Editing High-speed rail (section)

==Existing systems by country and region==
{{main|List of high-speed railway lines}}
{{See also|Proposed high-speed rail by country}}
[[File:China Railway High-speed train passing through station.webm|thumb|China Railway High-speed train passing through [[Shenzhou railway station]] in Hainan]]

The early high-speed lines, built in France, Japan, Italy and Spain, were between pairs of large cities. In France, this was Paris–[[Lyon]], in Japan, Tokyo–[[Osaka]], in Italy, [[Rome]]–[[Florence]], in Spain, [[Madrid]]–[[Seville]] (then [[Barcelona]]). In European and East Asian countries, dense networks of urban subways and railways provide connections with high-speed rail lines.

=== Asia <span class="anchor" id="Asia"></span> ===
==== China ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in China}}
China has the largest network of high-speed railways in the world.  {{As of|2022}} it encompassed over {{convert|40000|km|abbr=off}} of high-speed rail or over two-thirds of the world's total.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Length of Beijing-HK rail network same as Equator |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2022/01/01/length-of-beijing-hk-rail-network-same-as-equator |access-date=2022-10-25 |website=The Star |date=January 2022 |language=en}}</ref>  It is also the world's busiest with an annual ridership of over 1.44 billion in 2016<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |url=https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/2180562/full-speed-ahead-chinas-high-speed-rail-network-2019-bid-boost |title=Full speed ahead for China's high-speed rail network in 2019|work=[[South China Morning Post]]|access-date=24 January 2019}}</ref> and 2.01 billion in 2018, more than 60% of total passenger rail volume.<ref name="ifeng" /> By the end of 2018, cumulative passengers delivered by high-speed railway trains was reported to be over 9 billion.<ref name="ifeng">{{cite web |title=中国高铁动车组发送旅客90亿人次：2018年占比超60％_凤凰网 |trans-title=China's high-speed rail trains send 9 billion passengers: more than 60% in 2018 |url=https://tech.ifeng.com/c/7j6hzuFRsF0 |date=1 January 2019 |access-date=27 February 2021 |website=tech.ifeng.com |publisher=Phoenix New Media}}</ref> According to ''[[Railway Gazette International]]'', select trains between [[Beijing South railway station|Beijing South]] to [[Nanjing South railway station|Nanjing South]] on the [[Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway]] have the fastest average operating speed in the world at {{convert|317.7|km/h|1|abbr=on}} {{As of|2019|July|lc=y|df=}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/fileadmin/user_upload/railwaygazette.com/PDF/Railway_Gazette_World_Speed_Survey_2019.pdf |title=China powers ahead as new entrants clock in|website=Railway Gazette International|access-date=9 July 2019|archive-date=9 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709020342/https://www.railwaygazette.com/fileadmin/user_upload/railwaygazette.com/PDF/Railway_Gazette_World_Speed_Survey_2019.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Psb.jpeg|thumb|Chinese [[China Railways CRH380A|CRH380A]] high-speed train]]
The improved mobility and interconnectivity created by these new high-speed rail lines has generated a whole new high-speed commuter market around some urban areas. Commutes via high-speed rail to and from surrounding [[Hebei]] and [[Tianjin]] into [[Beijing]] have become increasingly common, likewise are between the cities surrounding [[Shanghai]], [[Shenzhen]] and [[Guangzhou]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://urbanland.uli.org/capital-markets/shanghai-shenzhen-beijing-lead-prospects-ulis-china-cities-survey/|title=Shanghai, Shenzhen, Beijing Lead Prospects in ULI's China Cities Survey – Urban Land Magazine|date=3 October 2016|work=Urban Land Magazine|access-date=13 March 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/451551468241176543/pdf/932270BRI0Box30ffic020140final000EN.pdf|title=High-Speed Railways in China: A Look at Traffic|last=Ollivier|first=Gerald}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=27 February 2021|title=Intercity commuters are a puzzle for Chinese officials|newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/china/2021/02/27/intercity-commuters-are-a-puzzle-for-chinese-officials |access-date=27 February 2021|issn=0013-0613}}</ref>

==== Hong Kong ====
{{Main|Hong Kong Express Rail Link}}
A {{convert|26|km|abbr=off}}, entirely underground express rail link connects [[Hong Kong West Kowloon railway station]] near [[Kwun Chung]] to the border with Chinese mainland, where the railway continues onwards to [[Shenzhen]]'s [[Futian railway station (Guangdong)|Futian station]]. A depot and the stabling sidings are located in [[Shek Kong]]. Parts of the West Kowloon station are not under the jurisdiction of Hong Kong to facilitate co-location of border clearance.

