Editing Yosemite National Park (section)

===National Park Service===
The [[National Park Service]] (NPS) was formed in 1916, and Yosemite was transferred to that agency's jurisdiction. Tuolumne Meadows Lodge, [[Tioga Pass Road]], and campgrounds at Tenaya and Merced lakes were also completed in 1916.<ref name="Schaffer52">{{harvnb|Schaffer|1999|p=52}}</ref> Automobiles started to enter the park in ever-increasing numbers following the opening of all-weather highways to the park. The Yosemite Museum was founded in 1926 through the efforts of [[Ansel Franklin Hall]].{{sfn|NPS|1989|p=117}} In the 1920s, the museum featured Native Americans practicing traditional crafts, and many Southern Sierra Miwok continued to live in Yosemite Valley until they were evicted from the park in the 1960s.<ref>{{cite news |last=George |first=Carmen |title=American Indians share their Yosemite story |url=http://www.fresnobee.com/news/special-reports/yosemite-at-150/article19521750.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722135414/http://www.fresnobee.com/news/special-reports/yosemite-at-150/article19521750.html |archive-date=July 22, 2017 |access-date=July 12, 2017 |work=The Fresno Bee}}</ref> Although the NPS helped create a museum that included Native American culture, its early actions and organizational values were dismissive of Yosemite Natives and the Ahwahneechee.<ref name=":1" /> NPS in the early 20th century criticized and restricted the expression of indigenous culture and behavior. For example, park officials penalized Natives for playing games and drinking during the Indian Field Days of 1924.<ref name="Spence" /> In 1929, Park Superintendent Charles G. Thomson concluded that the Indian village was aesthetically unpleasant and was limiting white settler development and ordered the camp to be burned down.<ref name=":1" /> In 1969, many Native residents left in search of work as a result of the decline in tourism. NPS demolished their empty houses, evicted the remaining residents, and destroyed the entire village.<ref name=":1" /> This was the last Indigenous settlement within the park.<ref name=":1" /><ref name="miwuk" />

In 1903, a dam in [[Hetch Hetchy Valley]] in the northwestern region of the park was proposed. Its purpose was to provide water and [[hydroelectric power]] to [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]. Muir and the Sierra Club opposed the project, while others, including [[Gifford Pinchot]], supported it.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Moseley |first=W. G. |year=2009 |title=Beyond Knee-Jerk Environmental Thinking: Teaching Geographic Perspectives on Conservation, Preservation and the Hetch Hetchy Valley Controversy |journal=Journal of Geography in Higher Education |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=433–51 |doi=10.1080/03098260902982492 |s2cid=143538071 }}</ref> In 1913, the [[O'Shaughnessy Dam (California)|O'Shaughnessy Dam]] was approved via passage of the [[Raker Act]].<ref name="Schaffer51">{{harvnb|Schaffer|1999|p=51}}</ref>

In 1918, [[Clare Marie Hodges]] was hired as the first female Park Ranger in Yosemite.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web
 |title        = Women of Yosemite
 |url          = https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/historyculture/women.htm
 |access-date  = 2023-04-18
 |year         = 2022
 |publisher    = National Park Service
 |archive-date = March 30, 2023
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20230330045408/https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/historyculture/women.htm
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> Following Hodges in 1921, [[Enid Michael]] was hired as a seasonal Park Ranger<ref name=":6" /> and continued to serve in that position for 20 years.<ref name=":6" />
[[File:O'Shaughnessy Dam.jpg|thumb|left|[[O'Shaughnessy Dam (California)|O'Shaughnessy Dam]] in [[Hetch Hetchy]] Valley]]

In 1937, conservationist [[Rosalie Edge]], head of the Emergency Conservation Committee (ECC), successfully lobbied Congress to purchase about {{convert|8,000| acres}} of old-growth sugar pines on the perimeter of Yosemite National Park that were to be logged.<ref>{{cite book |last=Furmansky |first=Dyana Z. |year=2009 |title=Rosalie Edge, Hawk of Mercy: The Activist Who Saved Nature from the Conservationists |url=https://archive.org/details/rosalieedgehawko00zasl |url-access=registration |publisher=University of Georgia Press |isbn=978-0820336763 |pages = 200–07}}</ref>

By 1968, [[traffic congestion]] and parking in Yosemite Valley during the summer months has become a concern.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dolan |first=Jack |date=2025-01-30 |title=As Trump cuts federal jobs, even national parks are on the chopping block |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-01-30/national-parks-on-chopping-block-as-trump-cuts-federal-jobs |access-date=2025-02-01 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> NPS reduced artificial inducements to visit the park, such as the ''[[Yosemite Firefall|Firefall]]'', in which red-hot embers were pushed off a cliff near Glacier Point at night.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/benchmarks-january-25-1968-last-firefall-yosemite-tradition-flames-out/|magazine=Earth Magazine|title=Benchmarks: January 25, 1968: The last firefall: A Yosemite tradition flames out|first=Sara E|last=Pratt|date=December 14, 2017|access-date=December 2, 2023|archive-date=October 25, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231025083407/https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/benchmarks-january-25-1968-last-firefall-yosemite-tradition-flames-out/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1984, preservationists persuaded Congress to designate {{convert|677600|acre}}, or about 89 percent of the park, as the Yosemite Wilderness. As a [[wilderness area]], it would be preserved in its natural state with humans being only temporary visitors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/legal/parklaws/1/laws1-volume1-appendix.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203175920/http://www.nps.gov/legal/parklaws/1/laws1-volume1-appendix.pdf |archive-date=February 3, 2012 |title=California Wilderness Act of 1984 - 98th U.S. Congress |access-date=May 8, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2016, [[The Trust for Public Land]] (TPL) purchased Ackerson Meadow, a {{convert|400|acre||adj=mid| tract}} on the western edge of the park for $2.3&nbsp;million. Ackerson Meadow was originally included in the proposed 1890 park boundary, but never acquired by the federal government. The purchase and donation of the meadow was made possible through a cooperative effort by TPL, NPS, and Yosemite Conservancy. On September 7, 2016, NPS accepted the donation of the land, making the meadow the largest addition to Yosemite since 1949.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/ackersonaddition.htm|title=Ackerson Meadow Gifted to Yosemite National Park|author=National Park Service|access-date=September 8, 2016|archive-date=September 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920195915/https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/ackersonaddition.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> With extensive erosion from years of cattle ranching , the land is being transformed back into a healthy meadow.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rogers |first=Paul |date=2024-08-23 |title=Yosemite National Park: Crews restore damaged landscape back to conditions not seen in 150 years |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2024/08/23/yosemite-national-park-crews-restore-damaged-landscape-back-to-conditions-not-seen-in-150-years/ |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2025 National Park Service workers displayed a giant upside down "distress" flag at El Capitan to protest layoffs recently made by the Trump administration.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=McIntyre |first1=Iain |last2=Commons Librarian |date=2025-03-12 |title=Where to Fight Back: Lessons from US Anti-Coup Actions |url=https://commonslibrary.org/where-to-fight-back-lessons-from-us-anti-coup-actions/ |access-date=2025-04-06 |website=The Commons Social Change Library |language=en-AU}}</ref>