{{angbr|ꬱ}}: Small letter a reversed-schwa is used in the [[Teuthonista]] phonetic transcription system<ref>{{Citation |last1=Everson |first1=Michael |title=L2/11-202: Revised Proposal to Encode "Teuthonista" Phonetic Characters in the UCS |date=2 June 2011 |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11202-n4081-teuthonista.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011012426/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11202-n4081-teuthonista.pdf |access-date=2018-03-24 |archive-date=2017-10-11 |last2=Dicklberger |first2=Alois |last3=Pentzlin |first3=Karl |last4=Wandl-Vogt |first4=Eveline |url-status=live |via=www.unicode.org}}</ref> ** {{angbr|Ꞻ ꞻ}}: Glottal A, used in the transliteration of [[Ugaritic]]<ref>{{Citation |last=Suignard |first=Michel |title=L2/17-076R2: Revised Proposal for the Encoding of an Egyptological YOD and Ugaritic Characters |date=9 May 2017 |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17076r2-n4792r2-egyptological-yod.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330043926/https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17076r2-n4792r2-egyptological-yod.pdf |access-date=8 March 2019 |archive-date=2019-03-30 |url-status=live |via=www.unicode.org}}</ref> === Derived signs, symbols and abbreviations === * {{angbr|<big>ª</big>}}: [[ordinal indicator]] * {{angbr|Å}}: [[Ångström]] sign * {{angbr|∀}}: turned capital letter A, used in [[predicate logic]] to specify [[universal quantification]] ("for all") * {{angbr|@}}: [[At sign]] * {{angbr|₳}}: [[Argentine austral]] * {{angbr|Ⓐ}}: [[Anarchist symbolism#circle-a|anarchy symbol]] === Ancestor and sibling letters === * {{angbr|{{lang|phn|𐤀}}}}: Phoenician [[aleph]], from which the following symbols originally derive:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jensen |first=Hans |title=Sign, Symbol, and Script |publisher=G. P. Putman's Sons |year=1969 |location=New York}}</ref> ** {{angbr|{{lang|el|Α α}}}}: [[Greek alphabet|Greek]] letter [[alpha]], from which the following letters derive:<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-02-17 |title=Hebrew Lesson of the Week: The Letter Aleph |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/spotlight/hebrew-lesson-of-the-week-letter-aleph/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526113655/https://www.timesofisrael.com/spotlight/hebrew-lesson-of-the-week-letter-aleph/ |archive-date=2018-05-26 |access-date=2018-05-25 |via=[[The Times of Israel]]}}</ref> *** {{angbr|{{lang|und|А а}}}}: [[Cyrillic]] letter [[A (Cyrillic)|A]]<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Cyrillic Alphabet |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cyrillic-alphabet |access-date=2018-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526114423/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cyrillic-alphabet |archive-date=2018-05-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> *** {{angbr|{{Script|Copt|Ⲁ ⲁ}}}}: [[Coptic alphabet|Coptic]] letter alpha<ref>{{Cite book |last=Silvestre |first=M. J. B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n2QWAAAAYAAJ&q=coptic+alphabet&pg=PA123 |title=Universal Palaeography |year=1850 |publisher=Henry G. Bohn |location=London |translator-last=Madden |translator-first=Frederic |access-date=27 October 2020}}</ref> *** {{angbr|𐌀}}: [[Old Italic script|Old Italic]] A, the ancestor of modern Latin A<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fwAoAQAAIAAJ&q=old+italic+greek+alphabet&pg=PA534 |journal=American Journal of Archaeology |year=1891 |page=534 |volume=7 |title=Italic Studies |department=Archaeological News |last=Frothingham |first=A. L. Jr. |issue=4 |jstor=496497 |jstor-access=free |access-date=27 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lv4sDwAAQBAJ&q=old+italic+script+greek&pg=PA96 |title=Understanding Relations Between Scripts: The Aegean Writing Systems |year=2017 |publisher=Oxbow |isbn=978-1-78570-647-9 |editor-last=Steele |editor-first=Philippa M. |location=Oxford |access-date=27 October 2020}}</ref> **** {{angbr|{{Script|Runr|ᚨ}}}}: [[Runic]] letter [[ansuz]], which probably derives from old Italic A<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fortson |first=Benjamin W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bSxHgej4tKMC&q=Runic+developed+from+old+italic&pg=PA349 |title=Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction |year=2010 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-4443-5968-8 |edition=2nd |access-date=27 October 2020}}</ref> *** {{angbr|{{Script|Goth|𐌰}}}}: [[Gothic alphabet|Gothic]] letter aza * {{angbr|{{lang|am|Ա ա}}}}: [[Armenian alphabet|Armenian]] letter [[Ayb (letter)|ayb]]
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