==== Indonesia ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Indonesia}}
[[File:KCIC400AF at Kopo, Bound for Halim (cropped).jpg|thumb|KCIC400AF, Indonesian variant of CR400AF]]Indonesia operates a {{convert|142.8|km|abbr=off}} high-speed rail line connecting its two largest cities in Western [[Java]], the [[High-speed rail in Indonesia|Whoosh HSR]] with an operational speed of {{convert|350|km/h|0|abbr=on}}. Operations commenced in October 2023. It is the first high-speed rail in [[Southeast Asia]] and the [[Southern Hemisphere]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=T |first1=Sharon |title=Indonesia electrifies railway from Jakarta to Bandung |url=https://asiatimes.com/2022/10/g20-to-showcase-chinas-high-speed-rail/ |access-date=26 August 2020 |publisher=AFM}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2023-06-25 |title=Melesat di Kecepatan 320 Km per Jam, Kereta Cepat Minim Guncangan |url=https://mediaindonesia.com/ekonomi/592358/melesat-di-kecepatan-320-km-per-jam-kereta-cepat-minim-guncangan |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=mediaindonesia.com |language=id}}</ref>

==== Japan ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Japan}}
In Japan, the [[Shinkansen]] was the first high-speed train and has a cumulative ridership of 10+&nbsp;billion passengers with zero passenger fatalities due to operational accidents in its 60+ years of operation. It is the second largest high-speed rail system in Asia with {{convert|2951|km|abbr=off}} of high-speed lines.<ref>[https://www.japan-rail-pass.com/plan-your-trip/travel-by-train/shinkansen/japanese-bullet-trains Japanese Bullet Trains], Japan Railways Group. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091218064013/https://www.japan-rail-pass.com/plan-your-trip/travel-by-train/shinkansen/japanese-bullet-trains |date=18 December 2009 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.bu.edu/sjmag/scimag2005/opinion/amtrak.htm AMTRAK, Off Track], Triplepoint. Boston University.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdot-info/rail/high_speed/system-summaries/japan.pdf |title=Japan}}</ref>

==== Saudi Arabia ====
Plans in Saudi Arabia to begin service on a high-speed line consist of a phased opening starting with the route from [[Medina]] to [[King Abdullah Economic City]] followed up with the rest of the line to [[Mecca]] the following year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/news/saudi-arabia/610201|title=Bridge near KAIA to be removed in 2 months|date=31 July 2014|access-date=17 December 2014}}</ref> The {{convert|453|km|mi|adj=mid|-long}} [[Haramain high-speed railway]] opened in 2018.

==== South Korea ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in South Korea}}
Since its opening in 2004, [[KTX]] has transferred over 1 billion passengers as of August 2023,<ref name="KTX-1-bln-passengers">{{cite web |title=No. of KTX train passengers tops 1 billion |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/PYH20230831197400315 |website=[[Yonhap News Agency]] |access-date=22 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222132223/https://en.yna.co.kr/view/PYH20230831197400315 |archive-date=22 February 2025 |date=31 August 2023 |url-status=live |last1=Nam |first1=Sang-Hyun }}</ref> and now Asia's third largest with 
{{convert|887|km|abbr=off}} of rail lines. In 2013, for any transportation involving travel above {{convert|300|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}}, the KTX secured a market share of 57% over other modes of transport, which is by far the largest.<ref>{{cite web |language=ko |url=http://www.hankyung.com/news/app/newsview.php?aid=201304012525g |script-title=ko:KTX 개통 9년…이용객 4억명 돌파 눈앞 |trans-title=KTX Opens 9 Years Later… Passengers on the Verge of Surpassing 400 Million |publisher=Hankyung.com |date=1 April 2013 |access-date=12 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222132452/https://www.hankyung.com/news/app/newsview.php?aid=201304012525g |archive-date=22 February 2025}}</ref>

==== Taiwan ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Taiwan}}
Taiwan has a single north–south high-speed line, [[Taiwan High Speed Rail|Taiwan high-speed rail]]. It is approximately {{convert|345|km|abbr=off}} long, along the west coast of Taiwan from the national capital Taipei to the southern city of Kaohsiung. The construction was managed by Taiwan  high-speed rail Corporation and the total cost of the project was US$18&nbsp;billion. The private company operates the line fully, and the system is based primarily on Japan's [[Shinkansen]] technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ftp.txdot.gov/pub/txdot-info/rail/high_speed/system-summaries/taiwan.pdf |title=Taiwan}}</ref>

Eight initial stations were built during the construction of the  high-speed rail system: Taipei, Banqiao, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Taichung, Chiayi, Tainan, and Zuoying (Kaohsiung).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www5.thsrc.com.tw/en/about/ab_comp.asp|title=Taiwan High Speed Rail Corporation|access-date=17 December 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227080200/http://www5.thsrc.com.tw/en/about/ab_comp.asp|archive-date=27 December 2014}}</ref> The line now has 12 total stations (Nangang, Taipei, Banqiao, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Miaoli, Taichung, Changhua, Yunlin, Chiayi, Tainan and Zuoying) as of August 2018. There is a planned and approved extension to Yilan and Pingtung, which are set to enter service by 2030.

==== Uzbekistan ====
{{Main|Rail transport in Uzbekistan#High speed rail}}
Uzbekistan has a single high-speed rail line, the [[Tashkent–Samarkand high-speed rail line]], which allows trains to reach up to {{convert|250|km/h|1|abbr=on}} with {{convert|600|km|abbr=off}} of rail lines. There are also electrified extensions at lower speeds to [[Bukhara]] and [[Dehqonobod|Dehkanabad]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yeniseyev |first1=Maksim |title=Uzbekistan electrifies railway towards Afghan border |url=https://central.asia-news.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_ca/features/2017/01/17/feature-01 |access-date=26 August 2020 |publisher=Caravanserai}}</ref>

=== Africa ===
==== Morocco ====
In November 2007, the Moroccan government decided to undertake the construction of a high-speed rail line between the economic capital [[Casablanca]] and [[Tangier]], one of the largest harbour cities on the [[Strait of Gibraltar]].<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/africa/moroccan-high-speed-line-to-open-in-spring-2018.html|title=Moroccan high-speed line to open in spring 2018|last=Briginshaw|first=David|access-date=23 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708054938/http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/africa/moroccan-high-speed-line-to-open-in-spring-2018.html|archive-date=8 July 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The line will also serve the capital [[Rabat]] and [[Kenitra]]. The first section of the line, the {{convert|323|km|mi|adj=mid|}} [[Kenitra–Tangier high-speed rail line]], was completed in 2018.<ref name=":4">{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/11/africa-fastest-train-steams-morocco-181115165325722.html|title='Africa's fastest train' steams ahead in Morocco|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al Jazeera]]|date=15 November 2018|access-date=17 November 2018}}</ref>

=== Europe ===
{{Main|High-speed rail in Europe}}
[[File:High Speed Railroad Map of Europe.svg|right|thumb|300px|Operational high-speed lines in Europe]]
In Europe, several nations are interconnected with cross-border high-speed rail, such as London-Paris, Paris-Brussel-Rotterdam, Madrid-Perpignan, and other future connecting projects exist.

==== France ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in France}}

France has {{convert|2800|km|abbr=off}} of high-speed rail lines, making it one of the largest networks in Europe and the world. Market segmentation has principally focused on the business travel market. The French original focus on business travellers is reflected by the early design of the [[TGV]] trains. Pleasure travel was a secondary market; now many of the French extensions connect with vacation beaches on the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] and [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]], as well as major [[amusement park]]s and also the ski resorts in France and Switzerland. Friday evenings are the peak time for TGVs (''train à grande vitesse'').<ref>Metzler, 1992.{{full citation needed|date=March 2025}}</ref> The system lowered prices on long-distance travel to compete more effectively with air services, and as a result some cities within an hour of Paris by TGV have become commuter communities, increasing the market while restructuring [[land use]].<ref>Levinson, D.{{full citation needed|date=March 2025}}</ref>

On the Paris–Lyon service, the number of passengers grew sufficiently to justify the introduction of double-decker coaches. Later high-speed rail lines, such as the [[LGV Atlantique]], the LGV Est, and most high-speed lines in France, were designed as feeder routes branching into conventional rail lines, serving a larger number of medium-sized cities.

==== Germany ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Germany}}
Germany's first high-speed lines ran north–south, for historical reasons, and later developed east–west after German unification.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} In the early 1900s, Germany became the first country to run a prototype electric train at speeds in excess of 200&nbsp;km/h, and during the 1930s several steam and diesel trains achieved revenue speeds of 160&nbsp;km/h in daily service. The [[InterCityExperimental]] briefly held the world speed record for a steel-wheel-on-steel-rails vehicle during the 1980s. The [[InterCityExpress]] entered revenue service in 1991 and serves purpose-built high-speed lines ({{lang|de|Neubaustrecken}}), upgraded legacy lines ({{lang|de|Ausbaustrecken}}), and unmodified legacy lines. [[Lufthansa]], Germany's flag carrier, has entered into a codeshare agreement with {{lang|de|[[Deutsche Bahn]]|italic=no}} where ICEs run as "feeder flights" bookable with a Lufthansa flight number under the [[AIRail]] program.

====Greece====
In 2022, Greece's first high-speed train began operations between [[Athens]] and [[Thessaloniki]]. The 512&nbsp;km (318 miles) route is covered in 3 to 4 hours with trains reaching speeds of up to 250&nbsp;km/h (160 miles/h).<ref>{{Cite web |title=First high-speed trains to run in Greece |url=https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2021/1/first-high-speed-trains-run-greece |access-date=2023-06-13 |website=Alstom |language=en}}</ref> The 180&nbsp;km (112 mile)  line from Athens to [[Patras]] is also being upgraded to high speed with an expected completion by 2026. The route between Athens and Thessaloniki was previously among the [[List of busiest passenger air routes|busiest passenger air routes]] in Europe.

==== Italy ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Italy}}
[[File:フレッチャロッサ (36309438424).jpg|thumb|Two [[Frecciarossa 1000]] at [[Milano Centrale]]]]
During the 1920s and 1930s, Italy was one of the first countries to develop the technology for high-speed rail. The country constructed the ''Direttissime'' railways connecting major cities on dedicated electrified high-speed track (although at speeds lower to what today would be considered high-speed rail) and developed the fast [[ETR 200]] trainset. After the Second World War and the fall of the fascist regime, interest in high-speed rail dwindled, with the successive governments considering it too costly and developing the tilting [[Pendolino]], to run at medium-high speed (up to {{cvt|250|km/h|mph}}) on conventional lines, instead.

A true dedicated high-speed rail network was developed during the 1980s and the 1990s, and {{convert|1000|km|0|abbr=on}} of high-speed rail were fully operational by 2010. Frecciarossa services are operated with [[ETR 500]] and [[Frecciarossa 1000|ETR1000]] non-tilting trains at 25kVAC, 50&nbsp;Hz power. The operational speed of the service is {{convert|300|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}}.

Over 100 million passengers used the Frecciarossa from the service introduction up to the first months of 2012.<ref>{{cite web|language=it|title=Alta Velocità: tagliato il traguardo dei 100 milioni di viaggiatori|date=10 May 2012|url=http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Trasporti-e-Mobilita/2012/5/10/ALTA-VELOCITA-Tagliato-il-traguardo-dei-100-milioni-di-viaggiatori/277551/|publisher=ilsussidiario.net|access-date=25 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513032808/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Trasporti-e-Mobilita/2012/5/10/ALTA-VELOCITA-Tagliato-il-traguardo-dei-100-milioni-di-viaggiatori/277551/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The high-speed rail system serves about 20 billion passenger-km per year as of 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Il mercato del Trasporto Ferroviario A/V – NTV, Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori|url=https://www.ntvspa.it/investor-relations/il-mercato-del-trasporto-ferroviario-a-v.html|website=www.ntvspa.it|access-date=13 October 2017|language=it}}</ref>
Italian high-speed services are profitable without government funding.<ref>{{cite web|language=it|title=Trenitalia: Dal 2013 a rischio il trasporto locale|url=http://tg24.sky.it/tg24/economia/2012/06/11/trenitalia_fs_mauro_moretti_treni_locali.html|publisher=SkyTG24|access-date=25 June 2012|archive-date=4 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404233037/http://tg24.sky.it/tg24/economia/2012/06/11/trenitalia_fs_mauro_moretti_treni_locali.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori]], the world's first private open-access operator of high-speed rail, is operative in Italy since 2012.<ref>{{cite web|title=Alta velocità e concorrenza: parte la sfida|url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/impresa-e-territori/2012-04-24/alta-velocita-concorrenza-parte-160359.shtml?uuid=AbHufzSF|publisher=il Sole 24 Ore|access-date=28 April 2012}}</ref>

==== Norway ====
{{main|High-speed rail in Norway}}
As of 2015, Norway's fastest trains have a commercial top speed of {{convert|210|km/h|abbr=off}} and the [[Stadler FLIRT|FLIRT]] trains may attain {{convert|200|km/h|abbr=off}}, However the train {{ill|Type 78 (train)|lt=type 78|no|Type 78 (motorvognsett)}} which have a top speed of 245 km/h. A velocity of {{convert|210|km/h|abbr=off}} is permitted on the {{convert|42|km|abbr=off}} [[Gardermoen Line]], which links the [[Gardermoen]] airport to [[Oslo]] and a part of the main line northwards to [[Trondheim]].

Some parts of the trunk railways around Oslo are renewed and built for {{convert|250|km/h|abbr=off}}:
* The Follo Line southwards from Oslo, a {{convert|22|km|mi|adj=mid|abbr=off|-long}} line Oslo–Ski on the Østfold Line, mainly in tunnel, planned to be ready in 2021.
* The Holm–Holmestrand–Nykirke part of the Vestfold Line (west to southwest of Oslo).
* The Farriseidet project, {{convert|14.3|km|abbr=off}} between Larvik and Porsgrunn on the Vestfold Line, {{convert|12.5|km|abbr=off}} in tunnel.{{Citation needed|date=December 2015}}

==== Russia ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Russia}}
The existing [[Saint Petersburg–Moscow Railway]] can operate at maximum speeds of 250&nbsp;km/h; the [[Helsinki]]–[[Saint Petersburg]] railway, dismantled after the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]], was capable of a maximum of 200&nbsp;km/h. A new [[Moscow–Saint Petersburg high-speed railway]], designed specifically for high-speed rail, is currently under construction: once completed, it is expected to have the maximum speed of 400&nbsp;km/h. Future areas include freight lines, such as the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]] in Russia, which would allow 3-day Far East to Europe service for freight, potentially fitting in between the months by ship and hours by air.

==== Serbia ====
A high-speed line of ''SOKO'' ({{langx|sr|soko}}, meaning "falcon") trains connects the country's two most populous cities: [[Belgrade]], the capital of the country, and [[Novi Sad]], the capital of [[Vojvodina]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stevanović |first1=Nemanja |title=Srbija i železnica: Leti "Soko" pun putnika, sa četiri godine zakašnjenja |url=https://www.bbc.com/serbian/lat/srbija-61473331 |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=bbc.com |date=18 May 2022}}</ref> In contrast to the slower [[Stadler FLIRT]] trains used for the ''Regio'' lines,<ref>{{cite news |title=Pojačani polasci "sokola" tokom vikenda |url=https://www.kanal9tv.com/pojacani-polasci-sokola-tokom-vikenda/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=kanal9tv.com |date=25 March 2022}}</ref> the [[Stadler KISS|Stadler KISS-es]]<ref>{{cite news |title=We Took a Ride on "Soko" to Novi Sad – What Did We Like, and What Did We Not Like? (PHOTO, VIDEO) |url=https://www.ekapija.com/en/news/3630571/we-took-a-ride-on-soko-to-novi-sad-what-did-we |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=ekapija.com |date=23 March 2022}}</ref> take 36 minutes<ref>{{cite news |last1=Martać |first1=Isidora |title=Vodič za građane koji redovno putuju vozom Soko na relaciji Novi Sad – Beograd: Cene karata, popusti i pogodnosti |url=https://www.danas.rs/vesti/ekonomija/brzi-voz-soko-beograd-novi-sad-cene-karata/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=danas.rs |date=23 October 2022}}</ref> to go across two cities. In addition to the two main stations, the trains only stop in [[New Belgrade]].<ref>{{cite news |title=OVO JE NOVI RED VOŽNJE NA BRZOJ PRUZI! "Sokolom" 64 puta dnevno iz Beograda i Novog Sada - PROMOTIVNA CENA DO KRAJA MAJA! |url=https://informer.rs/srbija/beograd/700188/ovo-je-novi-red-voznje-na-brzoj-pruzi-sokolom-64-puta-dnevno-iz-beograda-i-novog-sada-promotivna-cena-do-kraja-maja |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=informer.rs |date=3 May 2022}}</ref> The line is currently being extended<ref>{{cite news |title=Vučić: Za godinu dana, od Beograda do Subotice vozom za 75 minuta |url=https://www.mojnovisad.com/vesti/vucic-za-godinu-dana-od-beograda-do-subotice-vozom-za-75-minuta-id59005.html |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=mojnovisad.com |date=21 December 2023}}</ref> to reach [[Subotica]], Serbia's northernmost city.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Blažević |first1=Aleksandra |title=Najseverniji grad Srbije poznat je po bogatom nasleđu i atrakcijama u okolini |url=https://ona.telegraf.rs/putovanja-destinacije/3739021-subotica-i-palic-su-nerazdvojni |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=ona.telegraf.rs |date=29 August 2023}}</ref> The work is expected to be finished until the end of 2024, with an anticipated travel time between Belgrade and Subotica being around 70 minutes.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brzim vozom do Subotice do kraja godine |url=https://vreme.com/ekonomija/brzim-vozom-do-subotice-do-kraja-godine/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |agency=vreme.com |date=26 March 2024}}</ref>

==== Spain ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Spain}}
[[File:Spain High Speed Services.png|thumb|Spanish high-speed services]]
Spain has built an extensive high-speed rail network, with a length of {{convert|3973|km|0|abbr=on}} (2024), the longest in Europe. It uses [[standard gauge]] as opposed to the [[Iberian gauge]] used in most of the national railway network, meaning that the high-speed tracks are separated and not shared with local trains or freight. Although standard gauge is the norm for Spanish  high-speed rail, since 2011 there exists a regional high-speed service running on [[Iberian gauge]] with special trains that connects the cities of [[Ourense]], [[Santiago de Compostela]], [[A Coruña]], and [[Vigo]] in northwestern Spain. Connections to the French network exist since 2013, with direct trains from Paris to [[Barcelona]]. Although on the French side, conventional speed tracks are used from [[Perpignan]] to [[Montpellier]].

==== Switzerland ====
{{main|High-speed rail in Switzerland}}
High-speed north–south freight lines in Switzerland are under construction, avoiding slow mountainous truck traffic, and lowering labour costs. The new lines, in particular the [[Gotthard Base Tunnel]], are built for {{convert|250|km/h|0|abbr=on}}. But the short high-speed parts and the mix with freight will lower the average speeds. The limited size of the country gives fairly short domestic travel times anyway. Switzerland is investing money in lines on French and German soil to enable better access to the high-speed rail networks of those countries from Switzerland.

==== Turkey ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Turkey}}
The [[Turkish State Railways]] started building high-speed rail lines in 2003. The first section of the line, between [[Ankara]] and [[Eskişehir]], was inaugurated on 13 March 2009. It is a part of the {{convert|533|km|0|abbr=on}} [[Istanbul]] to [[Ankara]] high-speed rail line. A subsidiary of Turkish State Railways, [[Yüksek Hızlı Tren]] is the sole commercial operator of high-speed trains in Turkey.

The construction of three separate high-speed lines from Ankara to Istanbul, [[Konya]] and [[Sivas]], as well as taking an Ankara–[[İzmir]] line to the launch stage, form part of the [[Ministry of Transport and Communication (Turkey)|Turkish Ministry of Transport]]'s strategic aims and targets.<ref>[https://www.bmc.net/blog/turkish-high-speed-rail-plans Strategic Aims and Targets]''www.bmc.net''</ref>

==== United Kingdom ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in the United Kingdom}}
The UK's fastest high-speed line ([[High Speed 1]]) connects [[St Pancras station|London St Pancras]] with [[Brussels]], Paris and [[Amsterdam]] through the [[Channel Tunnel Rail Link|Channel Tunnel]]. At speeds of up to {{convert|300|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}}, it is the only high-speed line in Britain with an operating speed of more than {{cvt|125|mph|km/h|0}}.

The [[Great Western Main Line]], [[South Wales Main Line]], [[West Coast Main Line]], [[Midland Main Line]], [[Cross Country Route]] and [[East Coast Main Line]] all have maximum speed limits of {{cvt|125|mph|km/h|0}}. Attempts to increase speeds to {{cvt|140|mph|km/h|0}} on both the West Coast Main Line and East Coast Main Line were abandoned in the 1980s, due to trains operating on those lines not being capable of [[cab signalling]], which was made a legal requirement in the UK for tracks permitted to operate any service at speeds greater than {{cvt|125|mph|km/h|0}}, due to the impracticality of observing lineside signals at such speeds.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickell |first=David |date=2018-11-15 |title=The digital railway - progresses to the East Coast Main Line |url=https://www.railengineer.co.uk/the-digital-railway-progresses-to-the-east-coast-main-line/ |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=Rail Engineer |language=en-GB}}</ref>

===North America===

====United States====
{{Main|High-speed rail in the United States}}
The United States has domestic definitions for high-speed rail varying between jurisdictions.
* The [[United States Code]] defines high-speed rail as services "reasonably expected to reach sustained speeds of more than {{cvt|125|mph}}",<ref name="title49">{{cite web|url=http://uscode.house.gov/uscode-cgi/fastweb.exe?getdoc+uscview+t49t50+641+8++|title=US Code Title 49 § 26105 –Definitions|date=1 February 2010|work=US Code Title 49|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317074713/http://uscode.house.gov/uscode-cgi/fastweb.exe?getdoc+uscview+t49t50+641+8++|archive-date=17 March 2012|url-status=dead|access-date=27 May 2011|quote=reasonably expected to reach sustained speeds of more than 125&nbsp;mph}}</ref>
* The [[Federal Railroad Administration]] uses a definition of top speeds at {{cvt|110|mph}} and above.<ref name="fra.dot.gov">{{cite web|url=http://www.fra.dot.gov/eLib/details/L02833|title=High-Speed Rail Strategic Plan|date=1 April 2009|publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation|access-date=28 June 2013|archive-date=7 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107143104/http://www.fra.dot.gov/eLib/Details/L02833|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The [[Congressional Research Service]] uses the term "[[higher-speed rail]]" for speeds up to {{cvt|150|mph}} and "very  high-speed rail" for the rail on dedicated tracks with speeds over 150&nbsp;mph.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R42584.pdf|title=Development of High Speed Rail in the United States: Issues and Recent Events|publisher=Congressional Research Service|access-date=10 October 2012}}</ref>

[[Amtrak]]'s ''[[Acela Express]]'' (reaching {{cvt|150|mph}}), ''[[Northeast Regional]]'', ''[[Keystone Service]]'', ''[[Silver Star (Amtrak train)|Silver Star]]'', ''[[Vermonter (train)|Vermonter]]'' and certain [[MARC Train|MARC]] [[Penn Line]] express trains (the three reaching {{cvt|125|mph}}) are currently the only high-speed services on the American continent according to the American definition, although they are not considered high-speed by international standards. These services are all limited to the [[Northeast Corridor]]. The ''Acela Express'' links [[Boston]], New York City, [[Philadelphia]], [[Baltimore]], and Washington, D.C., and while ''Northeast Regional'' trains travel the whole of the same route, but make more station stops. All other high-speed rail services travel over portions of the route.

As of 2024, there are two high-speed rail projects under construction in the United States. The [[California High-Speed Rail]] project, eventually linking the 5 largest cities in California, is planned to have its first operating segment, between [[Merced, California|Merced]] and [[Bakersfield, California|Bakersfield]], begin passenger service as soon as 2030.<ref name="2023 Project Update Report">{{cite web |date= |title=2023 Project Update Report |url=https://hsr.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/2023-Project-Update-Report-FINAL-022823.pdf |access-date=March 12, 2024 |publisher=California High-Speed Rail Authority}}</ref> The [[Brightline West]] project is planned to be privately operated and link the [[Las Vegas Valley]] and [[Rancho Cucamonga, California|Rancho Cucamonga]] in the [[Greater Los Angeles]] area, with service set to begin in as soon as 2028.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-04-20 |title=Construction to begin on high-speed rail between Vegas and California |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/travel/2024/04/20/high-speed-rail-construction-california-las-vegas/ |access-date=2024-04-20 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>